2024-03-29T10:53:07Z
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=6057
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Multiple Impacts in Rigid Bodies
Mohamed
Gharib
Yildirim
Hurmuzlu
Abstract:Multiple impacts problems arise in many practical applications, such as airplane undercarriages, impact crushers, and assembly robots. Solution of rigid body impact problems that involve simultaneous collisions is a challenging problem in mechanics and dynamics. This is one of the classical problems of contact mechanics, an area that dates back to Galileo. Surprisingly, the few methods that produced energetically consistent, unique solutions to this class of problems were proposed in the last decade. Among these methods, only the Impulse Momentum based method has been thoroughly verified by experiments. This method depends on a parameter called the Impulse Correlation Ratio (ICR). This parameter is physically meaningful and more effective in dealing with multiple impact problems. In this paper, we present a solution to the frictionless multiple impact problems that may arise in the rocking blocks. We use an approach based on the Impulse Momentum based method, the energetic coefficient of restitution, and the Impulse Correlation Ratio (ICR). Subsequently, we present the results of an experimental study that is used to compare the results predicted by the proposed method with the experimental outcomes.
Multiple Impacts
Rocking Block and Impulse Correlation Ratio
2010
05
01
1
14
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37501_32c3d6b8f759d853a0574d7b8cb99804.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Dynamic Snap-through of Thin-walled Spherical Shell under Impact
T.
Yu
D.
Karagiozova
X.
Zhang
Abstract:In order to study the dynamic effects on the snap-through behaviour of an elastic spherical shell under normal impact, ping-pong balls were accelerated by projectiles fired from an air-gun and impinged onto a rigid plate with the velocity ranging 10-50m/s. Apart from the force-displacement relationship, a particular attention was paid to the evolution of the contact zone between the ball and the plate, as recorded by a high-speed digital camera. As a result, the impact duration, the maximum contact diameter, and the contact diameter at snap-through buckling under different impact velocities were obtained. An axi-symmetric finite element model is generated and the dynamic simulation is conducted using ABAQUS/Explicit. Based on the experiments and simulations, a theoretical model is proposed, which simplifies the deformed shape by piecewise constant-curvature regions, but captures the major features of the deformation process of a thin-walled spherical shell, such as the onset of the snap-through buckling, the evolution of the contact zone, etc. By taking into account the inertia effects in the deformed regions and minimizing the total work done, the evolution of the deformed shape of the shell is revealed. The theoretical predictions for the contact force and contact diameter are in good agreement, while it is concluded that the local inertia is mainly responsible for the difference between the dynamic deformation behavior and the quasi-static one.
thin-walled spherical shell
impact
ping pong ball
snap-through buckling
2010
05
01
1
14
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37504_5fc44cc491541b84a463b787296ae880.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Effect of elastic modulus variation during plastic deformation on simulations of uniaxial ratchetting
M.
Abdel-Karim
Abstract:The objective of the present work is to highlight the effect of variation of the elastic modulus during plastic deformation on uniaxial ratchetting simulations. In order to achieve this target, the variation of the elastic modulus during loading and un-loading is considered and discussed based on some experimental observations which pointed out recently. Then the effect of such variation on simulations is scrutinized from the theoretical point of view by considering simulations of ratchetting experiments conducted on stainless steel 304L using the well-known Armstrong–Frederick model. It is shown that, using two different values for the elastic modulus during loading and un-loading could have a significant effect on simulations of uniaxial ratchetting. The importance of such findings is that the excessive ratchetting over-prediction resulting from any specific kinematic hardening rule is expected to decrease significantly by taking into consideration this effect. In this case, it is necessary to include variation of elastic modulus within the scheme of constitutive modeling of cyclic plasticity to simulate actual material responses especially ratchetting.
Constitutive modeling
cyclic plasticity
ratchetting
kinematic hardening
304 stainless steel and elastic modulus
2010
05
01
1
11
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37508_c84a3f9f00c83bbbaeb77eb7fd9e11c2.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Local buckling of axially compressed fully and partially stiffened GRP short columns: A comparison of Experimental and FE Analysis
Amal
Afifi
Geoffery
Turvey
Abstract Linear and nonlinear Finite Element (FE) analyses and experimental work on local buckling of un-stiffened, fully stiffened and partially stiffened full scale pultruded GRP profiles under uniform axial compression are presented. An investigation on improving the buckling capacity of I-section pultruded profile by bonding high modulus unidirectional CFRP strips to the top and bottom surface of the flanges along their free edges is carried out. The experimental buckling load for short columns with clamped ends (CC) have been evaluated using Southwell plots of deflection and bending strain test data. The experimental buckling loads have been also evaluated using the load versus end-shortening graphs. The predicted buckling loads obtained from FE analyses are compared with the experimental results and good agreement has been achieved. It has been shown that, the use of stiffeners generally produces a significant increase in the local buckling load and a significant shift in the buckling mode.
GRP columns
buckling
FEA
CFRP
Stiffened columns
2010
05
01
1
11
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37509_9ca44d09a5bd5cd1ae7c1667b8b1d43d.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Reinforced Concrete Beam Sections Under Biaxial and Axial Force: An Exact Solution
R.
Hussein
Abstract:This paper introduces a fundamentally clear approach to analyze and design reinforced concrete T, L and rectangle beam sections under biaxial bending and axial compression or tension force. For the first time since 1844, the paper shows how a given set of design requirements can be met exactly in a unified method using closed form solution and the concept of modular programming. The new approach provides an exact solution to the mechanics equations by direct integration of the normal stresses over the concrete and steel areas. To computerize this approach, the concept of modular programming was found suitable and attractive for such application. The advantages of the new approach include rigorous calculations; resolving the disadvantages and shortcomings of the published pertinent numeric methods such as lack of accuracy, numeric instability, and non-convergences, and meeting the needs for simple and fast computational tools for the daily design and educational practices. Also, the paper provides details of the computer formulation for the closed form solution. To demonstrate its validity and viability, eleven numeric applications are presented covering a broad spectrum of diverse problems some of which were solved manually in the literature by prominent scholars.
Biaxial bending, Columns, Analysis
design
L-section, Rectangle section, Strength, T-section, Uniaxial
2010
05
01
1
8
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37511_53b8969471fa64e177acdd5d83c4b159.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Solid-state diffusion enhancement of liquid phase joints between austenitic stainless steel alloy and magnesium alloy
Waled
Elthalabawy
Tahir
Khan
Abstract:The drive to reduce vehicle emissions and fuel consumption, yet maintain strength has led to the increase in use of austenitic stainless steels and magnesium alloys in the transport industry. Therefore, the bonding together of these dissimilar alloys is of critical importance. In this study, a solid-state diffusion bonding of 316L to Ni interlayer at 900oC preceded a transient liquid phase bonding between AZ31 and the Ni interlayer at 510oC. The results showed that, during the liquid phase bonding, the bonding time controlled the isothermal solidification stage and resulted in a metallurgical bond. A combination of solid-state reaction at the 316L steel-Ni interface and eutectic liquid formation at the AZ31/ Ni gained a 17% increase in the joint shear strength compared to joints produced without the solid-state diffusion-bonding step.
magnesium alloy
stainless steel
bonding
Microstructure
intermetallics
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37513_e50725dca8fa1ba04b2f5b3e5c5e8db3.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
DIRECT METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF GRAIN SIZE MEASUREMENT
Ashfaque
Memon
Abstract:Before the manufacturing of any metallic component, to avoid its failure during functional use, the crystalline structure is essential to be studied and the grain size is to be measured for which, several methods are being adopted. Among all, the most recent and advanced is by using computer. But the facility of it is not much explored in the under developed countries, due to its high initial cost and the appropriate training, specifically in the educational institutes.The most common methods recommended by ASTM that are in use for the measurement of the grain are; Comparison method, Intercept (Heyn ) method and Planimetric (Jaffries) method. These methods give approximate values with trial and error using charts and tables. This paper presents the direct method for the estimation/measurement of grain size by direct measurement technique.In this study, for the measurement of the grain size, a case hardened carbon steel sample was selected, which is most commonly used for gears and shafts manufacturing. The direct method of grain size measurement gives results with very convenience and accuracy in much lesser time. Also, it does not need skill and is free of trial and error.
Grain size
Direct method
Estimation
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37517_36044e1b01c192a226e5366c37a1b18e.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Optimizing Influence of Process Parameters on Induction Hardening for IC Engine Valve
R.
Palanivasan
Ravi.
Warkhedkar
Abstract:Fatigue Behavior of induction hardened part is largely dependent on the correct combination of hardening depth and the magnitude. The objective of this work is to optimize the process parameters of the IHE of SH – 5395 Tuff Pattern in which experimentations have been conducted. Two types of coils quenched and tempered were investigated; the process parameters of IHE were varied to give a constant hardness penetration depth in both Spiral and Flat Coils,
Hardness penetration depth
Spiral coil
Flat coil
2010
05
01
1
7
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37519_149b188bfe93f8ee0a373fa79fb4d5ea.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Experimental investigation of electron beam welding of AA1350 aluminum alloy
Zuhair
Elseddig
M.
Sobih
Kh.
Almazy
M.
Sallam
Abstract:Aluminum’s unique properties, e.g. light weight, high strength, and resistance to corrosion, make it an ideal material for use in conventional and novel applications. Aluminum has become increasingly used in the production of aerospace equipment, automobiles and trucks, packaging of food and beverages. However it suffers from poor joint strength when welded by conventional fusion welding. In this investigation an attempt has been made to improve the welded joint strength through using of electron beam welding (EBW). Due to special features of EBW, e.g. high energy density and accurately controllable beam size and location, in many cases it has proven to be an efficient method for joining difficult to weld materials. In this paper, the effects of EBW parameters on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) has been investigated, The experiments were based on one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT) method,
Aluminum alloy welding
Electron beam welding
one-variable-at-a-time
tensile strength
2010
05
01
1
11
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37523_404c3cd8b73a482cf4da901fcecb6362.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
ROBUST CONTROLLER'S DESIGN FOR A FUEL INJECTION PUMP
M.
Alanbari
Jaime
Angulo
José
Filippone
Agustín
Avello
Abstract:Fuel injection pump is a practical study case of a monovariable system to get the robust controllers design in Hinf. In this application the election of the weights performance (W1(s)) and robustness sensitivity (W3(s)) depends on the hypothesis design for the robust control. Also to study the behavior of the system with the controllers designed in different values of band width with the closed loop system; at the same time, one can see the effect of uncertainty in the pattern of the system and its relationship with the robust controller's effectiveness.
Robust control process
optimal control
and Application of the Hinf robust controller
2010
05
01
1
13
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37539_0e8f215906aeb68542c555ea3d1b90db.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Dump combustor swirling flow reconstruction using neural network
Saad
Ahmed
Hany
El Kadi
Abstract:Knowledge of continuous evolution of fluid flow characteristics is very useful and essential for better designs of efficient combustors. Many experimental techniques such as Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) measurements provide only limited discrete information at given points; especially, for the cases of complex flows such as swirling flows of dump combustors. For these types of flows, usual numerical interpolating schemes appear to be unsuitable. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methods are thus proposed and their results are presented in this paper and are compared with the experimental data used for training purposes. This pilot study showed that ANN is an appropriate method for predicting swirl flow velocity in a model of a dump combustor. In summary, this detailed information is fundamental for better designs and optimization of dump combustors.
Swirl flow
dump combustors and neural network
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37547_6203ddc24f43d6f41948708c96b25d07.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Sensing Strategy for Multi-Arm Mobile Robot Navigation For Nuclear Decommissioning Tasks
Khaled
Zied
Mohamed
Bakari
Abstract: The primary use of robotics in nuclear decommissioning applications is to reduce the radioactive dose levels to which workers are exposed during the decommissioning processes. There are many situations where, owing to the degree of radiation and the very long half-lives of the radioactive materials involved, robotics is the only feasible option. However, unstructured decommissioning environments pose significant challenges to the navigation, operation and control of tele-operated mobile robots and more specifically multi-arm mobile robots. Through task planning is often not achievable due to the risk of radiation and the unpredictable nature of the decommissioning workspace environment. The hazardous and unpredictability of the decommissioning environment makes real-time sensing with vision system and decision making an essential component of the multi-arm mobile robot. This paper proposes the use of a sensing strategy and visual feedback from cameras for navigation and position estimation and to provide the operator with real-time information of the target and its surrounding for controlling the multi-arm mobile robot and the successful execution of the decommissioning task.
Nuclear decommissioning
Multi-arm robot
robot controller
sensing strategy
2010
05
01
1
11
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37552_6f080345eba0071bd67ad4c17c5478bf.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM PATH-PLANNING USING AGENT PERCEPTUAL MODEL AND DYNAMIC ARTIFICIAL POTENTIAL FIELDS
M.
MABROUK
Abstract Artificial teams of mobile robots, which are capable of doing difficult jobs with relatively lower cost, gain a growing interest in the robotic field. In this paper, a model is used for a second order non-linear system to simulate a group of agents that interact via pair-wise attractive and repulsive potentials. a new potential field method is proposed using individually based agent perceptual model to successfully solve the local minimum problem, which is considered the main drawback in the artificial potential field based path-planning approach. The work in this paper is considered an extension of my earlier work to overcome local minima using internal agent states [1]. Allowing the potential field to be dynamic and manipulated by the model can solve the problem even easier. Simulation results demonstrate the ability of a single agent as well as group of agents to solve the problem and reach the goal position effectively.
