@article { author = {Ragheb, H. and El-Gindy, M. and Kishawy, H.}, title = {CONTROL STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT FOR INDEPENDENT WHEEL TORQUE DISTRIBUTION FOR MULTI-WHEELED COMBAT VEHICLE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-18}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35471}, abstract = {ABSTRACTMulti-wheeled combat vehicles behavior depends not only on the available totaldriving torque but also on its distribution among the drive axles/wheels. In turn, thisdistribution is largely regulated by the drivetrain layout and its torque distributiondevices.In this paper, a multi-wheeled (8x4) combat vehicle bicycle model has beendeveloped and used to obtain the desired yaw rate and lateral acceleration tobecome reference for the design of the controllers. PID controllers were designed asupper and lower layers of the controllers. The upper controller develops thecorrective yaw moment, which is the input to the lower controller to manage theindependent torque distribution (torque vectoring) among the driving wheels. Severalsimulation maneuvers have been performed at different vehicle speeds usingMatlab/ Simulink-TruckSim to investigate the proposed torque vectoring controlstrategy. The simulation results with the proposed controller showed a significantimprovement over conventional driveline, especially at severe maneuvers.}, keywords = {Multi-wheeled vehicle,vehicle model,TruckSim,validation,handling characteristics,SIMULINK,8x4 combat vehicle,control strategy,PID controller}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35471.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35471_c8a5220f528b148fd65426dd23636f83.pdf} } @article { author = {Asfoor, M. and Sharaf, A. and Beyerlein, S.}, title = {USE OF GT-SUITE TO STUDY PERFORMANCE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (ICE) AND HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE (HEV) POWERTRAINS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35473}, abstract = {ABSTRACTHybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are receiving a great deal of interest around theworld due to not only their promise of higher energy efficiency and reduced highwayemissions, but also their ability to overcome the range limitations inherent in a purelyelectric automobile. In a hybrid powertrain, energy is stored as a petroleum fuel andin an electrical storage device, such as a battery pack, and is converted tomechanical energy by an internal combustion engine (ICE) and an electric motor(EM), respectively. The EM is used to improve energy efficiency and vehicleemissions while the ICE provides extended range capability.Computer simulation is a valuable tool for analyzing hardware components andpredicting vehicle performance with different powertrain configurations. In this worka traditional ICE operated vehicle is compared to several hybrid versions of the samevehicle, all modeled using GT-Suite. A variety of standard driving cycles areconsidered, among them the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) for city driving, theHighway Fuel Economy Test (HWY), the high acceleration aggressive drivingschedule (US06) that is often identified by the Supplemental FTP, and the NewEuropean Driving Cycle (NEDC). This study considers a rule-based energymanagement strategy for power splitting in the hybrid powertrain models. ICE onlyand hybrid modes are compared based on average as well as instantaneousperformance. The overall fuel economy, energy consumption and losses in the ICEand HEV powertrain models are monitored and compared based on averageperformance, and a comprehensive energy analysis is performed to track energysources and sinks. The paper results reveal the benefits of HEVs in terms of reducedfuel energy consumption and improved fuel economy.}, keywords = {Hybrid Electric Vehicles,Fuel Economy,Vehicle Modeling,Driving Cycles,GT-Suite}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35473.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35473_db00a02944c5d1d825b4662eb2dd79f6.pdf} } @article { author = {Ali, A. and Kamel, H. and Sharaf, A. and Hegazy, S.}, title = {MODELING AND SIMULATION OF HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35475}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis paper presents a detailed Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) modelling methodbased on a multi-physics approach. The model is introduced in order to providedesign engineers with the capability to investigate effects of component selectionand to develop control systems and automatic optimization processes for HEVs. Afull drivetrain system of a series/parallel HEV is developed including the internalcombustion engine (ICE), the motor generator (MG) and the power split device(PSD) along with the vehicle longitudinal dynamics. All aspects of rotational inertialdynamics, friction, damping and stiffness properties are considered. The interactionbetween all these modules is implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink/Simscapeblockset environment. The concepts of modularity, flexibility, and user-friendlyinterface are emphasized during the model development. The numerical simulationresults are compared with the analytical results of the same hybrid power train. Theconvergence between the results makes the model convenient for the futureoptimization techniques on HEV.}, keywords = {Hybrid vehicles,MATLAB/SIMULINK,Modelling,Simulation,PSD}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35475.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35475_fcab3e9a1f0d4b2e7572f99ee6b14065.pdf} } @article { author = {Elshenawy, T.}, title = {A MODIFIED VIRTUAL ORIGIN MODEL FOR SHAPED CHARGE JET PENETRATION WITH NON-UNIFORM DENSITY DISTRIBUTION}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-21}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35477}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe penetration of a shaped charge jet is studied in this paper where the jet densitydeficit is considered. The virtual origin model, which assumes a constant jet density,is modified to include the situation when the jet density deficit causes non-uniform jetdensity distribution. A relation between the relative density ratio and normalised jetvelocity is proposed, based on which an analytical solution of the modified virtualorigin model is obtained. The validity of the modified virtual origin model isdemonstrated by its largely improved predictions in comparison with experimentaland numerical results. It shows that the density deficit term reduces the penetrationdepth by 19.4%, 12.5% and 12.8% for the un-sintered copper-tungsten powder jet,the solid zirconium jet and the solid copper jet, respectively.}, keywords = {Oil well perforator,hydrodynamic jet penetration,virtual origin,non-uniform density distribution}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35477.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35477_ca8e65204762fb4fdd73a9b7661e4157.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahmoud, O. and AbdELbaset, H. and Alsanabawy, M.}, title = {INVESTIGATION OF THE DISPERSION OF UNGUIDED FINNED MISSILE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-10}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35479}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe problem of accuracy of fire and its impact on weapon effectiveness presents amajor concern of munitions designer. Many factors can be considered to improve themissile dispersion. Some are related to the missile itself, others are related to thelauncher or the mutual effects between the missile and the launcher. Theenvironmental launching conditions have a prime impact on the firing accuracy. Thepresent work introduces simulation and experimental studies dealing with individualparameters and their influential weights concerning their impact on dispersion of afinned missile. The effects of the initial firing parameters, namely initial mass, initiallaunching angle, initial velocity and location of center of gravity are investigated. Foreach case the parameter was varied within certain limits to simulate the productioninaccuracy, or approximations during design and the initial errors that can beimpeded in the launcher and aiming devices. The trajectory was calculated usingPRODAS software and compared with the real flight data. Comparisons of predictedand experimental results have proven satisfactory matching.}, keywords = {Firing tables,flight trajectory,anti-submarine bomb and PRODAS}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35479.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35479_ed03502ab948ef41fed748f966bdca41.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Saady, W. and Abd Allah, A. and Ibrahim, A. and Hussien, A.}, title = {DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF TANK GUN RECOIL CYCLE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35481}, abstract = {ABSTRACTA mathematical model is developed - using MATLAB Simulink software package - to simulate, predict, and evaluate the performance of gun recoil system. The used gun is a tank gun with a concentric recoil mechanism. The results are presented in this paper can provide a clear understanding of design parameters affecting the behavior of recoil mechanism and/or improving the performance of recoil mechanisms in the future.A complete study of the constructional parameters that affect the performance of the concentric recoil system is carried out. Then, a mathematical model that includes all governing equations of recoil cycle is developed. Finally, the model is tested for a case study and the results is recorded and compared with others resulting from actual firing test.This paper starts with studying the construction of concentric recoil mechanism for tank gun and analysis of the different forces and resistances influencing the recoiling parts during recoil cycle; then, introducing the equation of motion of recoiling parts during recoil cycle and finally, constructing the simulation program to obtain results.Comparison of simulation results and others obtained from actual firing shows a good match that creates some confidence in the mathematical model. This confidence encourages reliance on this model in evaluation, development, and design of such systems.}, keywords = {Concentric recoil mechanism,recoil system,interior pressure in gun recoil cylinder,gun recoil simulation,gun recoil cycle}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35481.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35481_fdc779b659715b36922409c5f7379d39.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, S. and Riad, A. and Ibrahim, A.