Robotics
artificial potential field
path-planning
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37554_4c57a659524dfdb8481a873a4b313df7.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Path Planning of High Speed Manipulators according to Actuator Dynamics
Mohamed
Mabrouk
Hussien
Mahgoub
Abstract: The equations of motion for a robot manipulator with high speed are highly non-linear and coupled. The combined equations are developed, piecewise linearized and discretized to form a set of state difference equations by which a mathematical basis is provided for computer control and simulations. A mathematical model for describing the complete dynamics of a robot manipulator is obtained by combining the non-linear and coupled dynamic equations of motion of a manipulator linkage with those for its actuators. The adaptive control scheme and on-line computational scheme are employed to drive robot manipulators to follow high trajectories specified by continuous time functions. These schemes are briefly described and the control strategy involves a combination of feedforward and feedback control. Based on the control strategy, a program has been developed for simulations using FORTRAN. The inclusion of actuator dynamics in the modeling is shown to influence the controller design substantially. With appropriate controller design procedures, the tracking performance of the manipulators is shown to be very good. The introduced control strategy has been used to develop a planar robot manipulator with three degrees of freedom planar robot (RRR) case study using MATLAB. The result of the case study shows the capability of the control strategy to assist in controlling a manipulator using a GUI.
Intelligent control and robotics
industrial robot
digital processing
Digital Signal Processing
MATLAB
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37558_17646e6b91783fa45c2f28d40b097778.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Modeling of the Gas and Particle Flow in the Cyclone Separator using LES, RANS and Mathematical Models
Kh.
Elsayed
C.
Lacor
Abstract:The numerical simulation of the fluid flow and particle dynamics is presented by CFD simulations based on Navier-Stokes equations with the Reynolds stress turbulence model (RSM) and large eddy simulation (LES). A Lagrangian method is employed to track the particle motion and calculate the gas - particle separation efficiency in the cyclones for RSM and LES. According to the computational results, the differences of pressure, velocity and turbulence parameters of the gas flow are described to address the effects of the turbulence methodology on the obtained flow pattern of cyclones, especially for the tangential and axial velocity distributions. A comparison of experimental data, CFD simulation and different mathematical models has been performed to estimate the suitability of the three methodologies for estimation of cyclone performance and flow field. The results indicate that, the CFD approach can effectively reveal the mechanisms of gas-particle flow and separation in cyclones via RSM and LES, with overestimating of LES especially for pressure drop. Also a good matching is obtained from mathematical models for the cyclone pressure drop and cut-off size.
Cyclone Separator
Reynolds stress model (RSM)
Large eddy simulation (LES)
Discrete phase modeling (DPM)
One-Way coupling
Mathematical Models
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37560_74da65c0f9d8fccc02765a8cbf772edb.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Film cooling performance of shaped hole over vane with flow visualization
T.
Elnady
W.
Saleh
I.
Hassan
L.
Kadem
T.
Lucas
Abstract:The cooling performance of a shaped hole is investigated experimentally using a two-dimensional turbine vane cascade. The test section is designed to match Mach numbers, Reynolds numbers, pressure distributions, passage mass flow rates, boundary layer development, streamline curvature, and physical dimensions of turbine airfoils in operating gas turbine engines for industrial power generation. The test section walls are made of acrylic for the optical measurements with inlet cross section area of 10 cm by 5.4 cm. One row of laid-back fan-shaped axially-oriented cooling holes is located on the pressure side. The main stream Reynolds number based on the axial chord is 1.4E5 and inlet Mach number is 0.16. The local distributions of the heat transfer coefficient and film cooling effectiveness is obtained using a transient Thermochromic Liquid Crystal (TLC) technique for four different blowing ratios. The effectiveness of the shaped holes increases by the increase of the blowing ratio with a slight reduction on the heat transfer enhancement. The nature of the flow interaction between jet and mainstream is clarified using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to support the heat transfer findings.
Gas turbine
Film cooling
TLC and PIV
2010
05
01
1
11
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37566_1fe65f7a83a77b8456c0aba5ed7287bc.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
The Model of Micro-Fluidic Pump with Vibrating Boundaries
Nihad
Daidzic
MD
Hossain
Abstract:A mathematical model and numerical simulations of the new shear-driven micro-fluidic pump concept is presented. The flow of the Newtonian and shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid in plane 2D geometry, micro-channel, or pipe is achieved by oscillatory motion of the channel walls. The oscillatory flow for finite 2D geometry and ramp quasi-periodic boundary conditions is presented resulting in positive flow rate for Newtonian and some rheological fluids. Various layouts of the oscillatory motive plates can be achieved. Such micro-fluidic pumps can be easily arranged in a serial or parallel layout to deliver desired flow rates and/or efforts. Proposed shear-driven micro-fluidic pump can find variety of applications in supporting blood flow in vascular channels, MEMS fluidic systems, nanotechnology, food processing, automotive industry, etc.
Micro-fluidic pump
MEMS
Stokes 2nd problem
Oscillatory flow
Fourier decomposition
Numerical finite-difference method
Boundary layer
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37568_14c8e0d306823aa83e843860be9c371e.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Research on Series Hydraulic Hybrid Drivetrain for Using in Automobile
Ibrahim-
Sokar
H.
Murrenhoff
Abstract:Nowadays, the demand for energy savings and reduction of greenhouse gases as well as unhealthy emissions of automobile has been highly increased. Also as a result of the yearly rising of fuel prices and new environmental regulations of vehicle emissions; the development of new hybrid vehicles to reduce fuel consumption and emissions is a prerequisite. Hybrid vehicles have three different system configurations; series, parallel and series-parallel. These configurations can be divided into electric hybrid and hydraulic hybrid. Hydraulic hybrids operate basically the same way as electric hybrids, but they use a motor-pump unit instead of an electric motor-generator and a hydraulic accumulator rather than the battery pack to store recuperated energy. The electric hybrid has been promoted and successfully applied in various automobiles by industry. The high power density of hydraulic pumps/motors and hydro-pneumatic accumulators make hydraulic technology look promising for passenger cars and need be integrated in the vehicle industry due to its low price and recently developed units of high efficiency compared to electric machines. Aim of this paper is to introduce the development of using a Secondary controlled/ pressure coupling Hydrostatic Transmission (SC-HST) drivetrain to the new configuration of series hydraulic hybrid drivetrain which is called the Hydrid for use in passenger cars. A key component in the Hydrid drivetrain is the Innas hydraulic transformer and the new technology of using floating cup principle in axial piston hydrostatic pumps, motors and transformers which reveal a higher efficiency up to 98% [1]. Moreover one of the big merits of using the Hydrid drivetrain is its ability to force the engine to run only under high loads at all vehicle velocities.
Hybrid vehicle
hydraulic hybrid
Energy Saving and automotive control
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37578_935ed965dc43a4eb1092b12b05652abf.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Effect of upstream throttle valve on static and dynamic characteristics of counterbalance valve
M.
Metwally
A.
Aly
Abstract:For negative loads, the counterbalance valve is responsible for building up the necessary back pressure to carry the load, in addition to the braking action to prevent the load from being freely fall. Here, we argue that the introducing of a throttle valve connected upstream to the counterbalance valve has an effect on its dynamic characteristics (response) and braking characteristics, leading to enhancement in the circuit performance. Theoretical and experimental investigations have been carried out for different setting of throttle valve and for different cracking pressures of the counterbalance valve. The results showed that the introduction of the throttle valve connected upstream has an effect on the static characteristics of the counterbalance valve. While the dynamic characteristics (response time) of the counterbalance valve is enhanced by introducing the throttle valve and is mainly controlled by the throttle valve setting as well as the cracking pressure. The response time of the counterbalance valve could be increased by decreasing the throttle valve setting which is suitable for light loads and vice versa. This enhancement reduces the load shocks at starting as well as improves the braking effect of the freely falls load.
Counterbalance valve
throttle valve
static and dynamic characteristics
braking action
negative loads
2010
05
01
1
17
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37595_bc73c51a5aa59ebafc789af4de909ef0.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Investigations of application of composite materials in packing machines
Ana
Pavlovic
Snezana
Kostic
Cristiano
Fragassa
Zlatan
Soskic
Abstract:The paper presents analysis of mechanical behaviour of components of packingmachines in which steel parts are replaced by parts made of metal matrix compositematerials (MMCM). In this purpose, linear analytical and numerical analyses wereapplied for calculation of stiffness of the parts, and nonlinear numerical analysis offunctional behaviour of the components was performed. Besides, flexible dynamicanalysis was applied for consideration of impact behaviour. The results show that, whilemasses of the parts are reduced around 25%, desired adhesive properties and impactresistance are achieved.
Packing machines
Metal Matrix Composite Materials
ANSYS WB
Non linearity
flexible dynamic analysis
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37600_0c640e901571d1370ee3ab1e892cbbd6.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Finite Element and Spectral Element Models of an Adaptive Magnetorheological Sandwich Beam
Peter
Bishay
Mohammad
Tawfik
Hani
Negm
Abstract:The Magnetorheological fluid, as one of the smart materials, is the focus of many researches running nowadays and is getting to replace many materials in several engineering applications. This fluid is characterized by its ability to change from liquid into semi-solid gel in few milliseconds as a result of applying magnetic field. This paper deals with a magnetorheological fluid embedded in an Aluminum sandwich beam to give the whole sandwich structure relevant controllability of various parameters such as natural frequencies, vibration amplitudes, and damping factors. This paper presents Finite Element (FE) formulation of the MR sandwich beam, and uses the finite element model to solve for various beam boundary conditions, various magnetic field levels and configurations. The paper also compares the finite element results with published analytical results. Finally, the paper checks the suitability of the spectral element (SE) method in dealing with the MR sandwich beam, and compares the spectral results with the finite element results.
Magnetorheological (MR) fluid
Sandwich beam
Finite element (FE)
Spectral element (SE)
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37604_16b924d983c36f3f0921e96650d594bc.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF ISOTROPIC AND ANISOTROPIC BEAMS USING A SIMPLE HIGHER ORDER SHEAR DEFORMATION THEORY
F.
Alraiess
M.
Elshafei
S.
Kossa
ABSTRACTIn the present work, a finite element modeling and analysis is introduced for isotropic and anisotropic beams subjected to different mechanical loads. The assumed field displacements of the beam are represented by a simple higher order shear deformation theory made by Reddy [1]. The equation of motion is obtained using the principle of virtual work. A hermit cubic shape function is used to represent the transverse displacement wand its derivatives. The axial displacement u, and the normal rotation x are represented by a linear shape function. A MATLAB code is developed to compute the natural frequency, and the static deformations of the structure due to the applied loads of different boundary condition. The results of the proposed model are compared with the available results of other investigators; good agreement is generally obtained.
Finite element method – Reddy's Theory
higher order shear deformation theory – mechanics of composite materials – solid mechanics
2010
05
01
1
28
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37606_0299e15df7f4897d1728b66de36b3b99.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ISOTROPIC AND ANISOTROPIC TIEMOSHENKO BEAMS USING FINITE ELEMENT TECHNIQUE
M.
Ajala
M.
Elshafei
A.
Riad
ABSTRACTIn this paper, a finite element model has been proposed to analysis the response of isotropic and anisotropic beams subjected to different mechanical loads. The assumed field displacements of the beam are represented by simple first order deformation theory, the Timoshenko beam theory. The equation of motion is derived using the principle of virtual work. A hermit cubic shape function is used to represent the axial displacement u, the transverse displacement wis represented by a quadratic shape function, whereas the normal rotation x is represented by a linear shape function. The shear correction factor is used to improve the obtained results. A MATLAB code is constructed to compute the natural frequency, the static deformations, and the stresses on the structure due to the applied loads at different boundary conditions. The obtained results of the proposed model are compared to the available results of other investigators, good agreement is generally obtained.
Finite element methods – Timoshenko beam theory – composite materials mechanics – solid mechanics
2010
05
01
1
28
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37612_9296c55e4bf72147ea31dfc5f737b6ba.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Vibration control of tubular mono-poles using a novel concrete-steel composite design
Fady
Barsoum
Amir
Fam
Yi
Zhang
Abstract:Transmission line and light mono-poles are susceptible to structural vibration resulting from wind loads. Vibration mitigation and strengthening of steel poles have been studied. More recently a composite steel-concrete monopole was developed to support higher loads while having smaller ground line dimensions. The pole features a thin-walled hollow steel tube partially filled with concrete near the base to provide stability to the thin-walled tube. However, the dynamic properties of the newly developed poles were never investigated. Also, no attempts were made to investigate the optimal amount of concrete filling, to enhance the response of the poles when subjected to dynamic wind loads. In this paper, a finite element-based analysis was conducted to calculate the natural frequencies and mode shapes of conventional hollow steel poles. Results were verified using available numerical and experimental data. The method was then employed to calculate the natural frequencies and mode shapes of steel poles partly filled with concrete. A parametric study of the effect of the concrete filling length was also performed and utilized to find the optimal length of concrete filling. The new optimized composite pole features natural frequencies higher than the inherited frequencies of typical wind loads to better control wind-induced vibrations.
Poles
tubular structures
Structural dynamics
GFRP
Composite
steel
Concrete
wind
natural frequency
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37621_630090cdefc96b30e2008de690b66b58.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Frequency optimization of functionally graded bars in axial motion
Karam
Maalawi
Abstract:This paper presents an exact method for maximizing the natural frequencies of functionally graded material (FGM) bars in axial motion. To satisfy the economic feasibility requirements, the total structural mass is maintained at a constant value equal to that of a defined baseline design. The composition of the material of construction is optimized by defining the spatial distribution of volume fractions of the material constituents using either continuous or discrete distributions along the bar length. The major aim is to tailor the material distribution in the axial direction so as to maximize the frequencies and place them at their target values to avoid the occurrence of large amplitudes of vibration without the penalty of increasing structural mass. The resulting optimization problem has been formulated as a nonlinear mathematical programming problem solved by invoking the MatLab optimization toolbox routines, which implement the method of feasible directions interacting with the associated eigenvalue problem routines. As a case study, a bar with Fixed-Fixed boundary condition has been thoroughly investigated. It was shown that the use of material grading concept can be promising in maximizing the natural frequencies and producing efficient economical designs having optimal stiffness and mass distributions as compared with their corresponding baseline designs.