}, title = {EVALUATION OF SHAPED CHARGE PERFORMANCE UNDER ITS VARIABLE FACTORS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-20}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35483}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this paper, two main research directions are used to investigate the shapedcharge phenomenon and to evaluate its performance. These directions are: (i)analytical and (ii) numerical simulation. The analytical direction is presented by amodel consisting of three main phases; these are: (i) jet formation, (ii) jet break-up,and (iii) jet penetration phases. The governing equations that predict the mainparameters associated with each phase are presented. These equations arecompiled into a computer program; the input data to the model is that of shapedcharge model xx. In numerical simulation direction, Autodyn-2D hydrocode is used tosimulate the xx shaped charge phenomena and to assess the predictions of theanalytical model.The predictions of the analytical model are compared with the correspondingmeasurements of the tested shaped charges of Ref. [8]; good agreement is generallyobtained. In addition, the present results of both research directions are mainlyconcerned with predicting the effects of some factors of shaped charge model xx onits performance. These factors are: (i) liner thickness, (ii) liner material, (iii) coneangle, (iv) type of explosive and (v) standoff distance. Samples of the predictedresults representing the effect of each studied factor on the associated parameterswith jet formation and jet penetration phases are presented with relevant analysisand discussions. It was found that the analytical results and the corresponding codepredictions were consistent. The obtained results recommended the use of powerfulexplosive, the decrease of cone angle and the increase of standoff distance, keepingthe jet continuity, for increasing the performance of shaped charge model xx.}, keywords = {Shaped charges,Jet formation,Modified Bernoulli's equation,shaped charge performance,Autodyn-2D,Modeling and simulation}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35483.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35483_89507e88bd892f2316f03c3a76bcf3a7.pdf} } @article { author = {Abou-Elela, H. and Ibrahim, A. and Mahmoud, O. and Abdel-Hamid, O.}, title = {EFFECT OF BASE BLEED DIMENSIONS ON THE BALLISTIC PERFORMANCE OF ARTILLERY PROJECTILES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-24}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35485}, abstract = {ABSTRACTBase bleed unit is one of the active methods to increase the range of artillery projectiles. Ballistic performance of base bleed unit has been experimentally assessed using firing tests and wind tunnel experiments. Meanwhile, analytical and numerical studies have been carried out. In some of these studies, solid propellant is used as the source of the burnt gases ejected into the wake behind the projectile base. But, in other studies, different types of gases such as air, argon, hydrogen, and helium are ejected at different temperatures.In this paper, the effects of the main dimensions of 2-parts tubular base bleed grain unit on its ballistic performance are studied analytically. These dimensions are base bleed grain maximum radius, length, inner diameter of the grain, and exit diameter of base bleed unit. The study is applied to the base bleed unit which is installed to K307 155mm projectile. The study leads to a new method to control the ejected mass flow rate. This method is based on changing the exit diameter of base bleed unit in order to get higher injection parameter in the first few seconds of projectile flight and lower values in the remaining time of base bleed grain burning. Therefore, the base bleed projectile range is increased by 1.7 % when comparing with its counterpart which is supplied with base bleed unit having constant exit diameter and the same base bleed grain.}, keywords = {Aerodynamics,base bleed,range extension,Drag reduction}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35485.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35485_bd83c6823856c9bda082b4db87baaac3.pdf} } @article { author = {Ibrahim, R.}, title = {MODELING OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS WITH VIBRO-IMPACT INTERACTION AND DISCONTINUITY MAPPING}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35486}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis paper presents an overview of selected modeling techniques of vibro-impactdynamics. Vibro-impact dynamics has occupied a wide spectrum of studies bydynamicists, physicists, and mathematicians. These studies may be classified intothree main categories: modeling, mapping and applications. The main techniquesused in modeling of vibro-impact systems include phenomenological modeling,Hertzian models, and non-smooth coordinate transformations developed byZhuravlev and Ivanov. One of the most critical situations impeded in vibro-impactsystems is the grazing bifurcation. Grazing bifurcation is usually studied throughdiscontinuity mapping techniques, which are useful to uncover the rich dynamics inthe process of impact interaction. Complex dynamic phenomena of vibro-impactsystems such as sub-harmonic oscillations, chaotic motion, and coexistence ofdifferent attractors for the same excitation and system parameters but under differentinitial conditions will be discussed.}, keywords = {Non-smooth coordinate transformations,Hertzian contact,power law,mapping,chaotic motion,sub-harmonic oscillation}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35486.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35486_0f5e2b7cdc4d372cc625b80f07ad5f02.pdf} } @article { author = {Abouobaia, E. and Bhat, R. and Sedaghati, R.}, title = {ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE GRAVITY EFFECT ON THE DYNAMICS AND PERFORMANCE OF CENTRIFUGAL PENDULUM VIBRATION ABSORBER}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-17}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35490}, abstract = {ABSTRACTCentrifugal Pendulum Vibration Absorber (CPVA) has been effectively used inrotating and reciprocating machines to control torsional vibrations passively. Thisresearch presents results from analytical investigation of rotor systems integratedwith CPVA. The system under investigation is modeled as a rotating disk attachedwith CPVA in which the disk is subjected to an external simple harmonic torque.Mathematical model of a rotor fitted with a CPVA has been formulated and theequations of motion are derived using Lagrange principle. The effect of gravity due toCPVA operating in a vertical plane with a horizontal shaft has been considered in theformulation. The results are also compared with those based on CPVA operating in ahorizontal plane in which the effect of gravity has been neglected. Moreover,softening nonlinear behavior of the pendulum and its effect on the natural frequencyof the system has been investigated.}, keywords = {Torsional vibration absorber,CPVA,gravity effect,softening behavior}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35490.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35490_ce2de4a7d90b46e2b19c05da1f584c13.pdf} } @article { author = {Shabana, Y. and Rabeih, E. and Morgan, E.}, title = {THERMOELASTOPLASTIC AND VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPOSITES WITH INTERPHASES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35492}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the problem of predicting the behaviors of a compositematerial, which consists of a matrix and a spherical inclusion coated by a multilayeredinterphase, under thermal and/or mechanical loading variations and basedon the micromechanics principles. The multi-layered interphase, which in generalincludes different properties for each layer, is modeled by applying the multiinclusionmodel. The considered damage mode, which is represented by theprogressive debonding of the particle from the interphase, is assumed to becontrolled by a critical energy criterion and the Weibull’s distribution function. Theeffects of the interphase parameters such as its thickness and the properties of eachlayer on the effective thermomechanical properties and the vibration characteristicsof composites with multi-layered interphases are presented and discussed. Thenatural frequencies give information about the resonance avoidance whereas modeshapes give information about observability and controllability of different structures.Therefore, the natural frequencies and mode shapes as vibration characteristics areinvestigated based on Euler and Timoshenko theories.}, keywords = {Particulate composites,Multi-layered interphase,Micromechanics,properties,Vibration characteristics}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35492.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35492_fbd4d2ae8e37f96629f2470421815e7e.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, A. and Darwish, S.}, title = {A PROPOSED METHOD FOR DETECTING THE CHAOTIC BEHAVIOUR IN DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-13}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35494}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe important step in studying the qualitative behavior of non-linear dynamicalsystem is how to detect the presence of chaos. There are several methods that usedto determine the presence of chaos signature. This paper presents a proposedmethod in detecting the presence of chaos. This method combines two techniquesnamely: the normal form analysis and largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE). Computerprograms were generated to investigate these two techniques and the proposeddetecting method. An example was given to furnish the herein given computeralgebra techniques based on real applications. The obtained results in this workwere verified with that published by other researchers. The proposed method canprovide highly active and efficient ability when studying the nature of non-lineardynamical systems and its chaotic presence.}, keywords = {Chaos,Normal form,Largest Lyapunov exponent}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35494.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35494_b3152582b01a10603922b337f7d5a2d0.pdf} } @article { author = {Arafa, N. and Mohany, A. and Hassan, M.}, title = {AEROACOUSTIC RESPONSE OF ISOLATED CYLINDER(S) IN CROSS-FLOW AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS INSIDE A RECTANGULAR DUCT}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-17}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35536}, abstract = {ABSTRACT: The flow-excited acoustic resonance of single and multiple isolated cylinders in cross-flow is investigated experimentally. The effect of the cylinder(s) proximity to the acoustic particle velocity nodes of the first three acoustic cross-modes is presented. During the experiments, the acoustic cross-modes of the duct hosing the cylinders are self-excited. For the case of single cylinder, it is observed that although the cylinder′s location doesn′t significantly affect the process of vortex shedding, it affects the mechanism of the flow-excited acoustic resonance and the generated acoustic pressure. When the cylinder is shifted away from the acoustic particle velocity anti-node of a certain acoustic cross-mode, a combination of cross-modes is excited with intensities that seem to be proportional to the ratio of the acoustic particles velocities of these modes at the cylinder′s location. For the case of two and three isolated cylinders positioned simultaneously side-by-side in the duct, it is observed that when the cylinders are positioned at different acoustic particle velocity anti-nodes of different cross-modes, the intensities of the excited acoustic resonance of these cross-modes are amplified compared to those with single cylinder. Nevertheless, when one cylinder is positioned at the acoustic particle velocity anti-node of certain cross-modes and another cylinder is positioned at it′s acoustic particle velocity node, i.e a cylinder that should excite the resonance and another one that should suppress it, respectively; the excitation always takes over and the resonance occurs. Moreover, as the cylinder moves closer to the duct′s wall, the Strouhal number value decrease due to the interference between the wake of the cylinder and the duct′s wall. Therefore, the acoustic resonance for this case occurs at slightly higher flow velosities.      }, keywords = {Aeroacoustics,Acoustics Excitation,Flow-excited Resonance,Side-by-side cylinders}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35536.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35536_a012f07bf94276132e750074cac80e30.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelbary, A. and El Fahham, M. and Elnady, M.}, title = {LOAD DEPENDENT WEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMER-METAL SLIDING}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35502}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn tribological applications, such as sliding bearing, polymers tends to wear morequickly than indicated in laboratory wear tests. The reason for this discrepancy hasbeen attributed to the effect of loading conditions. In the current study, the influenceof loading mode on the wear characteristics of polyamide (PA66) against steelcounterpart was investigated in dry and wet sliding conditions. The polymer wastested under different static and cyclic loading conditions in order to provide acomprehensive understanding of its wear behavior. All tests were performed usingreciprocating pin-on-plate tribometer which was constructed to perform wear testsunder constant and cyclic loads at constant sliding speed. There was consistentevidence of the effect of loading mode on the wear behavior. At cyclic load, thepolymer shows significant increase in wear rates than those found under constantload. Furthermore, under wet sliding, the polymer showed generally higher wearrates compared to dry tests.}, keywords = {Wear,polyamide,Cyclic load}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35502.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35502_8ef4b166929e7561d1778ddce89420ef.pdf} } @article { author = {Morad, A. and Elzahaby, A. and Kamel, M. and Khalil, M.}, title = {SMART MATERIALS USED FOR AERO ENGINE VIBRATION CONTROL}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-20}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35503}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe new generation of smart materials and structure technologies featuring at the most sophisticated level a network of sensors and actuators, real time control capabilities, computational capabilities and a host structural material. Smart materials are usually attached or embedded into structural systems to enable these structures to sense disturbances, process the information and evoke reaction at the actuators, possibly to negate the effect of the original disturbance. For active vibration reduction tasks in smart structures technology, piezoelectric ceramics are the first choice. They generate large forces, have fast response times, are commercially available as fibers, patches and stacks, and allow integration into structural components. Piezoelectric extension actuators are bonded to the surface or embedded within the structure. Resonant vibrations of aero engine blades cause blade fatigue problems in engines, which can lead to thicker and aerodynamically lower performing blade designs, increasing engine weight, fuel burn, and maintenance costs. In order to suppress undesirable blade vibration levels, active piezoelectric vibration control are used, potentially enabling thinner blade designs for higher performing blades and minimizing blade fatigue problems. Thus, this paper gives an overview of smart materials, piezoelectric materials and their applications in vibration damping and a finite element ANSYS model analysis for piezoelectric bimorph beam including resistor capacitor (RC) circuit to study the effect of resistance (R) and capacitance (C) values change in vibration damping control.}, keywords = {Smart materials,piezoelectric materials,Bimorph beam,aero engine,vibration control}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35503.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35503_4bc5854a0c1e5a9c1c9b301256a87ddb.pdf} } @article { author = {Raef, T. and Elzahaby, A. and Khalil, M.}, title = {ENHANCEMENT OF PROPULSION PERFORMANCE THROUGH JET NOISE REDUCTION TECHNOLOGIES: A REVIEW}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-24}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35505}, abstract = {ABSTRACTJet noise remains a significant noise component in modern aero-engines. A high-speed flow mixing with the surrounding air constitutes noise sources behind the nozzle. One noise-reduction technology is expected to enhance mixing within a limited region downstream of the nozzle. The enhanced mixing leads to the suppression of broadband peak components of jet noise.The main goal of this paper is to provide an overview of, the aircraft noise generating sources with emphasis on the jet noise, the main technologies employed for control and reduction of aircraft noise, the effect of different techniques and a comparison between them on the flow field and acoustic performance for subsonic and supersonic jets, and finally a survey of the current applications of large-eddy simulation(LES) for predicting of the noise from single stream turbulent jets, including numerical methods for simulation of near and far field of a jet nozzle.}, keywords = {Jet noise,Noise reduction,Aircraft noise prediction}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35505.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35505_da54fad1b457f939f40059b9995be703.pdf} } @article { author = {Shanwen, T. and Brenn, G.}, title = {NUMERICAL STUDY FOR SHAPE OSCILLATION OF FREE VISCOELASTIC DROP USING THE ARBITRARY LAGRANGIAN EULERIAN METHOD}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-21}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35538}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe free oscillation of liquid droplet is one of the classical questions in scienceresearch, liquid drops play important role in a lot of engineering applications. Theorystudy of droplet oscillation mainly based on the linear method, this method is onlyadapted to the small-amplitude oscillatory motion of drops. Except the linear methodused in this study, numerical method have been successfully applied in simulation ofthe free oscillation of liquid droplet. To date, the literature on simulation of oscillationof viscoelastic drops is quite sparse.In this paper, the finite element method is used to investigate numerically theinfluence of viscoelasticity on the small-amplitude oscillation of drops of polymersolutions. A spatial discretization is accomplished by the finite element method, thetime descretization is carried by the Crank-Nicolson method, and the arbitraryLagangian-Eulerian (ALE) method is used to track the change of the interface.Numerical results are compared with the ones of linear theory. the behaviors ofoscillation are found to depend on the viscosity and the stress relaxation time ofviscoelastic fluid, the results of numerical simulation and linear theory are identical,moreover, extension to large-amplitude non-linear oscillation is discussed.}, keywords = {Viscoelastic drop,Shape oscillation,Finite element method,ALE}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35538.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35538_14a2361e291795b6cd263a45ee58dca3.pdf} } @article { author = {Tyurekhojayev, A. and Ibrayev, A.}, title = {TRANSVERSE OSCILLATION OF THE RAIL WHICH LIES ON THE DISCRETE BASE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35541}, abstract = {ABSTRACTFriction was neglected by many authors when modeling the transverse oscillation of the rail during its movement. The non-considered contact friction leads to a violationof the law of conservation of momentum. In such a case, all the energy spent on the rotation of the railway wheels around the railway train axes and composition did not make a move. This problem definition was solved during movement of one wheel.In this paper, the analytical solution of the problem of transverse oscillation of the rail which lies on the discrete base during movement of the wheel with taking into account dry friction on the «wheel-rail» contact is obtained. Research of transverse oscillation of the rail during its movement considering rails junctions, number of ties, railway train axes, space and reflected waves propagation from the rails’ wheels and butts is conducted.}, keywords = {Railway transport,dry friction,«wheel-rail» contact,rail junctions,mathematical model,motion dynamics,wave theory}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35541.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35541_e8929989474175601ae6d948e702b4eb.pdf} } @article { author = {Tyurekhojayev, A. and Sergaziyev, M.}, title = {DISTRIBUTION OF SUBHARMONIC AND ULTRAHARMONIC WAVES WITH THE NONLINEAR MECHANISM OF DISSIPATION OF ENERGY}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35542}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe statics and dynamics of mechanical systems with contact dry friction,representing the nonlinear mechanism of the energy dissipation, is a new actualdirection in the nonlinear mechanics of deformable solids. Damping effects of thissort can appear on the boundaries of rough layered environments or in relativemovements of one body along a surface of another. Such kind of tasks come toconsideration of the hyperbolic type equations of a nonlinear system and connectedwith distribution and attenuation of nonlinear waves. Analytical results for thedistribution of nonlinear waves in the system with contact dry friction under theinfluence of cyclic loads were obtained. The class of loads under which the systemshows subharmonic and ultraharmonic oscillations was determined. Based on theresults of obtained decisions the following conclusion has been made: there is aclass of cyclic loads with the frequency to arbitrary integer times which differs fromthe frequency of its own fluctuation of system under the action of which the systemperforms established or resonant fluctuations.}, keywords = {Nonlinear elastic waves,Dry contact friction,Hyperbolic type equation,Subharmonic and ultraharmonic oscillations}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35542.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35542_9eb1582d75a738a39b97237cbe4055ee.pdf} } @article { author = {Mostafa, M. and Tawfik, M. and Negm, H.