Functionally graded materials
axial vibration
composite structures and optimum design
2010
05
01
1
11
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37622_c1cfec0585ede0acf665f3a341390d57.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Vibration of Fractionally Damped Beams Subjected to a Moving Harmonic Load
R.
Abu-Mallouh
I.
Abu-Alshaikh
Abstract:This paper presents the transverse vibration of Bernoulli-Euler homogeneous isotropic damped beams. These beams are subjected to a harmonic load moving with constant velocity. The damping characteristics of the beams are described in terms of a fractional derivative of arbitrary orders. In the analysis where the initial conditions are assumed to be homogeneous, the Laplace transform cooperates with the decomposition method to find the analytical solution of the handled problems. Subsequently, curves are plotted to show the dynamic response of two beams under different sets of parameters including different orders of the fractional derivatives. The curves reveal that the dynamic response increases as the fractional derivative order becomes greater than unity. This yields that smaller the order of the fractional derivative, the more oscillations the beam suffers. Finally, the literature reviews had shown a good command of agreement with the results obtained in this paper.
Fractional damping
Moving load
Vibration
Beams
Fractional derivative
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37627_45f53c52b0b7c53dfddf020bd1e68a3f.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Effect of soil on the vibration and stability of buried composite material pipes conveying fluid
R.
Gadelrab
E.
Rabeih
A.
Atwa
Abstract:This work is concerned with the investigation of the free vibration and stability behavior of the buried composite material pipes. Soil is modeled mathematically as a one and two parameters foundation, (Winkler and Pasternak respectively). Composite material is treated as generally orthotropic material and the flow is a fully turbulent flow. A mathematical model based on Timoshenko beam theory is formulated. A finite element model has been implemented to investigate the problem. Mat lab package has been used to construct a program for vibration and stability analysis of the system. The obtained results have been compared with the published ones to verify the model. A comparison between buried composite material pipes and traditional ones is presented. The results show that the soil modeling, internal pressure and depth of the soil have an essential effect on the behavior of such pipes.
composite material pipes
2010
05
01
1
14
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37629_082c7657c335394e828d280f3a9de8bf.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Dynamic Analysis of Slider Crank mechanism and Two-Link Manipulator Using Constraint Technique
A.
El-Nady
Moutaz
Hegaze
E.
Morgan
Abstract:The important of the slider crank mechanism and two-link mechanism is that they are the key-player in many mechanical and structural systems. A family of joints in form of library to carry out kinematical and dynamical analyses of mechanical systems was introduced in earlier work by authors [1]. Joint programming package was designed employing the proposed joint library. In this paper, parametric investigations have been carried out on two different types of mechanisms, closed loop mechanism (slider-crank mechanism) and open loop mechanism (two-link manipulator) to illustrate their effects on the response of the systems. The proposed applications have been described based on the type of joints and the number of degrees of freedom of the mechanism. Based on Lagrange multipliers theorem, the dynamic and inverse dynamic analyses have been carried out to calculate the reaction forces.
Constraint Technique
Slider Crank mechanisms
two-link mechanism
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37632_372e23dd0f91fca81f4a9664dc6def30.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Feature recognition of prismatic parts for inspection planning
Hesham
Hussien
Amro
Youssef
Mohamed
Shoukrey
Abstract:Automated feature recognition has recognized as the front end of fully automated computer aided process planning (CAPP) systems. Automated feature recognition is considered to be the link between computer aided design (CAD) and CAPP systems. Feature recognition converts the geometrical and topological data contained in CAD file into application orientated features for planning purposes. This work introduces an automated rule based feature recognition algorithm to extract prismatic features from a boundary representation (B-rep) solid model. The automatic feature recognition algorithm is developed using ACIS geometric kernel and C++ object oriented programming. The recognition system input is a B-rep solid model in sat format. The developed algorithm is a part of a complete computer aided inspection planning system.
CAD
CAD/CAM
CAPP
Feature recognition and Feature extraction
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37643_fae14b5e589441edfe1d5899a12d92ad.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Computer aided design, optimization and performance enhancement of solid state laser cavities
Ahmed
Badia.
Amro
Youssef
Samy
Ghoniemy
Mohy
Mansour
Abstract:Design of laser cavities is a complicated process. It includes several optical, geometrical and material parameters. Computer Aided Design of laser cavities reduces the time and effort required to reach the optimum design. In this paper an accurate and fast three dimensional CAD model for simulating solid-state laser systems is developed. Numerical estimations of the geometrical transfer efficiency of various cavities are presented. Analytical and iterative methods to achieve a feasible converged solution for designing optimum pumping champers which contains different geometrical dimensions of laser rods, flash lamps and walls reflectivity are discussed. A simulation study of the pumping efficiency of the laser heads with respect to the cavity geometry, different geometries of laser rods and flashlamps, and reflecting coatings have been carried out. The goal is to achieve a maximum concentration of the light flux of the pumping source towards the active medium. Results are presented using Matlab and Microsoft office excel. Computer aided design is then used to create three dimensional parametric model of laser cavity assembly. The proposed model has been compared with published results and shown to be very accurate and efficient for modeling three-dimensional solid-state laser chambers.
Solid state lasers
laser efficiency
laser pump cavities and cad modeling
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37645_b312853a312b7efe3f424336907f79c3.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Packaged Software Selection within Iranian Manufacturing SMEs: A Case Study
Norzima
Zulkifli
Morteza
Ghobakhloo
Faieza
Abdul Aziz
Abstract:Nowadays, worldwide competition and need for possessing competitive advantage have forced Iranian small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to employ information technology (IT) to take advantage of their benefits. Due to SMEs‟ special characteristics generally referred to as resource poverty, these businesses are more inclined to purchase packaged software to meet their organizational needs for advanced computational technologies. However, the evaluation and selection of appropriate packaged software which satisfactorily meet these requirements is a complicated software engineering process and the selection of wrong packaged software can dramatically impose negative impacts over business processes and profitability. Using a questionnaire-based survey to collect data from the managers of manufacturing SMEs, IT experts, vendors, producers of packaged software and software engineers in Iran, as well as through applying the multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method, TOPSIS, this paper aims to answer the question which domestically provided software package is the fittest with the needs of Iranian manufacturing SMEs. The methodology and findings offer valuable insights to decision makers to select the most appropriate packaged software to fit with business process.
Iran
packaged software
small and medium-sized enterprises
TOPSIS
2010
05
01
1
16
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37647_ebf7043f58283804ae68f737ff20b700.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Product Cost Estimation Using Fuzzy Logic
Sohier
Baioumy
Abstract:Design and development of a product in the early stage of production is based on cost estimation. This paper aims at presenting the compared results of the application of two different approaches –namely regression model and fuzzy logic for the estimation of the cost. Fuzzy cost estimation is based on data needed to estimate the cost, which sometimes is imprecise or uncertain. Also at the early stages of design, the knowledge required to estimate the cost is not available accurately to use the regression technique. Therefore, this paper investigates the possibility of applying fuzzy logic in cost estimation for producing a pressure vessel as a case study.
Cost Estimation
Regression Model
Fuzzy Logic Model
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37648_ba8b85be3d75ead291e07727ad5fe280.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Prediction of Surface Roughness for Milling Operation Using Artificial Neural Network
Mohamed
Rasmy
Omar
Soliman
Mohamed
Gadallh
Reda
El- Sayed
Abstract:In this work different types of artificial neural networks (ANN) models are developed comparing between them for the prediction of best surface roughness (Ra) values in (AL) alloy after milling machine process. The feed forward neural network (FFNN) with different training functions, radial base (RBNN) and generalized regression (GRNN) networks were selected and the data used for training these networks were derived from experiments conducted using CNC milling machine. The Taguchi design of experiments was applied to reduce the time and cost of the experiments. The six inputs (radial depth of cut, axial depth of cut, cutting speed , feed rate, tool diameter and machine tolerance) selected for the network with the selected output (surface roughness).
Milling – feed forward – radial base – generalized regression – surface roughness
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37649_6642a8864225adfbbd5b23af6579b2a5.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Effect of hydroxy (HHO) gas addition on performance and exhaust emissions in compression ignition engines
Ali
YILMAZ
Erinç
ULUDAMAR
Kadir
AYDIN
Abstract:In this study, hydroxy gas (HHO) was produced by the electrolysis process of different electrolytes (KOH(aq), NaOH(aq), NaCl(aq)) with various electrode designs in a leak proof plexiglass reactor (hydrogen generator). Hydroxy gas was used as a supplementary fuel in a four cylinder, four stroke, compression ignition engine without any modification and its effects on exhaust emissions and engine performance characteristics were investigated. The flow rate of hydroxy gas was measured by using various amounts of KOH, NaOH, NaCl (catalysts). These catalysts were added into the water to diminish hydrogen and oxygen bonds and NaOH was specified as the most appropriate catalyst. The experiments were performed at full open throttle operating conditions. Using hydroxy gas as a supplementary fuel in the engine resulted in reducing carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) emissions and specific fuel consumption.
Hydrogen
hydroxy
Enrichment
Combustion
performance
Emissions
Electrolysis
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37650_51b3926dcb0df627751a4c11a29d6ba4.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Experimental Study on a Diesel Engine Fuelled with New and Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester
Ahmed
Rashad
Abstract:The results of the performance of a compression ignition engine (direct injected, 4-stroke 1-cylinder engine) by using methyl ester (biodiesel) from fresh and used vegetable oil have been presented in this paper along with the performance using petroleum diesel fuel. Short-term engine performance tests were conducted using methyl ester oil from new and used cooking oil. The engine performance parameters studied were power output, maximum in-cylinder pressure, brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency and exhaust gas temperature by using diesel fuel alone and the above mentioned biodiesel fuel. The emissions measured were CO2, CO. Data thus obtained were analyzed and compared with those of diesel fuel. The in-cylinder pressure was observed to be about 7% higher as compared to that with diesel fuel. The exhaust gas temperature was observed to increase in case of biodiesel. Significant reduction (about 80%) in CO emission was observed as compared to that with diesel fuel. The CO2 emission from the biodiesel (obtained from fresh cooking oil) fuelled engine was slightly higher than diesel fuel as compared with diesel. While significant reduction (about 48%) in CO2 emission from the biodiesel (obtained from used cooking oil) fuelled engine was observed as compared to that with diesel. At the same time brake thermal efficiency was observed to be lower (with about 16%) as compared to that with pure diesel. Brake specific fuel consumption was higher as compared with diesel fuel especially at low load.
Vegetable oil fuel
Alternative fuel
methyl ester
Biodiesel
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37652_46ac92e6547afe22de3abed0d7aaa77f.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Experimental Investigation of Cyclic & Cylinder to Cylinder Variations in Spark Ignition Engine
Amr
Bosila
Ibrahem
Saleh
Moatasem
Shahien
Essam
Haggag
Aly
Elmaihy
ABSTRACT A special SI engine designed to work with gasoline and compressed natural gas (CNG), in completely dedicated fashions, is tested while mounted in the vehicle using a chassis dynamometer and a complete set of measuring instruments. The main objective is to assess the cyclic and cylinder to cylinder variations of cylinder pressure under different operating conditions with both types of fuel. Four sets of pressure transducers and conditioning devices are installed to record the pressure-crank angle histories inside each of the four engine cylinders. Electronic data acquisition techniques and a specially developed software package are used to measure, record and analyze all the parameters at different test conditions. Observations show that Cyclic variations of pressure in each cylinder during the combustion process are 20 to 25% less with CNG. The variations in the maximum rate of pressure rise are also 15-20% less while the average values are slightly higher. The deviations (from average) of the cyclic values of Pmax and its timing CAPmax, show large inverse correlation to each other. The increasing or decreasing trends in Pmax and its timing do not continue for more than 3-4 successive cycles. This is more apparent with natural gas fuelling at all engine operating conditions. The cross correlation coefficient has a certain degree of repetition every 2-3 cycles and even less with gasoline. The single-sided cross power spectrum also shows the existence of some periodic dependency within 5 engine cycles or less. Cyclic deviations in Pmax and CAPmax from average cylinder values converge to almost the same patterns when averaged over 3 or more cylinders in firing sequence, with nearly complete negative correlation. The cross spectrum also shows the presence of a high peak always near the frequency of 0.3 per cycle.
Cycle to cycle variation
cylinder to cylinder variation
2010
05
01
1
20
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37653_f77701546256dfc2b6c44357afa87989.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Advanced Numerical and Experimental Studies of Premixed Flame Propagation Past Solid Obstructions
S.
Ibrahim
Abstract:This paper describes recent numerical and experimental studies of the interactions between propagating premixed flame and solid obstructions. The study has been performed in a range of laboratory platforms where controlled premixed flames are set to propagate past solid obstacles and/or baffle plates strategically positioned in vented combustion chambers. Researchers have studied the effects of various parameters such as obstacle shape, blockage ratio, repeated obstacles, venting area, and combustor size where the length of the combustion chamber in the direction of the propagating flame is varied with respect to the chamber’s width or diameter. Computational approaches used in simulating propagating premixed flames range from simple ones that are numerically feasible for practical applications such as those based on Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations to complex and numerically very expensive such as Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methods. Experimentally, high speed images of the propagating flames as well pressure-time traces are widely available for a range of experimental conditions but flow field measurements are less common due to the seeding difficulty associated with such transient processes. This paper reviews also recent experiments where the flame front was imaged was imaged using laser induced fluorescence (LIF) from the hydroxyl radical.
premixed flame propagation
burning rates
flame interaction with obstacles
LES simulations
deflagration overpressure
laser induced fluorescence
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37654_419e3418f3e5933b2cddaa2ad5c72bf2.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF INJECTION ADVANCE ANGLE IN DIESEL ENGINE ON ENGINE SOUND
ELBAZ
A.
MAHGOUB
M.
SHAHIN
A.