}, title = {CRACK DETECTION IN BEAMS USING AXIAL AND TRANSVERSE NATURAL FREQUENCIES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-18}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35543}, abstract = {ABSTRACTCrack detection in structures has attracted the researchers for many years. Severalcrack detection attempts use measurements of the structure’s modal parameters,like the natural frequencies and mode shapes. One of The easiest parameter amongthem to measure and correlate to cracks is the natural frequencies. Severalapproaches focused on crack detection in beams and bars using the changes in thenatural frequencies. The direct problem has been addressed, but the inverseproblem is a challenging one, where it starts by measuring certain structuralproperties and estimate the crack location and size. In most research works, thenatural frequencies of the intact structure or historical measurements have to beknown in advance. Another feature in similar studies is to handle the beam actionand bar action separately. The inverse problem of an Euler-Bernoulli beam with anopen crack is addressed here. Unlike these models, the present model utilizes thefirst axial and transverse natural frequencies to determine the size and location ofthe crack, without prior historical measurements.}, keywords = {structural health monitoring,Crack Detection,Modal analysis,Euler-Bernoulli Beam}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35543.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35543_53ae37c0036e4f8ab76ad5fd40f88044.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdallah, A. and Fayed, A. and Abdou, G. and Sallam, M.}, title = {EFFECT OF ALLOY COMPOSITION ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND FRACTURE BEHAVIOR OF TUNGSTEN HEAVY ALLOYS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-18}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35546}, abstract = {ABSTRACT The objective of this experimental study is to investigate the effect of the alloy composition on the mechanical properties and the fracture behavior of the liquid phase sintered tungsten heavy alloys. Tungsten alloy with three different compositions 93%W-4.9%Ni-2.1%Fe,91%W-6%Ni-3%Co and 90.5%W-5.6%Ni-2.4%Fe-1.5%Co were prepared and used in this investigation. Elemental powders were mixed using planetary mixer for 5 hours to ensure suitable homogeneity. Uni-axial compaction pressure of 200 MPa was applied to obtain standard tensile and impact specimens. Vacuum liquid phase sintering was carried out under different temperatures from 1470ᵒC up to 1530ᵒC for 90 minutes.The effect of changing the alloy composition particularly, the binder constituents was characterized in terms of density, hardness, impact resistance and tensile properties for samples in the as sintered state. Fracture behavior of the used tensile fracture specimens having different compositions was studied, and the relation between the obtained fracture modes and tensile properties of these alloys was indicated.The obtained results indicated that hardness increases with increasing the cobalt content, Moreover, the tensile strength increases, in a first stage, by adding cobalt up to 1.5wt.%, due to the strengthening effect of cobalt. Further increase in cobalt content decreases strength. On the contrary, the ductility and impact resistance showed a continuous decrease with increasing the cobalt content. The results, also, clearly showed that the addition of cobalt to tungsten heavy alloy has a great beneficial hardening effect. On the other hand, it causes embrittlement due to the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds, particularly, with tungsten at the tungsten-matrix interface leading to degradation of alloy properties, which makes the dissolution of these intermetallics by a post sintering heat treatment of great importance.It was also shown that the strength of the matrix or the bonding strength of the interface (between tungsten particles and matrix) was the controlling criterion of thenature of final fracture. Poorer matrix strength or interfacial strength was found to initiate the fracture by separation of tungsten particles either by matrix failure or by interface failure. On the other hand, tensile fracture takes place predominantly by cleavage fracture of tungsten particles, if both the matrix and interface are stronger than the tungsten particles. The tensile fracture surfaces clearly indicated that failure in case of W-Ni-Fe based heavy alloys was due to matrix or interface failure. Whereas, W-Ni-Fe-Co heavy alloys were failed predominantly by cleavage fracture of tungsten particles. While, in case of W-Ni-Co based heavy alloys, the dominant fracture mode was intergranular tungsten separation. This fracture behaviour was in good correlation with the obtained mechanical properties , and indicates that the cobalt content in the binder plays a key role in dictating the failure behaviour.}, keywords = {tungsten heavy alloy,Alloy composition,Matrix constituents,Cobalt content}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35546.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35546_342756c58e1edf9faddcdbb588ca5d3c.pdf} } @article { author = {Morad, A. and Shash, Y.}, title = {NICKEL BASE SUPERALLOYS USED FOR AERO ENGINE TURBINE BLADES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-22}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35549}, abstract = {ABSTRACTNickel base Superalloys service at high temperatures, particularly in the hot zones ofgas turbine engine. These materials allow the turbine to operate more efficiently bywithstanding higher temperatures. Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) depends on thetemperature capability of first stage high-pressure turbine blade made of nickel basesuperalloys exclusively.Single crystal Nickel base turbine blade is free from g/ g¢ grain boundaries;boundaries are easy diffusion paths and therefore reduce the resistance of thematerial to creep deformation.Experimental investigation carried out by using Different scrap of turbine blades withdifferent chemical compositions were melted aiming to control the chemicalcomposition of the product alloy, leading to a steel alloy called iron base superalloywith nickel content (24.3%) and chromium content (13.2%) this new alloy has almostthe same mechanical properties of nickel base superalloy of higher price. This newalloy can be used for production of turbine blades for small gas turbine engines lessthan 200 KW. Solidification behavior of stepped cast specimen of nickel basesuperalloy was studded by using three different cast thicknesses size. The resultsand conclusion of this work show that the higher the cooling rate is the better themechanical properties. The results also show that the increase of cobalt and titaniumcontents of nickel base alloy from 1.08 & 9.31 and 2.68 & 10.78 respectively leads toan increase in ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and hardness. Microstructureinvestigation of nickel base superalloys was conducted on all samples, the resultsshow the continuous matrix (g) and the primary strengthening phase (g¢), themicrostructure change from dendrite structure to a fine cellular one by increasingtitanium percent content.}, keywords = {Superalloys,Nickel base Superalloys,Turbine blades,Single crystal turbine blades}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35549.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35549_b53108b7a44331de95829c8d843b4da0.pdf} } @article { author = {Hannora, A. and Duraia, E. and Bakkar, A.}, title = {SURFACE MECHANICAL ATTRITION TREATMENT OF COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM VT1-0}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35552}, abstract = {ABSTRACTTitanium substrates were subjected to severe plastic deformation using surfacemechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) in a high energy ball mill. Mechanicaltreatments influence the microstructure and mechanical behaviour of the Ti-surface.Moreover, partial amorphization takes place concurrently in the surface region.Successive subdivision and amorphization finally results in the formation of wellseparated nanocrystalline and amorphous phases in the near surface. Surfacemechanically treated Ti-substrates were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The average grain size of the nanocrystallitesis about 200nm after 10 min of SMAT, and about 18nm after 20 min. Themicrohardness of the mechanically treated Ti-surfaces is improved as a result ofsurface nanocrystallization. However, corrosion resistance of SMAT samplesdecreases significantly compared to untreated Ti substrates. Contamination with Feand Cr were observed at the Ti-surface after SMAT. These particles could play animportant role in material strengthening and amorphization process.}, keywords = {Titanium,surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT),high energy ball mill}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35552.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35552_6b1895ad5024df60fe1e75a252bb583a.pdf} } @article { author = {Naga, S. and El-Maghraby, H. and Awaad, M. and Saleh, M. and Abdelbary, E. and Tameem, M.}, title = {PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF YTTRIA–CERIA DOPED TETRAGONAL ZIRCONIA / ALUMINA COMPOSITES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35554}, abstract = {ABSTRACTYttria-ceria doped tetragonal zirconia / alumina, (Y,Ce–TZP / Al2O3) composites wereprepared via sol-gel and powder mixing techniques. The bodies were uniaxiallypressed at 220 MPa. The formed green bodies were fired at 1500°C up to 1650°Cwith temperature interval of 50°C and firing rate of 5°C /min. The samples wereevaluated for their densification, microstructure and phase constitution as well astheir mechanical properties. ANSYS (finite element package) is utilized to simulatethe temperature distribution along the material and so thermal conductivity of thematerial is calculated. The present study results showed an improvement in theproperties of the samples prepared via sol-gel route compared with traditionalpowder mixing one. X-ray diffraction patterns of both sol-gel and mechanically mixedfired samples indicate the presence of cerium – zirconium oxide (Ce2Zr3O10) phaseand the absence of cerium aluminate (CeAlO3) phase. It was concluded that thestarting materials preparation route has a noticeable impact on the sintering behaviorand mechanical properties of the final product.}, keywords = {composites,sol-gel technique,Microstructure,Mechanical Properties,thermal conductivity}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35554.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35554_4d576b2c3589109606cb1947eec67506.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Mahallawi, I. and Mahmoud, T. and Gaafer, A. and Mahmoud, F.}, title = {EFFECT OF POURING TEMPERATURE AND WATER COOLING ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF INGOTS PRODUCED BY COOLING SLOPE CASTING TECHNIQUE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35556}, abstract = {  ABSTRACTThe cooling slope (CS) casting is the simplest and cheapest technique for producing feedstock materials with non-dendritic microstructure required for semi-solid metal (SSM) processing methods such as thixoforming. In the present investigation, the effect of the pouring temperature and the water cooling on the thixotropic microstructure of commercial A319 Al-Si cast alloy was studied. The results showed that increasing the pouring temperature slightly reduces the bulk porosity of the CS ingots. The ingots poured with water-cooling exhibited slightly lower porosity content than those poured with without water-cooling. Generally, it has been found that the primary α-Al grains have generally higher shape factor near the edge of ingot than the middle and center. Ingots poured with water-cooling exhibited lower grain size and shape factor than those poured without water-cooling. Increasing the pouring temperature increases the size α-Al grains. Ingots poured with water-cooling exhibited higher hardness values than those poured without water-cooling.}, keywords = {Cooling Slope Casing,Microstructure,Thixotropic,Aluminium Alloys}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35556.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35556_d89140d9ede5b1ed698dd5662e02301d.pdf} } @article { author = {Khashaba, U. and Aljinaidi, A. and Hamed, M.}, title = {DEVELOPMENT OF CFRE COMPOSITE JOINTS USING MWCNT/E ADHESIVES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-22}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35557}, abstract = {ABSTRACTEpocast 50-A1/946 epoxy was primarily developed for joining and repairing ofcomposite aircraft structural components. The Epocast epoxy was modified byultrasonic dispersion of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) with differentweight percentages. Neat epoxy (NE) and the optimum MWCNT weight percentageare used to fabricate structural adhesive joints (SAJs) with different scarf angles (5o,10o, 15o, 30o, and 45o) in carbon fiber reinforced epoxy (CFRE) compositeadherends. SAJs with different scarf angles were instrumented by eight straingauges to measure the adherend tip strains and bond line strains during tensiontests. The effect of water absorption on the tensile properties of the SAJs with 5o and10o scarf angles was investigated experimentally. Because the SAJs with 5o scarfangle have the highest tensile properties, special attention was considered toinvestigate their performance under elevated temperature (50, 75 and 100oC) andfatigue loads. The tensile properties of the MWCNT/E-SAJs showed significantimprovements compared to the neat epoxy-SAJs. Crack initiation and propagationwere detected effectively using the instrumented-SAJs. The effect of waterabsorption has marginal effect on the tensile strengths of the SAJs. On the otherhand, the tensile strengths and stiffness are dramatically decreased at elevatedtemperature. MWCNTs have insignificant effect on the fatigue lives of the SAJs.}, keywords = {Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes,Tension tests,Iosipescu in-plane shear tests,Structural adhesive joints,Carbon fiber composites,Scarf angles,Water Absorption,Elevated temperature,Fatigue}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35557.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35557_9c8841c686cccfdaefff02a39fd8c94c.pdf} } @article { author = {Ali, A. and Eltabey, M. and Abdelbary, B. and Zoalfakar, S.}, title = {ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF HOT PRESSED MWCNTs/ CARBON NANO FIBRIL COMPOSITE PAPER}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35560}, abstract = {ABSTRACTOptimum electrospinning conditions by using response surface methodology (RSM) have been recalled from previous work to produce MWCNTs/PAN nanofibril composites. The as electrospun fabrics have been heat treated. SEM have been used to analyze the produced fabrics before and after heat treatment took place The presence of MWCNTs reduces the produced fiber in diameter from 190 nm to 180 nm. Also, the hot pressed sample showed a reduction in fiber diameter and dielectric properties improved by adding MWCNTs as well as by heat treatment. Dielectric constant of 330 and conductivity of 100 S/cm were reported for the flexible MWCNTs/carbon nanofibril composite fabrics at 25000 Hz. Analytical approach has been used to evaluate the electric properties of a single nanofiber and nanofibril composite as function in its fabrics. Calculations of single nanofiber and nanofibril composites showed an increase in it electrical conductivity.}, keywords = {Electrospinning,MWCNTs,Heat treatment,dielectric,Conductivity}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35560.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35560_6ccf706e1a509fd6c99b7a7ae9bbc246.pdf} } @article { author = {Ali, A. and Eldesouky, A. and Zoalfakar, S.}, title = {HOT-PRESSED ELECTROSPUN MWCNTs/CARBON NANO FIBRIL COMPOSITES: POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS FOR BREAKING PADS AND JOURNAL BEARING}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35563}, abstract = {ABSTRACTMost of the mechanical and tribological properties of electrospun fiber fabrics are of paramount importance to their utility as components in a large number of applications. Post-spin heat treatment assisted with pressure was used to modify the properties of the electrospun fabrics and to activate the high surface energy. HRTEM showed a formation of graphitic structure with 9.5 nm crystallite size which calculated from Raman breathing modes. Hot-pressed MWCNTs/Carbon fabrics with 130 nm ± 32 nm fibril diameter showed an outstanding flexibility and strength. Also, adding MWCNTs improved tensile strength (from 40 to 60MPa), coefficient of friction (from 0.5 to 0.15) and abrasive mass loss (as low as 0.2 mg has been achieved). The hot-pressed electrospun MWCNTs/Carbon nanofibril composite fabrics can be used, by controlling MWCNTs wt%, as a good candidate for both journal bearings (C.O.F. below 0.4 is required) and braking pads (C.O.F. from 0.4 to 0.7 are required).}, keywords = {Electrospinning,SEM,HRTEM,Heat treatment,Mechanical Properties,Tribological}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35563.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35563_20a7cf8ad4a38c3f44199605cd75114b.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, F.}, title = {DEFORMATION MECHANISM IN NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35564}, abstract = {ABSTRACTNANOCRYSTALLINE (nc) materials are characterized by grain sizes < 100 nm.Because of the small grains of nc-materials, grain boundaries, junction lines, andnodes have significant volume fractions, a characteristic that can influence propertiesfar more strongly than in conventional materials.Nanocrystalline materials offer interesting possibilities related to many structuralapplications. In order to explore some of these possibilities, an understanding of theorigin and nature of deformation processes in nc-materials is essential. Accordingly,the objective of this presentation is two-fold: (a) to identify the requirements that adeformation mechanism should meet in terms of accounting for the mechanicalcharacteristics and trends that are revealed by the experimental data reported for ncmaterials;(b) to propose a deformation mechanism that not only meet theserequirements but also avoid various problems associated with available deformationmechanisms.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35564.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35564_a86e5cc225c56f8a7376543782084494.pdf} } @article { author = {Kim, J. and Jang, H. and Nam, K. and Xu, J.}, title = {CONCEPT, THEORY, DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF SELFPOWERED LUBRICATION IN CERAMIC COMPOSITE AND ROTORS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35567}, abstract = {ABSTRACTDue to a modulus of elasticity higher than that of high carbon chrome bearing steel,ceramic rolling elements exhibit less deformation at contact points and therefore agreater stress under the same load. Combined with a lower thermal conductivity,their working temperature increases and their load capacity decreases more rapidlyin operation. In Nature, we have a ceramic composite system, Bone, known for itssuperior load-bearing capacity, and its self-protection at the high-stress movingcontactpoints (joints) with built-in lubrication. Less known but no less important isthe fact that it has a built-in capillary networks for self-powered supply of lubricantsand coolants, as well as nutrient and growth factor, from within. It has served as aninspiration to an effort and a model system for the study we report here that aim toIncorporate some of these functionalities into man-made composite structures. Inthis report, we first highlight our attempt to develop a method for generating networksof micro- and nano-capillaries within a ceramic composite structure during thesintering process. We then present test results of self-powered supply of fluids tothe contact (load-bearing) surface via the capillary networks from the fluid reservoir.As a further extension, a self-regulation mechanism is added into the design toenable temperature-controlled self-powered lubrication, and tested in a modelsystem. The method is adaptable to various structural shapes, and scalable in size,and to both biophysiologic and mechanic composite systems.}, keywords = {Ceramic rotors and engines,Composite,phase-change,bio-mechanics,lubrication}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35567.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35567_c17ebf304a111e160e819881b3fd5cca.pdf} } @article { author = {Hatem, T. and ElKhodary, K.}, title = {MATERIALS BY DESIGN: FROM THE NANOSCIENCE TO THE MACROMECHANICS OF MODERN ARMOR MATERIALS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35568}, abstract = {ABSTRACTModern computer-based predictive methods, such as non-linear finite elementmethods can be used to shed light upon the physical mechanisms of deformationand failure of armor materials. From molecular dynamics to dislocation dynamics todislocation-density based plasticity to generalized continuum methods, the details ofnano-scale mechanisms to the complex mechanics of structural level failure can bemodeled and simulated with the proposed coupled multiscale techniques. This workaims at presenting the potential of computational multiscale methods to predict andhelp tailor and design new armor materials for improved performance.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35568.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35568_893b42d7f8dffd7c94bbe06aadc26281.pdf} } @article { author = {ElKhodary, K. and Bakr, M.}, title = {NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF CRYSTALLINE MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES WITH APPLICATION TO ALUMINUM ALLOYS FOR MODERN ARMORS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35569}, abstract = {ABSTRACTOften, large plastic deformation in polycrystals is influenced by the slip and itsgradients, which arise at the length scales of microstructural heterogeneities, and inparticular grain boundaries. In this work a non-local multiple-slip crystal plasticityformulation, i.e. augmented with gradients, is presented and applied topolycrystalline aluminum aggregates. Physically based dislocation-densitymechanisms representative of different slip interactions coupled to plastic curvaturehave been formulated within the gradient-crystal plasticity framework. Specializedfinite element methodologies that account for higher-order deformation are alsopresented and used to investigate how certain dislocation-density activities at grainboundaries are directly related to shear strain localization for polycrystallineaggregates which lead to damage tolerant armor alloys.