Abstract:Injection advance angle has a great effect on diesel engine performance, exhaust and sound emissions. An experimental investigation was conducted to acquire enough data and apply acoustic emission analysis techniques in order to analyze engine sound with respect to injection advance angle changing. A single cylinder diesel engine was used and the test rig was equipped with all necessary instruments to measure and record all the needed parameters. Engine sound emission is recorded and analyzed to determine the fundamental frequencies especially those relevant to the combustion process. Measurements were conducted at wide range of variations of injection advance angles and at different engine speeds and loads set by changing the dynamometer readings and fuel pump rack position. A special mechanism was designed, machined assembled to the injection pump drive coupling in order to enable the setting of different static fuel injection points. Optimum injection advance is 19 degree BTDC (the angle at which engine produces its maximum torque and operate smoothly and is achieved from BMEP calculations), measurements are done at it, before, and after it. A set of four microphone-audio amplifier arrays was used to measure the engine acoustic emission while a PC multichannel data acquisition system was used to collect and record the measured signals. Fast Fourier transform is applied on the combustion sound signals to get the amplitude-frequency relations at different operating conditions. The results show remarkable changes of these relations with the injection advance angle. Too early or very late injection advance angles result in irregular and rough engine operation.
Injection advance angle
BMEB: brake mean effective pressure
BTDC: before top dead center
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37655_dae532eb29e01e3c7f02313c5e0237f3.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Cylinder Pressure, Performance Parameters, Heat Release, Specific Heats Ratio and Duration of Combustion for Spark Ignition Engine
M.
Shehata
Abstract:Experimental study are carried out for investigating cylinder pressure, performance parameters, heat release, specific heats ratio and duration of combustion for multi cylinder spark ignition engine (SIE). Cylinder pressure is measured for gasoline, kerosene and Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) separately as a fuel for SIE at different engine speeds. The engine is coupled by water dynamotor for measuring engine brake power. Fast Fourier Transformations (FFT) are used for transforming measured cylinder pressure from time domain to frequency domain. Empirical correlation is carried out for calculating cylinder pressure in frequency domain for different engine speeds. Inverse Fast Fourier Transformations (IFFT) are used for reconstructing cylinder pressure in time domain. Good agreement between reconstructed and measured cylinder pressure are obtained for different engine speeds. Indicate engine performance parameters are calculated using cylinder pressure measurement. First law-single zone model with γ(T) are used for calculating heat release and heat transfer to cylinder wall. Logarithmic scale of measured cylinder pressure and calculated volume are used for determining polytropic index of compression and expansion processes. Third order correlation for temperature dependant specific heat ratio γ(T) is obtained which is in a good agreement with other researchers. Position of maximum cylinder pressure, maximum temperature and maximum heat release are carried out respectively for different engine speeds. Duration of combustion (Start/end of combustion) for different engine speeds are determined using four different methods: (I) Fuel burned mass fraction, (II) Change of entropy, (III) Temperature dependant specific heats ratio, and (VI) Change of pressure versus cylinder volume in the logarithmic scale. Using entropy change for determining duration of combustion is simple and accurate method. Measurement of engine cylinder pressure is useful tool for understanding the combustion characteristics and determination of reliable statistical data that cannot measured directly. This study is contributed in determining combustion characteristics for different fuels, development and finding optimal operating conditions of multi cylinders SIEs.
Cylinder pressure
heat released
duration of combustion
Entropy
2010
05
01
1
26
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37656_134b0fdad5d74c41ce63e37cda2c39b9.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
COTTON, PALM AND FLAX OILS AS ALTERNATIVE FUELS FOR DIESEL ENGINE
M.
SHEHATA
Abstract:Experimental studies have been carried out to investigate effects of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine performance and emissions characteristics. Biodiesel fuels are prepared from cotton seed oil, palm oil and flax oil to use as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Biodiesel emissions and performance parameters are compared with the base diesel fuel using single cylinder air cooled direct injection diesel engine with and without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for different engine speeds. Viscosity and density of different fuels are measured at different temperatures to determine the temperature at which the viscosity has minimum difference between biodiesel and diesel fuels to decrease viscosity effects on the results. The results indicate that biodiesel fuels give slightly less brake power, brake thermal efficiency and slightly higher brake specific fuel consumption and higher fuel mass flow rate per cycle. Diesel fuel gives lower CO and CO2 concentrations than biodiesel fuels due to lower carbon/hydrogen ratio and higher heating value. Biodiesel fuels give higher NOX concentrations than diesel fuels due to higher oxygen concentrations in biodiesel molecules and higher cetane number. The main parameters affecting biodiesel fuels combustion are viscosity, density, oxygen content, centane number, heating value and fuel compositions which are the basic parameters for analysis the results. Using EGR increases CO concentrations and decreases NOX concentrations due to decrease flame temperature. Also, exhaust gas temperature (TExhaust), oil temperature (TOil), wall temperature (TWall), cylinder pressure are measured with/without EGR. TExhaust and TOil for biodiesel fuels are higher than that for diesel fuel. TWall for diesel fuel is higher than all biodiesel fuels. Fluctuation in TExhaust is higher than fluctuation in TOil and TWall respectively. Biodiesel fuels give maximum cylinder pressure higher than diesel fuel. The present work contributes in using biodiesel fuels as alternative fuel for diesel engine and decreasing diesel engine emissions. The position of maximum cylinder pressure are arrangement as 11 crank angle (CA) degree after top dead center (ATDC) for flax, 12 CA degree ATDC for cotton, 14 CA degree ATDC for palm and 20 CA degree ATDC for diesel fuel respectively
Biodiesel fuel
performance
emission
EGR
palm
Cotton
Flax
2010
05
01
1
25
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37657_24b1897a11b0b3f2d57e3e9e879cebf5.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
COEFFICIENT OF SENSITIVENESS TO A REGISTERED CROSS-SYMMETRIC CRACK AT STABILITY OF A SLENDER PRISMATIC COLUMN
Varvara
VESELINOVA-GUTEVA
Abstract:Subject of research in the publication is a steel column with a square cross section with registered not-developing, end, cross-symmetric crack with different extent of penetration and different location longwise the column, which is loaded with, concentrated centrally applied force in the free, border cross section. Determined are the values of the critical force through a direct method of stability analysis of one-dimensional tasks. The area of the column that contains the cross section with a registered crack is being shaped through a torsion spring, as the elements of the matrix for its stiffness are determined through the theorem of Castiglano and the methods of the linear fracture mechanics. The impact of the location and the extent of the penetration of a registered crack on the value of the critical force has been proved. A coefficient of sensitiveness has been entered to the registered cross-symmetric crack for the researched steel column through which the complex impact of the location and the extent of penetration on the value of the critical force is calculated.
Column
crack
finite elements method
stability
2010
05
01
1
16
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37658_498b28b987926a6170c61c702e3ef1ef.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Measurement Techniques and Characterization of High Speed Moving Objects
Matteo
Lancini
Cinzia
Amici
Claudio
Breda
Abstract:Response to fast speed stimuli of non linear system is difficult to predict without a proper model whose parameter has been characterized in condition closer to the working ones, because assumptions and simplifications on component stiffness and damping, such as their linearity in the frequency domain, are no longer valid. To characterize a two degrees of freedom spring-mass-damper system reacting to a high speed impact a set of statistical techniques has been developed and applied to a set of experimental measurements obtained thanks to a high speed camera, a piezoelectric load cell and a set of piezoaccelerometers. Photogrammetric position accuracy has been improved using a least square estimator of a single position from different markers, therefore position and acceleration data have been fused together being weighted on the reciprocal of their uncertainties. Starting from load, position, velocity and acceleration data, spring-mass-damper systems with different degrees of freedom have been characterized in different configurations using genetic algorithms to minimize the square deviation of prediction from measured speed, although the term to be minimized has been again weighted on reverse of uncertainty to avoid false results. Eventually the whole process has been validated and automated in order to provide a new and efficient mean of characterizing dynamic parameters such as stiffness, damping, trigger length of elastic systems impacted by high speed1 objects.
sensor fusion
accelerometer
load cell
high speed camera
Genetic Algorithms
uncertainty
Least Square
2010
05
01
1
11
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37661_4722881e28dae1950f55185e2237ae24.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Gear Wear Accelerated testing Device with Reverse motion - Design and Application -
Milosav
Ognjanovic
Ana
Pavlovic
Snezana
Ciric-Kostic
Abstract:Gear wear testing is an extensive laboratory process in conditions similar to service ones. To apply the obtained results for the design of the new gearing structures, it is necessary to identify an additional indicator: the wear probability. In this case reverse gear motion is an additional condition which is necessary to simulate along the laboratory testing. Design, including 3D model of testing device structure for the purpose of plastic gear wear testing, is presented and analyzed. The application for wear probability testing of gears with reverse motion, together with experimental data processing, is presented. The application of those results in design process of the new gear structures is discussed. Gear system for air flow and combustion control in the car engines is used as an example for testing and design. Plastic gears transform control motion and load by resistance torque of the spring for reverse motion. Service life and reliability of this system, including its design using reliability as design constraint, needs experimental data obtained by designed testing device.
Gears
Wear
Failure Probability
Testing device
2010
05
01
1
8
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37662_bb72f871435cc1384e76dbc4aa82a62e.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
A Three Dimensional-System of Units
Salama
Abdelhady
Abstract:In recent years; scientific literatures as textbooks and journals have considered the SI system of units as undesirable in fundamental researches because the SI units of many physical quantities do not correspond to current scientific theories. This paper offers a new system that eliminates redundancies found in the SI system by involving physical concepts that found, by following an entropy approach, common features of the thermal, electrical and magnetic fluxes. The electric potential and the magnetic potentials were expressed as qualities of the electric charge and the magnetic flux in analogy to the temperature that represents, as stated by the second law of thermodynamics, the quality of heat. According to published experimental results; the electric or the magnetic potentials generates an E.M.F. through an Al-Fe thermocouple similar to the E.M.F. generated by a temperature difference in such thermocouple. So; the introduced system considers the generated E.M.F. as a unique dimensionless scale for measuring the qualities or the potentials of the considered energy fluxes. Accordingly, the introduced system of units is based only on three dimensions; E, L, and T, and four fundamental units; Joule, meter, second and the Volt. The postulated system of units introduces also a modified fundamental thermodynamic-equation that offers plausible explanations of the prevailing energy-system interactions in the fields of thermodynamics, electromagnetism and thermo-chemistry
Dimensions
units
Potentials
Thermodynamics
electromagnetism
thermo-chemistry
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37663_552131e815b36ac0516ce89147ca0ae9.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Inception of the Revolving Vane Compressor
KT
Ooi
Abstract:This paper presents a step-by-step design details leading to the inception of a new rotary compressor called Revolving Vane compressor (the RV). This compressor was conceived with the objective to counter all the basic design limitations present in the existing rolling piston compressor (the RP). The outcome is the RV compressor. As compared to the rolling piston design, this new compressor has the following advantages: fewer components; lower frictional losses and thus a higher mechanical efficiency, a higher volumetric efficiency and a simpler construction. The RV has a rotating cylinder and a vane which is rigidly fixed to the driving component, in this case, the cylinder. A mathematical model has been formulated to understand the performance of the compressor and a prototype compressor has also been fabricated and tested to proof the design concept.
prototype compressor
2010
05
01
1
16
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37665_4f11baeb13dc981507d7e41b02437b52.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Experimental analysis and performance characteristics of air brake load sensing relay valve
S.
Albatlan
Abstract:The brake system is the primary system in an automobile which ensures its safety on the road. The ideal brake system should operate with the least effort from the driver and should stop the vehicle within the minimum possible distance without loosing controllability. This paper deals with the air brake system relay valve experimental performance. The work focuses on different parameters which would affect valve characteristics. Experimental investigation of the valve characteristics under these parameters is performed and analyzed.
Air brake
load sensing relay valve
performance
characteristics and parameters
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37666_4b3ac003b36437fc69f3d3d2f6b01ba2.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Adaptive Tyre Pressure Control for Off-Road Vehicles
H.
El-Zomor
S.
Shaaban
S.
El-Demerdash
M.
Emam
Abstract:Off-road vehicles’ performance depends strongly on two major factors; the vehicle design, and the soil type. One of the efficient methods used to ameliorate vehicle performance is adjusting the inflation pressure to suit the ground bearing capacity. These present work deals with designing and building a laboratory test rig that enables adjusting the inflation pressure of a single tyre according to a specific control strategy based on getting a specific tyre deformation that suit the drive condition on soft soils such as fine sand. The built instrumentation system receives, processes, and sends signal data from and to the tested tyre by using the LabView software. A large volume of experimental data related to tyre load, pressure, soil density, and resulting tyre deformation and soil sinkage have been used to develop a relationship between tyre sinkage and load for three soil densities (loose – medium – dense). The relationship represents the base for the control strategy. The results of application of the used control strategy showed that tyre pressure can be adaptively controlled to reach the so called tyre flotation pressure within an acceptable time response.
Off-Road mobility
Tyre pressure control
Tyre floatation
Soil trafficability
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37668_3408402cfb617c107b60bd7ceb73664a.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Approximate Models for Crashworthiness Design Optimization
Hesham
Ibrahim
Ramin
Sedaghati
Abstract:Design optimization for crashworthiness improvement is one of the most difficult to solve engineering design problems. The difficulty stems from the extremely high computational cost associated with the highly nonlinear finite element models used for simulating the sophisticated crash behaviour of structural components. This paper presents a practical and an efficient methodology for solving such problems. The methodology combines nonlinear finite element analysis, response surface method, design of experiments and numerical optimization. The methodology is applied to improve the crashworthiness performance of the S-rail, which plays a very important role in absorbing most of the impact energy in frontal collisions. The results demonstrate the capability and potential of this methodology in optimizing the crashworthiness design of vehicle structures.
Crashworthiness
Vehicle design
Optimization
LS-DYNA
Automobile structures
Approximate methods
RSM
doe
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37669_432e0e1111ec90029417ea1177be1685.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Modeling and Simulation of a Control System for a Remotely Operated Tracked Vehicle
A.