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35569.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35569_da59be7c845fd7f2b5cca835fdfbc3b9.pdf} } @article { author = {Nofel, A.}, title = {NEW HORIZONS FOR THE EGYPTIAN METALCASTING INDUSTRY: A VISION BASED ON TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED AT CMRDI}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-2}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35571}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe metal casting industry is the cornerstone of industrial development. The demandfor metal components is expected to change as new markets and products emergeand others disappear. The Egyptian metal casting industry will need to anticipateemerging industry and consumer needs and provide innovative products that aresuperior in quality, competitively priced and still with high added-value. Newprocesses will be needed to cast metal components that meet the demandingmaterial specifications and designing of new products. Learning how to meet thetechnical demands of new products and markets will be essential to the futureviability of the metal casting industry itself.The Egyptian imports of casting reached alarmingly high figures, meanwhile the idlecapacity of this industry in 2012 exceeded 200,000 ton. The main reasons include:lack of investments in new technologies and initiatives for new casting products, andhence as inadequate quality levels of local production.Since its establishment in the early 1970’s, the Metal Casting Group of CMRDI hasbeen instrumentally engaged with R. & D. programs together with the Egyptianfoundry industry, aiming at introduction of new technologies and developing of newcasting alloys to the Egyptian market, as well as development of human resourcesworking in that field. This report highlights those efforts and explains how they canserve as outlines for a rod-map for the development of metal casting industry overthe coming years; to fill the gap between production and demand.Examples are:- Introduction of ductile iron technology and the subsequent production ofcastings of vital importance such as spare parts for textile machinery and rollsfor steel rolling mills.- Production technology of the revolutionary material; the austempered ductileiron (ADI) and exploring its potential applications in automotive, agricultural,earthmoving and transmission parts.- Optimization of abrasion resistance/toughness properties combination ofgriding media alloys used in cement and mineral processing industries. Production of strategic casting with applications in deface industries.- Introduction of investment casting and its implementation in medical implantsand turbine-blades production.- Another technology under development that should be tackled soon is theprediction of iron melt quality before casting of large castings used in WindTurbines, which will represent an essential input to the Egyptian Wind Energydevelopment program.The potential implementation of the above-mentioned technologies for the productionof high-added value castings to the existing foundries or for the establishment of newproduction facilities will be discussed as a base for a road-up of the metal castingindustry.The possible role of the experimental foundry at CMRDI in development of humanresources and provision of continuous training programs for foundry personnel ondifferent levels will be elaborated. Moreover, higher specialized courses ontechnological and metallurgical aspects of the metal casting industry will besuggested, based on more than 40-years experience in R. & D. interaction with themetal casting industry in Egypt and abroad.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35571.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35571_895f7fdee298588fb826ac39ba6cea17.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Labban, H.}, title = {GRAIN REFINEMENT OF ALUMINUM-BASED NANOCOMPOSITES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35573}, abstract = {ABSTRACTGrain refinement of an aluminum alloy was carried out by adding 0.6 wt.% Al-Ti5-B1master alloy to the aluminum alloy melt at 720 °C for a holding time of 10 minutes. 2wt.% Al2O3 nanoparticles were added to the base melt and mechanically stirred toproduce the nanocomposite. The two types of additions were used in case of thecombined treatment. A considerable grain refinement of the aluminum alloy wasobtained by the addition of Al-Ti5-B1 to its melt. A nanocomposite of fine matrixgrains was also produced. A modified nanocomposite of more refined matrix grainsand homogeneous microstructure was produced by application of the combinedtreatment. Both hardness and wear resistance of the aluminum alloy were increasedby grain refinement. Greater increases in these properties were obtained in case ofnanocomposite. Remarkable improvements in these properties were achieved in thecase of grain refined nanocomposite.}, keywords = {Aluminum grain refinement,Aluminum matrix nanocomposites,Al2O3 nanoparticles,Modification of nanocomposites,Wear resistance}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35573.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35573_eef48a4f4848b2b08d66cc31c4439673.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Labban, H.}, title = {MODIFICATION OF A SURFACE LAYER MICROSTRUCTURE FOR NODULAR CAST IRON USING CO2 LASER}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35574}, abstract = {ABSTRACTLaser surface melting was used to produce a sound surface layer of modified andhard structure for a nodular cast iron. The high hardness of surface is an importantrequirement for the high wear resistance. The treatments were carried out usingCO2 laser of 6 kW. Nitrogen was used as a shielding gas. The effect of theprocessing power on the structure and hardness of the nodular cast iron have beenstudied. The microstructures of the treated zones and base metal were investigatedusing optical and scanning electron microscopes. Three main zones were resulted;the melted and solidified zone, hardened one (heat affected zone: HAZ) and thebase metal. In the melted and solidified zone, high percentages of graphite noduleswere completely dissolved and fine dendrites of austenite surrounded by cementiteand some martensite were produced. Graphite nodules and martensitic structurehave been observed in the HAZ. In the three conditions of treatment (700, 1000 and1500 W at beam travelling speed of 500 mm/min.), no cracks were observed in thetwo zones; melted and solidified zone and the HAZ. Remarkable improvements(420-470%) in microhardness values for the melted and solidified layers wereachieved. The depth of this zone is increased with the increase of processing power.The maximum melted depths for the hardest layers were 0.8, 1.2 and 1.4 mm in thecases of 700, 1000 and 1500 W respectively. HAZ of High hardness was alsoobtained.}, keywords = {Nodular iron,surface hardness,Surface treatments,laser surface treatments,laser surface melting,Microstructure Modification}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35574.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35574_9ff499b0c436da570a3f12c0fddee801.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, A.}, title = {ADVANCED STUDIES ON PLUTONIUM FOR PU ISOTOPE TRANSMUTATION AND PU SEPARATION}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-6}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35575}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this paper, I discuss and present the advanced experiments methods forthermochemical properties of plutonium in liquid gallium at 1073 k, application toplutonium cerium separation and the theoretical studies on Pu isotope transmutation.Electrochemical investigations on plutonium diluted in liquid gallium using moltenchlorides showed that gallium can be used as solvent metal for pyrochemicalprocesses involving plutonium at 1073 k. In particular, a selective extraction ofplutonium from gallium by anodic oxidation is thermodynamically possible. Thedeposition of plutonium on a liquid gallium cathode is also possible with CaCl 2 asmolten salt with a careful control of cathode potential.}, keywords = {Thermal spectra,subcritical reactor,isotopic composition,equilibrium cycle,activity coefficient,chloride salts,solvent metal}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35575.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35575_4cb628eb146fee9a31580bd92fce7cca.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, A.}, title = {PLUTONIUM USAGE AND MANAGEMENT IN PWR AND COMPUTING AND PHYSICAL METHODS TO CALCULATE PU}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35579}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this paper, I discuss and show the advanced computing and physical methods tocalculate Pu inside the nuclear reactors and glovebox and the different solutions tobe used to overcome the difficulties that affect on safety parameters and on reactorperformance, and analysis the consequences of plutonium management on thewhole fuel cycle like Raw materials savings, fraction of nuclear electric powerinvolved in the Pu management. All through two types of scenario, one involving alow fraction of the nuclear park dedicated to plutonium management, the otherinvolving a dilution of the plutonium in all the nuclear park.}, keywords = {Physical methods,PuO2,Plutonium degradation,Doppler effect,Void effect}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35579.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35579_a826a7928954e499a6ad377fe4f932b5.pdf} } @article { author = {Hatem, T. and Elewa, M. and Salah, A.}, title = {MICROSTRUCTURAL MODELING OF INTRINSIC STRESSES IN MULTI-JUNCTION BASED PHOTOVOLTAIC}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35581}, abstract = {ABSTRACTGenuine Processing techniques have been developed to minimize density ofdislocations and other defects originating from thermal stresses present in MultiJunction Photo Voltaic devices (MJ-PVs). Embedded Void Approach; (EVA) wasused to address the defects evolution in GaAs growth on Si substrates. In attemptsto study void effect on dislocation generation; elastic models were prepared forvoided and un-voided structures. Stresses and displacements were compared andrelated to alteration in dislocation density. The models indicated that void presencecould significantly diminish defects density leading to less cracks and failures in MJPVs,thus enabling manufacturers to utilize their wide spectrum of photon absorption.}, keywords = {Dislocation Density,Multi-junction solar cells,Finite Element Modeling,thermal stress,Embedded Void Approach,Elastic Study}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35581.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35581_a3d2090ec087042439fe32040e988c4c.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Meguid, M. and Shalan, K. and Hatem, T. and Bahei El-Din, Y.}, title = {A MICROMECHANICS-BASED DAMAGE DIAGNOSTIC MODEL FOR MATERIALS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-13}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35583}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe complexity of engineering structures dictates a paradigm shift from traditionalinspection and damage detection techniques to more reliable and efficient approach.Smarts materials such as piezoelectric materials are being studied as onboardsensors to detect damage progression inside composite structures. Nevertheless,predictive models of such complex structures coupled to piezoelectric materials beenabsent, especially related to damage detection and prediction. In the current study, amulti-scale approach is suggested to predict the behavior of piezoelectric fiber-basedcomposites. Micromechanical model based on transformation field analysis isdescribed to quantify the overall material properties of electrically active compositestructure. Capitalizing on the extracted properties, single-phase analysis of ahomogeneous structure is conducted using Carrera Unified formulation; a refinedplate theory extended to include electric behavior of active materials. Resultsobtained here are validated against experimental results. Furthermore, the impact ofdamage on local and global fields is evaluated on macro-level through simulatedvoids inside a beam-like structure.}, keywords = {Piezoelectric,composites,and damage identification}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35583.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35583_bee97fd5946703a322910a2c0d1829dd.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, A.}, title = {SECURE FACILITIES FOR NUCLEAR WARHEADS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35589}, abstract = {ABSTRACTNuclear weapons states have developed dedicated safe and secure facilities fornuclear warhead assembly and disassembly operations. These facilities are criticalelements of material nuclear weapons infrastructures. Their broad operationalresponsibilities include the production of new warheads, the dismantlement of retiredwarheads, warhead modernization and refurbishment, stockpile surveillance andcomponent testing ,production of trainers, and modification of stockpiled warheadsfor flight-testing purposes such as an operation involving replacement of fissilecomponents with inert materials and telemetry systems. The facility is defined as anuclear warhead assembly/disassembly plant, If it conducts the operations ofassembly/disassembly of nuclear explosive packages (NEP), an assemblycontaining high explosive (HE),components and fissile materials, and/or finalmechanical assembly of warheads (Bombs). As such operations involve staging andhandling of fissile materials components and assemblies including NEPs and fullyassembled warheads. The facility's states could be defined as "Shutdown" or"Converted". If it no longer works with intact nuclear weapons or subassembliescontaining fissile materials.In this paper, I discuss and present the main secure facilities for nuclear warheadsand the major monitoring options for former warhead assembly/disassembly facilitiesthat could be used in combination with each other, and show some cases of nuclearforensic investigations.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35589.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35589_e290345d37d5bd34d1eb55fc774ec362.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, A.}, title = {EGYPTIAN NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES AT RESEARCH REACTORS , LABORATORIES, AND URANIUM PRODUCTION (INDEPENDENT REVIEW)}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-2}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35590}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this seminar, I discuss and analysis the egyptian nuclear activities at research reactors,laboratories and uranium production as follows:1- laboratories: External beta and gamma radiation is the main source of radioactivity inlaboratories. Also, in some cases measurable radon-gas concentration are available asfollows; *radon gas measurement- A portable radioactive gas monitor RGMI/L was used.It is sensitive to alpha particles emitted from radon gas. The unit is picocurie/ litre (pci/L)or microcurie per cubic meter (mci /m3). The maximum permissible concentration is 0.03(mci / m3). I discuss the full activities of egyptian laboratories in anshass sites (two sites )with the future activities.2- Uranium production-The concentration of a semi-pilot plant for the extractions of uraniumfrom phosphoric acid has been completed and was expected to be commissioned during1999 and after. The design capacity of the plant is about 15 m3 / day( official details)but the fact is different of acid containing about 65 ppm uranium. The process is theadjustment stage .The nuclear materials authority is taking over the responsibility for theexploitation of the black sand deposits at the rosetta beach on the mediterranean coast.These deposits contain monazite, zircon and rutile , as well as ilmenite and magnetite.The proposed projects includes wet and dry mills with a capacity for treating 200 m3 /hour (official details) but the fact is different, of wet sand. The area to be evaluated isestimated to contain about six million tonnes of economic heavy minerals at an averagegrade of 2% (fact is different).This resource contains about 3000 tonnes of monazitewhose U content could be classified as EAR-II. The monazite contains 0.46% U (fact isover that rate) and 6.05%Th , As well as 65% REE at location 6. The nuclear materialsauthority concentrated its main explorations activities in the development of threemineralized areas discovered in the Eastern desert and sinai; gabal gattar, El missikatand El erediya, and Abu zeneima as well as Um ara, G. kadabora, Rosette and Sinai. idiscuss this activities in details.3- Radon daughters concentration: Tri met (TM 372-A), portable alpha counter with suitablepump was used . It has a time selector and displays digital reading. The detector is ofZnS (Ag) scintillator type. The instrument was calibrated with radon daughter source (Po214) and checked before use by Am 241 alpha standard source. Radon daughter were measured using Kuznetz grab sampling method .The maximum permissable radondaughters concentration is 0.3 working level (WL). The total cumulative energy of 1.3 x10 5 Mev as alpha particle energy defines the working level as any combination of shortliveddecay product of radon gas (RaA, RaB ,RaC and RaD) in one litre of air that willresult in the ultimate emission. The working level Month (WLM) is an exposure unit,which is expressed as the product of WL and duration of exposure , normalised to onemonth which is defined as 170 hours, i.e. 1 WLM =170 WLH.4- Monitoring of external gamma radiation: A partable radiation measuring instruments asGeiger counter type, Berthold LB-1200 was used. It gises direct reading for dose rate inmillirem/hour. It was calibrated using standard Cs 137 gamma source. It is defined thatthe maximum permissible value for the dose rate is 2 millirem/hours (Mrem/h) or 20micro sivert/hour (ıSv /h) .I show the whole operations in this field.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35590.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35590_545ff4bf26627c4cb772aa92a82deb3f.pdf} } @article { author = {Elsayed, K. and Miranda, J. and Ghorbaniasl, G. and Lacor, C.}, title = {2D VISCOUS SHAPE DESIGN OPTIMIZATION AND MESH ADAPTATION USING THE ADJOINT METHOD}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-20}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35592}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe majority of the adjoint methods applications focus on research in aerodynamic shape design optimization such as flow in airfoil cascade. This paper presents the application of the adjoint method technique in simple test cases of engineering relevance. The goal of this work is to extend the adjoint method into more engineering applications for viscous and incompressible flow, and to further improve the performance. Two test cases of engineering relevance have been selected. (1) Mesh adaptation for 2-D lid-driven cavity. (2) Drag reduction using an optimized upstream rod. The adjoint method has been used to efficiently adapt the 2-D lid-driven cavity mesh to minimize the discretization errors in calculating the swirl number. Based on the adaptation for the sensitivity magnitude, a uniform mesh of 1600 cells has been refined until a total 6586 cells, with finer mesh at the locations of highest sensitivities. The application of the adjoint method for the passive drag reduction problem results in a modified shape and position for the upstream cylinder. This change reduces the drag force on the main cylinder by 46%.}, keywords = {Adjoint methods,Shape optimization,Mesh adaptation,Drag reduction}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35592.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35592_9c42b313a39b1fbcd0fefa77e9f05d45.pdf} } @article { author = {Elsayed, K. and Lacor, C.}, title = {OPTIMIZATION OF MULTI-FIDELITY DATA USING CO-KRIGING FOR HIGH DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-25}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35593}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis paper deals with an efficient and multi-fidelity design strategy for high dimensional industrial problems. The most significant factors have been determined based on the Muschelknautz method of modeling (MM) using the screening approach. For cyclone separator, only four (from seven) geometrical parameters are significant. An optimized sampling plan based on random Latin hypercube (LHS) has been used to fit Co-Kriging based on CFD data and an analytical model for estimation of pressure drop. Co-Kriging exhibits better accuracy than ordinary Kriging and blind Kriging if only the high fidelity data is used. For global optimization, the Co-Kriging surrogate in conjunction with genetic algorithms (GA) is used. CFD simulations based on the Reynolds stress turbulence model are also used in this study. A new set of geometrical ratios (design) has been obtained (optimized) to achieve minimum pressure drop. A comparison of numerical simulation of the new design and the Stairmand design confirms the superior performance of the new design compared to the Stairmand design.}, keywords = {Surrogate Models,Kriging,Co-Kriging,Blind Kriging,Surrogate based optimization}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35593.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35593_b1d9d187f406b74f76d73789fc8f5948.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Raheem, M. and Ibrahim, S. and Malalasekera, W.