Eliewa
M.
Atef
M.
Elhaddad
R.
Khodary
Abstract:This paper deals with a proposal for building up a control module to convert the APC M113 into a remotely controlled vehicle. The driving of the vehicle has been simplified and performed through a simple control lever similar to the computer joystick which is able to control the vehicle driving systems; steering and braking system, accelerator pedal, and gear shifting lever. The necessary sensors and actuators have been added to the conventional M113. A microcontroller is used as a control unit; the required interfacing circuits were designed. LABVIEW Software® is used as the interface between the microcontroller and the remote control station. Finally a mathematical model is prepared to simulate the proposed control module and measure its response and stability
Unmanned systems
Electronic control
Microcontroller
2010
05
01
1
18
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37671_68baeb9cb383afd9041ec839e698e86e.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
The Effect of Indenter Geometrical Errors on the Accuracy And Uncertainty of Brinell Hardness
R.
Hegazy
M.
Ibrahim
A.
Abuelezz
M.
El-Sherbiny
Abstract:This paper reports work carried out to determine the influence of the ball indenter geometrical errors on the accuracy of Brinell hardness measurements. Indenters with nominal diameters of 1, 2.5, and 5 mm diameter are tested. Fifteen balls are considered for each nominal diameter. The roundness error of each ball is measured. The diameters of the balls were measured by profile projector and the roundness error was measured by CMM machine. The influence of the ball geometry on the accuracy of hardness is investigated. Six calibrated reference hardness-test blocks are used to perform Brinell hardness test using the 45 selected balls. The results show that the roundness error considerably affects the accuracy of the hardness measurement.
Brinell hardness
Brinell Indenter geometry
2010
05
01
1
14
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37673_df33499db1e719801a0a9a402bc90b56.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Low carbon high nitrogen stainless steel
Saeed.
Ghali
Abstract:Austenitic stainless steel is one of the most important stainless steels. This article aims to investigate the effect of partial and total replacement of nickel by nitrogen on both mechanical properties and phase of steel. The proposed stainless steels were produced in 10 kg induction furnace under nitrogen pressure. The produced stainless steels forged at high temperature. The investigated stainless steels heat treated at 1200 oC for 1 hour cooled in water, followed by tempering at 300 oC for1 hour. Nonmetallic inclusions such as nitrides were separated by electrolytic dissolution. Nitrogen as nitrides was determined and soluble nitrogen was calculated. XRD technique was used to investigate the types of nonmetallic inclusions. The microstructure of produced stainless steels was observed. The tensile properties were determined of tempered stainless steels after quenching process. The base stainless steel has chemical composition 14.42%Ni, 0.0387%C,1.64%Si, 1.62%Mn, 20.24%Cr, 2.39%Mo and 0.008%N. It was found that it has yield and ultimate tensile strength 352.6 MPa and 550.2 MPa respectively. The developed stainless steel has the same chemical composition of the base one with 6.54%Ni and 0.232%N. It has yield and ultimate tensile strength 494.5 MPa and 714.9 MPa respectively. In addition to the free nickel stainless steel grade with 0.342%N- has yield and ultimate tensile strength 746.2 MPa and 886.0 MPa respectively. From experimental results, either partial or total replacement of nickel by nitrogen improves tensile properties, in addition to the microstructure will be not changed.
Austenitic Stainless Steel
High Nitrogen
Free Nickel Austenitic Stainless Steel
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37676_ce3b74c36a1941cc6b6a91f29b5cb1b8.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Aging response of Al-Zn-Mg 7020 alloy
M.
Sabra
M.
Maher
K.
Almazy
M.
Sallam
Abstract:The aging response of Al-Zn-Mg alloy type 7020 was systemically studied including natural aging, one-stage aging, and two stages aging. The naturally aged alloy resulted in peak hardness of 113 HB, while one-step aging of the alloy at 120 °C for 28 hr, at 150 °C for 5 hrs, or at 200 °c for 20 min resulted in peak hardness of 109, 93, and 79 HB respectively. The two-stages aging was carried out at 120 °C as a low aging temperature and 150 °C as a high aging temperature and through different aging periods of time. When aging at 150 °C was preceded by a low temperature aging stage at 120 °C for different periods of time, the obtained hardness was increased and attained a peak value of 108 HB after 6 hrs at 120 °C and 8 hrs at 150°C. The analysis of the tensile fracture surface demonstrated dominating ductile dimple fracture modes in the solution treated specimens, while in the peak aged specimens some zones of cleavage brittle fracture were manifested together with the ductile fracture zones.
aging
age hardening
2010
05
01
1
13
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37677_d0e00e04a6e301ae5a82026981d2ac73.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Closed-Form Solution For Laminated Bio-composite Plates With Interlayer Slip
R.
Hussein
Abstract:In the literature, very few publications are available that deal with the structural response of biocomposite plates with interlayer slips. Realistically, the bonding in the plates is rigid enough to make a significant contribution to the overall structural integrity of the plate, yet flexible enough to permit interlayer shear deformation. A closed-form solution for laminated biocomposite plates assembled with non-rigid bonding and subjected to edgewise loading is presented in this paper. The edgewise load can be uniaxial or biaxial; applied to the facings only, core only, or to both components. The solution satisfies the equilibrium equations of the layers, the compatibility equations of stresses and strains at the interfaces, and the boundary conditions. To investigate the effects of the finite values of bonding stiffness on the mechanical responses of the plates, numerical evaluations are conducted. The results obtained have shown that the adhesive stiffness has a strong effect on the plate mechanical response. Beyond a certain level of stiffness, the usual assumption of perfect bonding used in classical theories is acceptable. This could provide an answer to what constitutes perfect bonding in terms of the ratio of the inner layer stiffness to the bonding stiffness.
Biocomposites – Biodegradable – Bond – Delamination – Interlayer – Plates
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37679_a4c14aa99b9f54451a2a068944d78e22.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Simulation and analysis of hot forging process for industrial locking gear elevators
M.
Maarefdoust
M.
Kadkhodayan
Abstract:In this paper hot forging process for industrial locking gear elevators is simulated and analyzed. An increase in demand of industrial locking gear elevators with better quality and lower price caused the machining process to be replaced by hot forging process. Production of industrial locking gear elevators by means of hot forging process is affected by many parameters such as billet temperature, geometry of die and geometry of pre-formatted billet. In this study the influences of billet temperature on effective plastic strain, radius of die corners on internal stress of billet and thickness of flash on required force of press are investigated by means of computer simulation. Three-dimensional modeling of initial material and die are performed by Solid Edge, while simulation and analysis of forging are performed by Super Forge. Based on the computer simulation the required dies are designed and the work pieces are formed. Comparison of simulation results with experimental data demonstrates great compatibility.
locking gear
Finite volume method
computer simulation
Forging
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37680_8d2a57dce8a30376bca4be7e816b6b93.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Engineering Of Hybrid Composite/ Intermetallic Al-Fe-Si Fibers For Structural Materials Applications
Bakr
Rabeeh
Abstract:A ternary intermetallic compound poses even greater production difficulties, since three elements have to be mixed intimately, instead of two, for the product to be uniform in chemical composition. Furthermore, the three elements must react simultaneously to prevent binary intermetallics forming by reaction between only two of the elements. This paper presents some interesting results obtained in making a ternary Al–Fe–Si intermetallic by exothermic synthesis from its elements. The production method used is a direct metal oxidation, DIMOX, technique. Liquid state processing technique is applied to generate metal matrix composite materials utilizing Al-Si-Mg alloy. Al-Si-Mg alloy is direct metal oxidized, DIMOX, in oxidizing atmosphere at different oxidizing temperatures from 750 oC to 1100 oC. The commencement of oxidized aluminum established with the formation of aluminum oxide Al2O3 at 920 oC. The effect of -Fe addition in Al-Si-Mg alloy is confirmed within aluminum solid solution as well as within alumina matrix at different ranges of oxidizing temperatures. It is shown that however the technique established with aluminum alloy reinforced with alumina, a new emerging ternary Al-Fe-Si intermetallic established in short fibers. Randomly aligned fibers, self-propagating high temperature synthesis of Al-Fe-Si intermetallic compound established in aluminum matrix as well as in alumina matrix. Exothermic reaction established close to 750 °C onset temperature for Fe powder and aluminum mixes. The effect of iron content ranging from 1 to 5 volume % dominates the occurrence of Al–Fe–Si intermetallic fibers in aluminum alloy direct oxidized at different temperatures and holding times. The results investigated in the as-cast state using scanning electricity microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). A hybrid composite established with aluminum metal matrix reinforced with alumina particulate as well as short randomly aligned intermetallic fibers.
Intermetallic
Composite
micro and microstructure
Direct Metal Oxidation [DIMOX]
2010
05
01
1
13
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37682_f6bcf3ec707f5fcf570b8cb2756f638a.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Macroscopic and Microscopic Aspects Observed in Composite Processing For Shape Memory Alloy
Bakr
Rabeeh
Abstract:Brass-Al-Brass foils hot isostatically pressed, HIPPed, at solid state for lamellar composite processing. However, it resolves lamellar composite structures, macroscopic and microscopic evidence of shape memory, SMA, alloys are established. The arrangement and architectural behavior of metal matrix composite introduced, however it has a potential effect on the final structure. Ply number as well as design assembly are dominant for either lamellar metal matrix composite or delocalized shape memory alloy embedded within composite structure. This phenomenon is rarely observed in lamellar composite processing or in Cu Zn Al SMA. The macrostructurall analysis performed on the HIPPed structures showed the possibilities for the application of this technique in copper based shape memory alloy. Microstructural observations resolved not only a good interface for bulk joints, but dominant zone of interest ( clear interphase, copper inriched zones, aluminum inriched zones as well as copper-zinc-alumin shape memory ply). Parametric study of a hot isostatic pressing approach in a solid state processing is conducted for the assessment of a new emerging Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy delocalized and embedded within lamellar structure. The interphase kinetic of Cu-Zn-Al metal matrix composite as well as effect of alloying elements on composite processing are introduced. Microstructure characterization established with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EDX. The results showed that very regular delocalized enriched zones of interests could be obtained in a composite having an interphase morphology and relative percent of alloying elements. Microstructural and compositional analyses on composite specimens showed symmetrical and uniform delocalized microstructure. In this way the possibility of formation of Cu-Zn-Al system either with or without lamellar composite structure processing through the proposed low-cost process is clearly demonstrated. This alloy is produced through a recently proposed HIPing process, which consists mainly of a controlled lamellar architecture in a solid state processing.
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37684_f1c8e623db71ed42b45ae6c43967c3b3.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Finite Element Analysis of Fatigue Damage of Composite Laminated Structures under Stochastic Loading
Moutaz
Hegaze
M.
Abo El-Dahab
Abstract:Composite materials are increasingly believed to be the materials of the future with potential for application in high performance structures. One of the reasons for that is the indication that composite materials have a rather good rating with regard to life time in fatigue. The present paper comprises theoretical and experimental research into the implementation of composite materials in structure applications. A finite element derivation was introduced based on Mindline theory to carry out stress analysis on different types of structures. Experimental measurements were carried out with two different types of composite materials, carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy in order to obtain fatigue life diagrams (S/N diagrams) to be used for the fatigue damage assessment. Fatigue damage assessments were developed to predict the fatigue behavior of laminated structures based on damage by crack initiation under random load. A computer program was built based on the proposed finite element theory to carry out the previous analyses. The validation of the developed program for some analyses such as stress analysis and fatigue analysis was successfully achieved using a number of composite case studies.
Random load
Composite materials
Fatigue damage
Stochastic Loading
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37686_f28b99929918beb8790111fa308fb452.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Fatigue-Life Distributions and Failure Probability for Fiber- Reinforced Composite Beams
M.
Abo- El khier
A.
Hamada
A.
Bahei El- Deen
Abstract:There has been an upsurge in the application of composite materials in the last few decades, due to high demands on their performance in many applications. Most of these applications include the situations where degradation of strength and life by fatigue process is most likely. In this investigation, plane bending fatigue tests have been conducted on glass/ polyester composite laminates with various lamina orientations to investigate fatigue behavior. It has been observed that the probabilistic distribution of fatigue-life of glass-fiber reinforced composites, at a particular stress level, can be modeled by two-parameter Weibull distribution, with high statistical co-relation coefficient. Two methods have been used to obtain the parameters of Weibull distribution. The two-parameter Weibull distribution has also been employed to incorporate failure probability into S–N relationships. For all considered composite laminates, different modes of failure are observed at low and high fatigue stress levels, which establish different damage mechanisms. The results revealed that higher shape parameters are observed at higher stress levels with less scatter in the fatigue-life data indicating a more uniform damage mechanism.
Fatigue
composites
Failure Probability
Weibull distribution
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37690_1350999e3bbdf14a584b847a9cf372ba.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Bones adaptive loading mechanism
M.
Abo-Elnor
M.
Abo_Elkhair
A.
Radi
Abstract:The skeleton in human being represents the infrastructure of the whole body. God; the biggest designer ever; has considered all the miss use of human being to their body. This skeleton consists of sets of functional bone arrangements; linked and working together with the ligaments and muscles. These linkages represent sometime a cantilever; others simulate closed and open linkage systems. But in general, we confidently say that all structures are all stable, represent an equilibrium state when free or loaded. Even though; the day movements and hard duties carried out by man adds more and more over stresses to this skeleton. Many references have handled the case of stress distribution, stress waves propagation and attenuation in these mechanisms [7, 8], but none of them has reached the concrete evidence to assure the complete knowledge revealing the clue; how this sophisticated structure withstands overloading that some times exceeds what the similar solid metal structures resist.
2010
05
01
1
13
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37692_cc8510ffe8a93225e02f16729bfa17a3.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Effect of Orthopaedic Stem Design on Femur Stress_Shielding
M.
Abo-Elnor
M.
Abo_Elkhair
A.
Radi
Abstract:Total joint replacement has become a widely accepted treatment for many destructive joint diseases including osteoarthritis and severe pathologic fractures. Of total joint replacements, the hip is one of the most commonly replaced joints. Hip stem design varies from long to short, thick to thin and matt to smooth. In this study the effect of hip stem length on bone remodeling after surgery which knows as stress-shielding effect was analyzed using a finite element technique. Results show that stress-shielding introduced when using long-stem hip is extended that that of using short-stem hip in a total hip replacement.
Femur stress-shielding
Biomechanics
Femur modeling
cemented hip implant
2010
05
01
1
7
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37694_9e08cfee74e73058463145da567b7da3.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) Techniques Applied to Hip Implant
M.
Abo-Elnor
M.
Abo_Elkhair
A.
Radi
Abstract:Methods to predict contact stresses in femoral prostheses can provide an improved understanding of load distribution. The objectives of this study is to apply advanced computer aided engineering techniques (CAE) for predicting stress transfer to femur after implantation of standard and short femoral stems (Proxima stem). A perspective three-dimensional geometry model for the femoral bone using subject-specific geometry from X-ray computed tomography image data (CTI) is used to create 3D CAD model. Forces acting on the femur in different gait regimes were reviewed and compared while loaded with standard and then with Proxima stem. And finally a developed finite element analysis model based on the created CAD model with forces acting on both femurs loaded with standard and Proxima stem is analyzed.
Computer aided engineering
Biomechanics
Femur modeling
Implant
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37699_f15ec5e4bae0452e55c78ba892df9861.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Laser-induced photoacoustic imaging for breast cancer detection using multivariate image analysis.
Yasser
Elsharkawy
W.
Hussein
Mohamed
Abbass
Abstract:Time-resolved photoacoustic imaging has been used to characterize breast tissue for the purpose of discriminating between normal and maligned areas of the tissue. Ultrasonic thermoelastic waves were generated in breast tissue by the absorption of nanosecond laser pulses at 193 nm produced by Q-switched Excimer laser in conjunction with a Michelson interferometer used to detect the thermoelastic waves and plot the 2-D and the 3-D image through IR- CCD. The concepts behind the use of photo-acoustic techniques for off-line detection of breast cancer tumor features were presented in earlier research papers [1][2]. This paper illustrates the application of multivariate image analysis (MIA) techniques to detect the presence of tumor features of breast cancer. MIA is used to rapidly detect the presence and quantity of common tumor features as they scanned by an RGB camera. Multiway principal component analysis is used to decompose the acquired three-channel tumor images into a two dimensional principal components (PC) space. Masking score point clusters in the score space and highlighting corresponding pixels in the image space of the two dominant PCs enables isolation of tumor defect pixels based on contrast and color information. The technique provides a qualitative result that can be used for early tumor detection. The proposed technique can potentially be used on-line to prescreen the existence of tumors through vision based systems.
Mul Photoacoustic imaging
Characterizing
Breast
Tumor detection
Multivariate image analysis
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37700_188f7aa3d9a1f8e65bc1a6e73f3661c6.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
The Effect of Crystallization and Ion Exchange to the SLS Glass for High-Strength Transparent Bulletproof Materials
Gyu-In
Shim
Jaemin
Lim
Hee-Jae
Kim
Se-Young
Choi
Abstract:A transparent bulletproof materials of soda-lime-silicate(SLS) glass has been ballistically tested after impacting by 5.45mm AK-74 steel core projectiles at distance of 50 meters. The thickness of satisfaction on bulletproof test was about 30mm. For application of transparent bulletproof materials, the SLS glass was heated by crystallization and ion exchange. The Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength of crystallized SLS glass was about 704Hv, 0.9409MPa∙m1/2, and 452MPa which is about 24%, 31%, 201% higher than parent SLS glass, respectively. The vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength of ion exchanged SLS glass was about 657Hv, 0.7337MPa∙m1/2, and 791MPa which is about 16%, 2%, 430% higher than parent SLS glass, respectively. Transmittance of heat treated and SLS glass was decreased slightly at the visible range. The results prove that light-weight bullet proof can be fabricated by crystallization and ion exchange technique of SLS glass.
SLS glass
crystallization
ion exchange
bulletproof
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37701_f3e4ad16aa0f4c84ba133efc4154fb15.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
A Study of High-Strength Borosilicate Glass by Crystallization and Ion Exchange for Bulletproof Materials
Gyu-In
Shim
Jaemin
Lim
Se-Young
Choi
Abstract:For application in light-weight bulletproof glass, the borosilicate glass was strengthened by ion exchange and crystallization. Basically, the mechanical properties of borosilicate glass were better than soda-lime-silicate (SLS) glass. Properties of ion exchanged glass heated at different conditions were measured. The Vickers hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of ion exchanged samples were 821.8 Hv, 1.3404 MPa∙m1/2, and 953 MPa, which is about 120%, 180%, and 450% higher than parent borosilicate glass, respectively. The borosilicate glass was heated by 2-step crystallization. As a result, the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of crystallized samples were 735.7 Hv, 1.0779 MPa∙m1/2, and 493 MPa, which is about 17%, 45%, and 149% higher than parent borosilicate glass, respectively. The results prove that light-weight bullet proof can be fabricated by ion exchange technique of borosilicate glass. The mechanical properties of borosilicate glass were increasing with additions of ZrO2 (until 7.5 wt. %). Transmittance of ion exchanged and crystallized borosilicate glasses were decreased slightly at the visible range.
Borosilicate glass
crystallization
ion exchange
bulletproof
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37702_88827d837ffeeebe6bc932ae6a696e46.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Synthesis Aluminum Borate Ceramic
S.
Kenawy
Abstract:Aluminum borates synthesized via a precipitation process. Aluminum nitrate and calcium hexaboride (CaB6) as a source of B2O3 were used. Various proportions of aluminum nitrate were mixed with CaB6 powder and to solution of ammonium hydroxide. The resulting mixtures were evaporated and calcined up to 650oC. Porous ceramic with a framework structure of aluminum borate whiskers was in situ synthesized by firing the green compact bodies up to 1400oC under Ar gas avoiding the oxidation of the CaB6. The structure and morphology were investigated by XRD and SEM. The results indicate that whiskers exhibit a well-crystallized structure with an average diameter distribution about 500 nm and lengths ranging from 5 to 8 μm. Porous aluminum borate ceramic consisted of whiskers with a porosity of 9 – 21% for samples sintered up to 1400oC. Increasing the sintering temperature up to 1500oC and CaB6 addition (15wt.%) deteriorated both the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of the ceramic bodies.
whiskers
ceramic
aluminum borate
flexural strength
elasticity
2010
05
01
1
8
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37703_0377843be1cfe45e906ad2c1b2a38b4d.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Phase field simulation of ferroelectrics with defect
X.
Zhao
A.
Soh
Abstract:By employing a dipole defect model, two-dimensional phase field simulations of domain switching in the crack tip vicinity of a crack embedded in a relaxor ferroelectric single crystal subjected to mechanical loading were carried out. The interaction between the dipole defects and crack, and the influence of the dipole defect concentration density on the switching process has been investigated. Comparison of the results obtained from normal and relaxor ferroelectrics showed that for the latter the polarization switching in the vicinity of the crack tip was suppressed and the field distribution was not symmetric to the crack surface, which was different from those of the former. These were due to the interaction between the dipole defects and crack, and the inhomogeneous field induced by dipole defects. Moreover, the polarization switching rate and switching zone area decreased with the increase of dipole defect concentration density.
Normal ferroelectric
relaxor ferroelectric
phase field simulation
domain switching
crack
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_37704_7fff390e82cfe438ec596ef58bdbe7a2.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Dynamic Analysis of A Modified Truck Chassis
R.
Hoseini
M.
Forouzan
Abstract:The paper investigates the vibration characteristics of the truck chassis including the natural frequencies and mode shapes. When the truck travels along the road, the truck chassis is excited by dynamic forces caused by the road roughness, engine, transmission and more. Modal analysis using Finite Element Method(FEM) can be used to determine natural frequencies and mode shapes. In this study, the modal analysis has been accomplished by the commercial finite element packaged ANSYS. The model has been simulated with appropriate accuracy and with considering the effect of bolted and riveted joints. The chassis has been altered by some companies for use in municipal service(street sweepers) and it raises the question: Are natural frequencies of the modified chassis in suitable range? After constructing finite element model of chassis and appropriate meshing with shell elements, model has been analysed and first 30 frequencies has been expanded. In addition, the relationship between natural frequencies and engine operating speed has been explained. Finally advantages of the modified chassis which leads to the increase of the natural frequencies and placing them in the appropriate range has been discussed.
Vibration
Truck chassis
Dynamic
Modal analysis
Shell elements
2010
05
01
1
7
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38107_1298ed0eccfbdf9ec5e48d8f52db9683.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Frequency Response of 10 Degrees of Freedom Model For Vehicle Dynamics
Nasser
Abdel-aziem
Galal
Hassan
Abstract:A mathematical model for a full vehicle dynamic system of 10 degrees of freedom is derived using Lagrange’s equation. The model is used to simulate the vibration response of the vehicle according to a road having sinusoidal disturbance for vehicle speed up to 200 km/hr. All the vehicle natural frequencies are evaluated. The vibration level of the driver and passengers are computed at different vehicle speeds and compared with the recommended values according to ISO 2631 standards.
Vehicle dynamics – mathematical model – frequency response – ISO 2631
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38108_c02ed37b9f1765af64936b20b618d93a.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Evaluation of wind noise emitted from vehicle windows
Essam
Allam
Abstract:The characteristics of the wind noise radiated from vehicle windows of a passenger car depend on its shape, cruising speed, wind direction towards the vehicle and the natural wind condition. For these factors, the vehicle shape is the most important controllable factor. The exterior shape, which significantly affects the wind noise, is decided in the early design stage of the actual vehicle development process. A vehicle driver may be particularly annoyed at open-windows conditions. Thus, a measurement campaign has been carried out in order to characterize the aerodynamic noise generated by air flows through vehicle windows. Noise levels have been measured at the driver ears by varying vehicle speed and driver-side window opened area. Experimental results have shown that the noise is mainly depending on the following physical parameters: vehicle speed, car internal volume, and window open area that creates large pressure differences between the inside and outside of the car. The Light hill acoustic analogy is employed to estimate the far field wind noise
Aerodynamic noise
Wind noise
Noise source
2010
05
01
1
7
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38114_d7babed4940521a32fc578157b378a44.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
BALLISTIC RESISTANCE OF SINGLE AND MULTI-LAYERED METALLIC TARGETS
M.
Abdel-Wahed
A.
Riad
A.
Salem
A.
Zidan
ABSTRACTNormal penetration of armor-piercing projectiles into single and multi-layered steel targets has been investigated. An experimental program has been conducted to study the ballistic resistance of single as well as spaced and in-contact layered targets. Armor piercing projectiles, 7.62 mm in caliber were used. Projectile impact velocities ranged from 300 to 600 m/s, whereas the total thicknesses of the tested single, spaced and in-contact layered steel targets were 3 mm. The penetration process of different tested target configurations has been simulated using Autodayn-2D hydrocode. In addition, the data of projectiles and the different tested targets were fed into the analytical model developed by Liaghat et al. [1], who studied the penetration of conical projectiles into multi-layered metallic targets.The experimental measurements of the present work were used to discuss the effect of impact velocity, target configuration and number of layers of different spaced and in-contact layered steel targets on their ballistic resistance. In addition, post-firing examination of the tested targets over the used impact velocity range showed that the single and each layer of spaced and in-contact laminated steel targets failed by petalling. Finally, the obtained experimental measurements were compared with the corresponding predicted results of Autodyn-2D hydrocode and the analytical model of Ref. [1], respectively; good agreement was generally obtained.
Penetration
multi-layered targets
ballistic resistance
Terminal ballistics
dynamic plasticity
and numerical simulation
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38115_d60aa1ca73594787cd3bd06e05f4d8b2.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF PROEJECTILE PENETRATION INTO CERAMIC/STEEL TARGETS
H.
Abou-Elela
A.
Riad
A.
Fayed
ABSTRACTIn this paper, Autodyn-2D hydrocode is used to simulate the penetration process of a small caliber projectile into a ceramic tile with finite thickness backed by a semi-infinite 4340 steel armor. Input data to the code are those used by Reaugh, et al. [1]. These data include six types of ceramic material, projectile material and 4340 semi-infinte steel armor, respectively. The ceramic material types are: Alumina with purity 85 and 96%, respectively, Boron Carbide, Aluminium Nitride, Silicon Carbide and Titanium Diboride. Each tile thickness of a ceramic material type is backed by a 4340 steel semi-infinite armor to form a bi-element target; each target is impacted by a tungesten alloy projectile having a certain velocity in the range from 1300 to 1750 m/s. The main procedures used to simulate the penetration process are introduced.The obtained numerial results of Autodyn-2D are compared with the corresponding experimental measurments of Ref. [1]; good agreement is generally obtained. In addition, samples of the time histories predicted by the hydrocode are presented, together with pertinent analyses and discussions. Finally, It is concluded that the Autodyn-2D hydrocode is a useful tool in designing and evaluating the ballistic efficiency of a bi-element target when encountering a certain threat.
Bi-element targets
Ceramics
Penetration
Erosion
ceramic/metal targets
semi- infinite targets
AUTODYN
Numerical simulation
2010
05
01
1
21
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38117_6c4b87ec13b246de5ba4979f194313c3.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Computational Techniques for Calculation of Missile Aerodynamic Coefficients
Mandour,
F.
Mahmoud,
K
Abdalla,
M
Abstract:Studying the flow over bodies of revolution is crucial to the design of missiles and obtaining the correct shape which has a large impact on the performance of the missile. Three-dimensional flow simulation over a body of revolution were carried out in order to obtain flow field parameters for different angles of attack namely -4.09, -2.04, 2.06, 4.11, 6.17 and 12.41˚ at Mach number of 0.5 (subsonic) and of -4.34, -2.15, 2.17, 4.37, 8.87, and 13.6˚ at Mach number of 1.2 ( transonic flow conditions). The software FLUENT with its prepressor GAMBIT were used to model a missile of known geometry. The Computational Fluid dynamics results were validated with a pre-published experimental data measured by a wind tunnel [1] The validated model was used to examine Magnus effect on the spinning missile which improves the effect of the high spinning rate on the side force affecting the missile body.
CFD
Aerodynamic
Magnus effect
2010
05
01
1
19
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38119_863553baeb3250cfd27b03427922d903.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
BALLISTIC RESISTANCE OF WOVEN FABRIC COMPOSITES
M.
Abdel-Fattah
A.
Riad
A.
Fayed
ABSTRACTIn this paper, the response of woven fabric composites against ballistic impact has been investigated using the analytical model of Ref. [1]. This model is based on energy transfer between the projectile and the target and requires mechanical and fracture properties as well as geometry of target and projectile parameters as input. The main assumptions considered in the analytical model are presented. The equations used for predicting the dissipated energy mechanisms during the ballistic perforation of woven fabric composites are also presented. The governing equations of the model are arranged and compiled into a MATLAB program. The present model predicts the projectile energy loss during the ballistic perforation of woven fabric composites and the corresponding reduction in projectile velocity. The present model is adapted to predict the ballistic resistance of multi-layered textile targets.Furthermore, an experimental program has been conducted to study the normal perforation of a 9 mm projectile into multi-layered textile and woven fabric composites. This program is concerned with the determination of ballistic resistance for a set of targets, consisting of multi-layered twaron and E-glass textiles, twaron/epoxy and E-glass/epoxy composites with different thicknesses. Ballistic measurements are compared with the model predictions; good agreement is generally obtained. The obtained predicted results prove the capability of the analytical model in predicting the response of multi-layered textile and woven fabric composite targets, respectively, when impacted by 9 mm projectile.
ballistic impact
woven fabric
wave theory
energy absorbing mechanisms
and residual velocity
2010
05
01
1
18
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38121_e29f310aff36528bd8b90b686f53d373.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
BIODIESEL FROM SEABUCKTHORN OIL
R.
DINESH
S.
VARUN SHANKAR
Abstract:The world is confronted with the twin crises of fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation. Hence it is necessary to look for alternative fuels, which can be produced from materials available within the country. Although vegetable oils can be fuel for diesel engines, their high viscosities, low volatilities and poor cold flow properties have led to the investigation of their various derivatives. Among the different possible sources, fatty acid methyl esters, known as Biodiesel fuel derived from triglycerides (vegetable oil and animal fates) by transesterification with methanol, present the promising alternative substitute to diesel fuels and have received the most attention now a days. The main advantages of using Biodiesel are its renewability, better quality exhaust gas emission, its biodegradability and the organic carbon present in it is photosynthetic in origin. It does not contribute to a rise in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and consequently to the green house effect. Here we use sea-buckthorns (Hippophae L). Oils from sea-buckthorn seeds and pulp differ considerably in fatty acid composition. While linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid are the major fatty acids in seed oil, sea buckthorn pulp oil contains approximately 65% combination of the monounsaturated fatty acid, palmitoleic acid, saturated fatty acid and palmitic acid. It has low viscosity among vegetable oils. Due to low acidic value we use base catalyst, activated calcium oxide.
seabuckthorn
hippophae L
low viscosity
activated calcium oxide
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38124_714188e9fe446566ebf6a2e26baa54f2.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Thermoeconomic Optimization for A Co-Generation Plant Based on Productive Structure Technique
A.
Gomaa
A.
El-Dib
I.
Afefy
Abstract:In this paper, thermoeconomic optimization method based on productive structure technique is applied to a co-generation plant. The co-generation plant consists of a water-tube boiler, steam turbine, feed-water pump, deaerator, condenser, process-heaters and condensate tank. Global optimization of the whole plant is carried out based on separated local optimizations of different main components. The local optimization technique requires thermoeconomic and mathematical models. The results show that the boiler efficiency increases from 81% for the initial (normal) operating conditions to 90.48% for the optimum ones. On the other hand, the process-air heater efficiency increases from 63 % to 64.5% for the optimum operating conditions. Moreover, as a global result, about 11.53 % of the total product cost for all components of the plant is reduced when using optimum operating conditions other than normal ones.
Thermoeconomic Optimization
Productive Structure
Product Cost
2010
05
01
1
19
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38128_5304e86289231ced860caad70964ce4e.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Performance Optimization of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine With Mechanism of Blade Pitch Control
Stanislav
Dovgy
Volodymyr
Кaian
Oleksy
Lebid
Abstract:The paper deals with determining the effect of periodic variation of blade pitch of vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) model with straight blades on its power and momentum characteristics. The model experiment has been carried out in a hydrotray for small VAWT models. Performance of VAWT models with rigidly fixed blades to crosspieces of wind turbine model and with two various control mechanism of blades on trajectory of their circular movement are determined. The ability of VAWT with controlled blades to self-starting at quite slow incident flows is shown. The possibility of a double increase of power coefficient and torque coefficient are shown.
vertical axis wind turbine
VAWT model
control mechanism
blade pitch
torque
power coefficient
tip speed ratio
2010
05
01
1
9
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38131_c8e834c67fe5b11613fc4883e92bb36b.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Numerical Prediction of the Critical Velocity for Forced Ventilation Road Tunnel
N.
Khadour
A.
ElMaihy
A.
Ibrahim
S.
Elshamarka
Abstract:Reliable design of tunnel ventilation system requires knowledge of fire-induced smoke behaviour. The critical velocity to prevent upstream smoke propagation in the event of a tunnel fire is an important parameter in the design process of a ventilation system. The current techniques for prediction of the values of the critical velocity are mainly based on semi-empirical equations. These equations are obtained from the Froude number preservation combined with available experimental data. Full-scale experimental test programs are expensive which stimulates the application of numerical simulation to these design problems. Simulated full-scale point supply ventilation system of Memorial Tunnel in USA is investigated. Three-dimensional simulation of smoke flow in the tunnel is carried out using FLUENT 6.3.The model includes component models for turbulence, fire, radiation heat transfer, and smoke production. The impact of fire size on critical velocity is investigated. The findings from the numerical simulations supported the published results of experimental test program and also the three semi-empirical correlations found in literature. This suggests that the simulation techniques can be used with confidence to predict the critical ventilation velocity for large-scale tunnels. Moreover, it recommends the point supply ventilation system as a competitive alternative for conventional longitudinal ventilation system.
Road tunnel
Ventilation
Point supply
Critical velocity and Simulation
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38139_1493b6555a554563685779166cf1bf8b.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Simulation of Solar Desalination System Operating at Reduced Pressure
Elsayed
Allam
Ayman
Ibrahim
Salman
Elshamarka
Abstract:The increase of population worldwide makes the availability of fresh water an important issue especially for developing countries. Fortunately, most of the developing countries are characterized by a high intensity of solar radiation. The solar desalination using the free energy supply from the sun is promising option to reduce the operating cost for the desalination plant. In this study a simulation of water desalination system using solar energy and operates at sub-atmospheric pressure is presented. The system consists of a solar basin connected to an air cooled condenser and utilizes natural means-atmospheric pressure and gravity-to develop a vacuum condition. The system requires simple technology with less number of problems and can be used anywhere as low maintenance and no skilled workers are needed. The simulation results under the meteorological conditions of Cairo, Egypt indicated significant improvements in the system efficiency and daily water productivity of the present system compared with conventional solar techniques.
Desalination
solar energy
Sub-atmospheric pressure
Egypt climate and Simulation
2010
05
01
1
20
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38143_bc5cb6c5a58554054b6313c90c084258.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Comparative Study of Point Supply/Exhaust Ventilation Systems of Road Tunnel using Numerical Simulation
N.
Khadour
A.
ElMaihy
A.
Ibrahim
S.
Elshamarka
Abstract:This study presents a numerical simulation, using FLUENT ver. 6.3, for a point supply ventilation system (PSVS) of full-scale road tunnel. The conducted simulations are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the ventilation system by analyzing the numerical predictions of temperature, visibility and CO concentration fields for different sizes of tunnel fire namely; 5, 10, 20 and 40 MW. Numerical simulations predicted the overall flow field and gave valuable estimates of the temperatures, visibility and CO distribution throughout the tunnel. The hazard areas are determined according to environmental limitations established by National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) of United States. A comparison of PSVS and point exhaust ventilation system (PEVS) is also carried out to predict the hazard areas in the tunnel for both systems. The PEVS accomplishes NFPA limitations almost for all fire sizes. While, PSVS fails to do at fire sizes higher than 5 MW. These conclusions are true for the range of fire sizes and tunnel configuration considered in this study. The results of the study suggest the use of multiple openings at different locations on the tunnel ceiling and according to the fire location; one or more opening (the closest to the fire location) can be chosen to operate.
Road tunnel
Ventilation
Point supply
Point exhaust
and numerical simulation
2010
05
01
1
16
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38146_7b2d16094a6ffaa37fdcba83263b6bf7.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Effect of pretreatment using ultrasonic technique with Sic or Al2O3 on high temperature oxidation behavior of the FeCrAl
Darwin
Sebayang
Pudji
Untoro
Yanuandri
Putrasari
Abstract:High surface area with catalyst was the most required in the catalytic converter due to the harmful gas emission reduction effectively. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to show the effect of pretreatment using ultrasonic technique with SiC or Al2O3 on high temperature oxidation behavior of the FeCrAl. The pretreatment conducted by agitating the FeCrAl in the methanol solution consisting of SiC or Al2O3 followed with ultrasonic process. Nickel electroplating used for deposited nickel as catalyst application. Oxidation test then were carried out and the morphology of oxidized specimens was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The pretreatment using ultrasonic technique with SiC on FeCrAl continued nickel electroplating exhibited the highest oxidation resistance compared to Al2O3. The pretreatment using ultrasonic with SiC or Al2O3 provides roughness on FeCrAl surface which is influenced to the nickel electroplating homogenity and stability. The pretreatment using ultrasonic with SiC shows the nickel electroplating deposition more homogeneous and stable so that better high temperature oxidation resistance.
Pretreatment
Sic
Al2O3
Ultrasonic
Oxidation
FeCrAl
2010
05
01
1
8
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38153_208dffb7c4186f98914b6a276e44744a.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Microstructural Evolution of porous biomorphous WC and SiC Ceramics
M.
Awaad
S.
Kenawy
M.
El-Kherbawi
S.
Naga
Abstract:A novel way of synthesizing pure WC as well as SiC powders by in situ carbo-thermal reaction of sugar cane and tungstic acid or Si is presented. Tungsten and silicon carbide bodies were sintered at 1450oC under vacuum. The preparation process, catalytic activity, microstructure, and phase composition of the prepared bodies were investigated and characterized. The resultant WC and SiC architecture showed a homogeneous fine-grained microstructure and good distribution of closed pores. The WC bodies exhibit high activity for dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to cyclohexene with selectivity of 96% at 200° to 350°C.
composites
biogenic
Microstructure
WC
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38158_161394427f118158769505379886b8ef.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
NEW TRENDS IN CERAMIC PROCESSING FOR ARMOR APPLICATIONS
M.
Ibrahim
S.
Naga
M.
Awaad
A.
Fayed
M.
Younes
Y.
El-Shaer
Abstract: Advanced technology efforts towards the development and processing of light weight armor material fitted for personnel protection lead to toughned ceramic materials. Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) (Al2O3 5 % wt. Y-PSZ reinforced with 10 % wt. of SiC particulates) ceramic matrix composite has been characterized with respect to its densification, room temperature mechanical properties, phase composition and microstructure. It was found that the composite could be densified at a temperature as low as 1575 oC by liquid phase sintering. A bending strength of 120 MPa was obtained for 75 % wt. Al2O3 , 10 % wt. ZrO2, 10 % wt. SiC, 5% wt. Y2O3 and 1% add on weight MgO composite. Lower sintering temperature was beneficial to the retention of tetragonal ZrO2 phase at room temperature. The results indicate that liquid phase sintering has a potential advantage in the fabrication cost and room temperature mechanical properties. A complete protection against 7.62x39 AP (armor piercing projectile) with muzule velocity 740 m/sec was achieved using the above composite with area density 48 kg/m2, this area density enable this composite to replace armored steel in bothe personnel and light armored vehicles.
Zirconia Toughned Alumina
ZTA
ceramic matrix composite (CMCs)
ceramic armor materials
phase transformation toughning mechanisms
phase composition and microstructure
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38166_df495d22351f9afbb16661f6d58bbe86.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Synthesis and Characterization of Laminated Si/SiC Composites
S.
Naga
S.
Kenawy
M.
Awaad
H.
Abd El-Wahab
P.
Greil
M.
Abdir
Abstract:Laminated Si/SiC ceramics were synthesized from porous preforms of biogenous carbon impregnated with Si slurry at a temperature of 1500oC for 2 hours. Due to the capillarity infiltration with Si, both intrinsic micro- and macrostructure in the carbon preform were retained within the final ceramics. The SEM micrographs indicate that the final material exhibits a distinguished laminar structure with successive Si/SiC layers. The produced composites show weight gain of ≈ 5% after heat treatment in air at 1300 oC for 50 h. The produced bodies could be used as high temperature gas filters as indicated from the permeability results.
Laminates
Si/SiC composites
Microstructure
Permeability
oxidation resistance
2010
05
01
1
15
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38189_729e6ca7aa0dea49892e68db7c61e2db.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Interactive Real-Time Driving Simulator For Vehicle Systems Design and Prototyping Process
A.
Sharaf
M.
Asfoor
A.
Medhat
Abstract:This paper presents an interactive driving simulator which is recently developed at the Military Technical College in Cairo. The simulator integrates a full vehicle model and a fully instrumented simulator cabin with the driver/researcher. The vehicle model signifies the vehicle dynamics in longitudinal, lateral and vertical directions through fourteen second-order differential equations. All necessary models for virtual representation of both the vehicle and the proving ground are carried out and integrated with the models of dynamics. The models are carried out in modular and generic forms which provide the advantage of implying the simulator for any vehicle by feeding the codes with the appropriate data. The driver reactions are measured real-time through the simulator cabin which embodies the main vehicle controllers like steering wheel, pedals and shift levers. A data acquisition system is used to digitally update the numerical models with the driver inputs. The output from simulation is instantaneously displayed via plasma screen through which the driver can monitor the vehicle motion and provide the necessary feedback. Different applications can be employed like vehicle assessment and different vehicle subsystems design e.g. suspension, drive-train system …etc.
Vehicle Dynamics & Modelling
Vehicle performance
Driving Simulator
Virtual reality
2010
05
01
1
10
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38209_b5a2c8a9d4e4bdda1b2efbd7331b4fc9.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Modeling of Hydro-gas Unit for Ground Vehicles Suspension
H.
Hammad
I.
Elsherif
A.
Salem
A.
Zidan
ABSTRACT: Nowadays, the hydro-gas suspension unit is currently used as a part of suspension system of modern vehicles. This paper aims to evaluate the working characteristics of hydro-gas suspension unit. The theoretical study includes modeling of the hydro gas suspension unit and validation of the developed model using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The experimental measurements are carried out to validate the results obtained from simulation. The unit force, created inside the hydro gas unit during its action, includes the elastic and damping forces and Variation of these forces with displacement and velocity of moving part. This variation is used as input parameters in the equation of oscillation of vehicle hull to study its vibrational response. The obtained results show that the unit force depends mainly on the displacement and velocity of moving parts of hydro-gas unit. In addition, the results show that the effect of amplitude and frequency at small working range has a negligible influence on the unit force.
2010
05
01
1
8
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38210_f71ae6508813cc81f0d53a1a46478b24.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Vibrational Response of Tracked Vehicles with Variable Suspension Characteristics
M.
Ragheb
A.
Salem
A.
Zidan
Abstract: Evaluation of tracked vehicles vibrational response depends mainly on the design and quality of suspension system. Suspension of tracked vehicles comprises torsion bars, shock absorbers, axle arms and road wheels stroke limiters. The most effective parameters of vehicle suspension are suspension stiffness and shock absorber damping coefficient. This paper presents a theoretical evaluation of tracked vehicles response in case of forced damped vibration and predicts its performance on specific road conditions. The analytical approach estimates the vehicle response with the assumption of linear suspension elements characteristics. MATLAB program was used to predict the vibrational response of tracked vehicles with real suspension characteristics. The vibrational response of the vehicle is estimated by looking for the angular displacement of the longitudinal vibration. The suspension stiffness and damping coefficient of shock absorber are introduced in the equation of motion by their real varying values.
Tracked vehicle
Response
Vibration
damping
rigidity
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38213_c232d6545e27dad695f5bed71fb2522d.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Modeling and Simulation of Tracked Vehicles Suspension
A.
Salem
Abstract: Preserving drive smoothness is one of the basic requirements imposed on tracked vehicles operation. Drive smoothness that depends on design and quality of vehicle suspension is accomplished by minimum vibration of vehicle hull during drive. The excessive vibration arises particularly at high vehicle speed can harm the operation of vehicle crew and stability of vehicle equipment. In the present paper, a full vehicle model is developed with the objective of modeling suspension system dynamic response. The vehicle model involving few degrees of freedom is applied for Armored Personnel Carrier M113 where is Lagrangian principle is used. A computer simulating model for the vehicle suspension is developed in order to evaluate the response of vehicle hull oscillation due to different excitations resulting from movement over irregular roads and due to different vehicle speed. A parametric investigation was carried out using the validated model in order to study the effect of suspension parameters, like suspension stiffness and shock absorber damping coefficient, on vehicle vibrational performance.
Tracked vehicle
suspension
Dynamics
shock absorber
torsion bar
2010
05
01
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38216_b9335c655b26d53ee7401c4314abe88e.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
ELECTRONIC PREDICTION OF VEHICLE MOBILITY ON DEFORMABLE SOIL
H.
Ragheb
N.
Girgis
S.
Hegazy
Abstract:Mobility is the ability to move freely and rapidly over the terrain of interest to accomplish varied off-road objectives. The vehicle weight and its footprint determine the resultant ground pressure that the vehicle imparts on the soil. The soil strength, coupled with the ground pressure, determines vehicle cone index, VCI, which is the key for vehicle mobility. The cone penetrometer is designed to give an index of soil strength where the operator will quickly shift his vision from the rod at the ground to the dial at the proper moment, meanwhile maintaining a constant penetration rate; this may cause an error in reading and recording the results. A comparison of rating cone index RCI with the vehicle cone index VCI indicates whether the vehicle can negotiate the given soil condition for a given number of passes. In this paper an adaptation has been made to the standard cone penetrometer to become an electronic device. The proving ring is replaced with a load cell, and the depth of penetration in soil is measured with displacement transducer sensor. Then the applied force and the sinkage are automatically recorded on a data storage module and processed to obtain the rating cone index (RCI) of different soil. Three interfacing circuits to amplify the out voltage from load cell, displacement transducer and site number selector are designed. In the control unit, the microcontroller is coupled to an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)to store the measured load and sinkage data. It has a capacity sufficient to store the measured data from different 12 sites. For each of them, 256 samples are sensed during test.
Vehicle mobility
Soil testing
Vehicle cone index
cone penetrometer
2010
05
01
1
14
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38218_58beb4626c74c6d46a2f3dd82a68715c.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Tribology of Short Stem Total Hip Replacement (T.H.R)
Ahmed
Radi
Abstract:Tribology is a science concerning with friction, lubrication and wear ofrubbing surfaces. The basic concepts of Tribology include friction,lubrication, wear, radial clearance, sphericity, head diameter andmaterials. Friction is the resistance of sliding between two materials incontact with each other; Friction includes surface and bulk friction.Lubrication effectively reduces the wear between bearing surfaces andincludes 3 types: boundary, mixed and fluid film lubrication. Lambda ratiois the ratio between fluid film thickness and surface roughness. Wear is aprogressive removal of material from prosthesis in the form of particulatedebris and measured either as the mass or volume of material per unit time.Materials used in THA offer the best high performance bearing. Knowledgeof tribological principles allows surgeon to choose the best performancebearings to optimize the function and maximize the survival ship of the hipprosthesis they applied to different patien ts .
2010
05
01
1
1
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38225_a94f4b1cfc97459d9ee832a66ebe0de5.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Technology of Short Stem T.H.R
Gehan
Mekawy
Abstract:Short stemmed-THA is considered as a conservative implant removingminimal amount of bone from the femoral side and favoring physiologicalbone remodeling. These implants avoid stress over load and stress shieldingin the proximal femur. The intent of the design increases the proximal loadtransfer and therefore reduces femoral bone resorption. The geometricall ybased wedge-shaped in both AP and lateral planes of these short stemprosthesis allow immediate stability from multiple points contact of thefemoral stem inserted into a regularly shaped cavity prepared by thesurgeon. Bone mineral density analysis afte r insertion of short stem THAusing DEXA demonstrated no or minimal bone resorption in the proximalfemoral region especially when compared to conventional stems
2010
05
01
1
1
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38226_0654505b3dab0878b37892be956970b2.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Metallurgy of Cement-less T.H.R
Raoof
El-Abbasy
Abstract:Cementless THA represents the biological fixation of hip implants viamicro-mechanical interlock in the host bone. It is mainly indicated in youngactive patients with high demands and in revision THA to avoid inserting arevision stem in dead materials. Knowledge of basic metallurgic terms isessentially in cementless in THA. The stress strain diagram showing elasticand plastic range of deformation is essentially for good understanding ofcementless THR. Also in comparison of mechanical properties of materialsused in THA including modulus of elasticity and fatigue strength is anessential item in choosing the best material for implants used in cementlessTHA.
2010
05
01
1
1
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38229_f441f177988007a998461a7add1a406e.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Preparation and Characterization of Mullite Fiber Reinforced Alumina Matrix.
Salma
Naga
Abstract:In the present study we succeeded in the preparation of short ceramic fiberreinforced alumina matrix composites which posses properties not tailoredby alumina matrix. The composites were fabricated by mechanical mixingof 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% home – made mullite fibers having differentaspect ratios with 95, 90, 85 and 80 wt%alumina matrix powder.The specimens were sintered at temperatures between 1500°C and 1650°C.The ceramic matrix composites were characterized b y determining theirphysical properties in terms of bulk density and apparent porosity as wellas, their phase composition using X-ray diffraction analysis. SEMexamination and mechanical measurement preformed on only high densitysamples from each size fraction and fiber content. It was found that theproperties of the prepared composites depended on the fiber content, thefiber/matrix interface and the fiber diameter. XRD analysis of thecomposites indicates that the fibers did not suffer degradation even whenthey were fired at elevated temperatures.The study showed that it is possible to control the properties of the shortoxide fiber reinforced – alumina matrix composite by controlling thecontent and diameter of the oxide fibers. Under such condition s it is easy totailor the properties to a specific application.
2010
05
01
1
1
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38234_7648e7467fe95e872d4b16bdd36648b7.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Utilizing Stabilized ZrO2 In Armor Applications
Mohamed
Ibrahim
Abstract:Advanced technology efforts toward s the development and processing oflight weight armor material fitted for personnel protection lead to toughnedceramic materials. Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) (Al2O3 5 %wt. YPSZreinforced with 10 % wt. of SiC particulates) ceramic matrixcomposite has been characterized with respect to its densification, roomtemperature mechanical properties, phase composition andmicrostructure.It was found that the composite could be densified at atemperature as low as 1575 oC by liquid phase sintering. A bendingstrength of 120 MPa was obtained for 75 % wt. Al2O3 , 10 % wt. ZrO2, 10% wt. SiC, 5% wt. Y2O3 and 1% add on weight MgO composite . Lowersintering temperature was beneficial to the retention of tetragonal ZrO 2phase at room temperature. The results indicate that liquid phase sinteringhas a potential advantage in the fabrication cost and room tem peraturemechanical properties A complete protection against 7.62x39 AP (armorpiercing projectile) with muzule velocity 750 m/sec was achieved using theabove composite with area density 48 kg/m2, this area density enable thiscomposite to replace armored steel in bothe personnel and light armoredvehicles.
2010
05
01
1
1
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38236_9cdfbd3627e6e8829a7f6d8aed706bd2.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Technology of Production and Testing of Composite Armour Materials
Mahmoud
Saleh
Abstract:ceramic matrix composites have been developed as an importantengineering material for many structural applications and armorprotection. β-spodumene (Li2O·Al2O3·4SiO2) has been used to improve thephysical and mechanical properties of alumina matrix ceramic composites.The results show that the presence of 7.5 wt. % spodumene significantlyreduces the porosity, improves the sintering behaviour and increases themechanical properties of alumina ceramic composites The target consists oftwo-component composite armour, the front facing material is ceramiccomposite tile (alumina / β-spodumene) and the backing material is fiberreinforced polymeric material (S -2 glass reinforced epoxyM-HY956). Numerical simulations (AUTODYN-2D) were used to simulatethe experimental work results, which include normal impact of two types of7.62x39mm ammunition (ball with mild steel penetrator and API ) intoceramic composite armour.Ballistic impact test results show that the manufactured ceramic compositetargets are defeated both the7.62x39mm ball with mild steel penetrator andAPI bullets with areal density range (4.5-5.1 g/cm2).
2010
05
01
1
1
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38238_7880470f3c7e9c1b20fb462aa481263e.pdf
2010-05-01
10.1088/1757-899X/973/1
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
2636-4352
2636-4352
2010
14
14th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
Refractory Ceramics and their Industrial Applications
Mohamed
Serry
Abstract:Traditional and advanced refractory -ceramics or refractories are solidbrittle, polycrystalline, oxide - and/or non-oxide structural ceramicmaterials, mainly applied for thermal insulation of industrial furnaces orkilns. These include varieties of shaped and unshaped, dense andlightweight, granular and fibrous as well as acidic, neutral and basicproducts for application under a wide range of thermo - chemical andmechanical service conditions up to ~1800oC. Therefore, these productsshould withstand effects of service temperatures without loosing th eir shapeand mechanical strength, i.e. volume stability. These should also resistthermal shock (spalling) due to successive heating -cooling cycles as well aswear against thermo- chemical and mechanical attack of the in -contact gas,liquid and solid materials under service conditions. Properties andperformance of the refractory -ceramic products under service conditionsare basically influenced by their chemical and phase composition as well asmicrostructure, crystal structure of the co -existing phases and also theprocesses applied for their manufacture or fabrication.The refractory-ceramic products or refractories are consumed withdifferent rates in lining the different industrial furnaces, equipment andreactors at 800-1800oC. The main refractory consumer is the steel industry(~70%) and the rest is distributed in descending order between Portland -cement and lime, ceramics, including refractories itself, petroleum -refiningand chemical industries, glass and non -ferrous metals (Al, Cu, Zn, Pb, …).Selection criteria for refractory products adequate for application as backand/or face linings of the different parts of these furnaces are mainly basedon their thermo- chemical and mechanical service conditions and also oncomposition, microstructure and physical properties of the products. Hence,intimate cooperation should be existed between the process -consumertechnical staff and refractory -manufacturer research team to developrefractory materials suitable for specific service conditions in the differ entfurnace parts. This would lead to optimize performance, service life andconsumption of the refractory linings with increasing rate of productionand quality of the fired materials. For instance, service conditions as well asthe technically and economically feasible types of refractory -linings,recently recommended for application in steel, Portland -cement andceramic industries are summarized.
2010
05
01
1
1
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38240_fd48f156441916e6687e571af1c17647.pdf