}, title = {NUMERICAL MODELING OF HYDROGEN PREMIXED COMBUSTION}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-10}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35594}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe scarcity of oil and gas resources through the whole world put the scientificcommunity in a challenge to secure an alternative source of fuel. The tendency to gofor hydrogen as a clean fuel and an energy carrier brings in safety issues that haveto be addressed before any wide consent can be achieved. In this regard, availabilityof accurate modelling techniques is very useful. This paper presents Large EddySimulations (LES) as a modelling technique for propagating turbulent premixedflames of hydrogen-air mixtures in a laboratory scale combustion chamber. ADynamic Flame Surface Density (DFSD) model where the reaction rate is combinedwith the fractal analysis of the flame front structure, is employed and tested. Thefractal dimension is evaluated dynamically based on the instantaneous flow field.The main focus of the current work is to establish the LES technique as a goodnumerical tool to calculate turbulent premixed hydrogen flames having anequivalence ratio of 0.7. Developing this capability has practical importance inunderstanding different combustion phenomena like explosion hazards, internalcombustion engines and gas turbine combustors. The results obtained with theDFSD model compare well with published experimental data. A detailed analysis isplanned for further validation for the LES-DFSD model for different flow geometrieswith hydrogen combustion.}, keywords = {Hydrogen,LES,Dynamic Flame Surface Density,Premixed Flames,reaction rate}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35594.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35594_f5c5088b07aaac669a3435d875dda3b6.pdf} } @article { author = {Bahr, M.}, title = {LAYOUT OF GRADUATE-LEVEL FLUID POWER RESEARCH LAB.}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35595}, abstract = {ABSTRACTFluid power research works in the graduate level are growing in various educationalinstitutions. Many of these institutions do not follow the proper methodologicalapproach in building fluid power research lab. The fact is the fluid-power relatedresearch equipment are ordered as required piece-by-piece without long termplanning, which may results in duplication of equipment and inefficient use ofbudgets and space.Fluid power research lab should at least satisfy some fundamental needs for aresearcher. In this seminar, the presenter will discuss the standard layout of fluidpower research lab, the units must be included and the research roadmap thatmatches the proposed units.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35595.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35595_300925c42816ca54a47b646cd416d38a.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, H. and Belal, T. and Afify, R. and Abdellatif, O.}, title = {NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS TO CONTROL INFECTION INSIDE OPERATING ROOMS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-17}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35596}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe ventilation system of a hospital operating room is used to provide comfortableand healthy environment. The healthy environment can be achieved by minimizingthe risk of contamination through filtration and air distribution scheme. This paperinvolves numerical study for different ventilation systems studying the effect of airdistribution on bacteria diffusion and the indoor air quality by using (CFD)techniques. Five different configurations ventilation systems based on Hospitalguidelines standards conditions are applied on a selected model to evaluate theefficiency of ventilation systems in minimizing the risk of postoperative infection. It isconcluded that the fourth configurations (laminar airflow (LAF) and exhausts fromlow level at two sides exhorts) which matching with DIN and ASHRAE Standard isthe most efficient which satisfies the comfort conditions and provides protectionagainst infection.}, keywords = {Numerical investigation,Ventilation,Infection control,operating rooms,CFD}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35596.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35596_9f45f6ba9f188b692a71d79b916cd958.pdf} } @article { author = {Radwan, M. and Abu El-Yazeed, O. and Elbadawy, I. and Gad, M.}, title = {A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF IN-CYLINDER FLOW CHARACTERISTICS IN TWO STROKE SIE WITH DOUBLE INTAKE MANIFOLDS AT DIFFERENT INCLINATION ANGLES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35599}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis investigation is carried out to simulate the in-cylinder non-reacting flow of a two stroke spark ignition internal combustion engine (SIE) with gasoline direct injection (GDI). Computer Aided Design (CAD) model was built based on the LUPOE-2D two stroke SIE geometries that had been used in experimental previous work. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis technique is used to predict in-cylinder flow turbulence levels, including root-mean square (RMS) turbulent velocity. The three dimensional domain is created using FLUENT-ANSYS 14.0. The mathematical model is validated against previous experimental data. The intake manifold inclination angles of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40o are investigated of double intake manifold at engine speed of 1500 rpm. The results indicate that the highest RMS turbulent velocities are achieved at 30o inclination angle of the inlet manifold at the crank angles of 24, 17, 10o before top dead center BTDC and 0o at top dead center TDC. Also, it is found that, the maximum RMSs occur at 0.18 of the radius of the cylinder at crank angle of 24o BTDC but at 0.25 of the radius at crank angles of 17, 10o BTDC and 0o at TDC.}, keywords = {Two stroke engine,Numerical simulation,turbulence}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35599.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35599_48c2a71abf9d116bab9d8cee1310ef65.pdf} } @article { author = {Elbadawy, I. and Anbr, S. and Fatouh, M.}, title = {HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER FLOWING THROUGH SINGLE AND DOUBLE STACK RECTANGULAR MICROCHANNELS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35600}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe generated heat in electronic components whenever electric current flowsthrough them causes their temperatures to rise. In order to minimize the temperaturerise of the components, the dissipation of heat is necessary for their properfunctioning. Copper based microchannel heat sinks have various advantages suchas combine high material compatibility, high surface area per unit volume ratio andlarge potential heat transfer performance with highly sophisticated and economicfabrication process. Thus, the present work aimed at evaluating the heat transfercharacteristics of water flowing through single and double stack rectangularmicrochannels of different aspect ratios in electronic cooling applications underdifferent channel height, channel width and bottom wall thickness by uniform heatflux q = 100 W/cm2 and Re= 800. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(CFD) model is built using the commercial package, ANSYS 14.0, to investigate theheat transfer characteristics of water flowing in single and double stack rectangularmicrochannels heat sink. Results are validated against experimental data obtainedby Qu and Mudawar [1] at uniform heat flux, q = 100 W/cm2 and Re= 1454. Nearlyuniform temperature profile and low temperature gradient are achieved in counterflow.}, keywords = {heat transfer,Microchannels,Heat sink,Numerical study}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35600.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35600_babcf7cedfbdc4c2e04ccab809ccf1c1.pdf} } @article { author = {Kinawy, M. and Cidek, M. and Abd-Elmalak, T.}, title = {AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DESICCANT WHEEL-AIR HUMIDIFIER INTEGRATION IN HOT AND DRY CLIMATES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-21}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35601}, abstract = {ABSTRACTDesiccant dehumidification has emerged as an alternative or as a supplement to conventional vapor compression systems for cooling and conditioning air in commercial and industrial buildings to remove the latent heat load. The advantages of desiccant-based air conditioning systems, compared to conventional ones based on the dehumidification by cooling, have been highlighted in many research papers. The energy saving and the reduction of the environmental impact are higher when the desiccant material is regenerated by using ‘‘free’’ thermal energy.We study performance of air humidifier cooler systems with a rotary desiccant wheel, as the heat and moisture transfer medium in hot and dry climates as an alternative to vapor compression cooling. The wheel is symmetrically balanced and is operated with counter-flow pattern. This investigation examines the effect of operating conditions and different design parameters of desiccant wheel with air humidifier cooler such as: the regeneration temperature, regeneration air mass flow rate, desiccant wheel rotational speed, silica gel quantity (porosity), concentration of calcium chloride solution (mass%), and the concentration of sodium chloride solution (mass%). Air humidifier cooler and desiccant wheel are conducted on a lab-scale unit. Test rig consists of a main unit and accessories were carried out in the laboratories of Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University.}, keywords = {experimental work,Desiccant rotary wheel,Absorption and regeneration, Evaporative system}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35601.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35601_be3d132aa5c22cbe980038fb30432eae.pdf} } @article { author = {Saleh, D. and El-Afandi, G. and Hassan, R.}, title = {WIND ENERGY MODELING OVER WEST AFRICA}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35602}, abstract = {ABSTRACTWind Energy remains one of the few bright spots in renewable energy in the 21stCentury. Wind farms can provide clean, renewable energy to homes, businessesand the agricultural sector. Though Wind energy is the fastest growing component ofrenewable energy sources, it is highly fluctuating in time and space due to theintermittent nature of near-surface winds. Understanding of uncertainties in shorttermprediction of wind energy is becoming increasingly important for a variety ofissues, such as integration into an electricity supply system, local energy balancing,and management of energy resources. To overcome the shortfall of high resolutionin-situ regional wind observations for wind resources assessment in West Africa, thewind conditions have been estimated utilizing the next-generation mesoscalenumerical weather prediction system, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)Model. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of (WRF) Model inwind prediction over two regions in West Africa. The present case study shows thatthe model has performed reasonably well over Dakar, Senegal. On the other hand,the model performance over Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso was unsatisfactory.}, keywords = {Wind energy,WRF,modeling,West Africa}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35602.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35602_1ec19da27d1cae783273643f5fcfc1f7.pdf} } @article { author = {Roy, A. and Maiti, B. and Das, P.}, title = {EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A VERTICAL PLUNGING LIQUID JET SYSTEM}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-21}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35604}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe present investigation is mainly concerned with experimental studies on thehydrodynamic characteristics of vertical plunging liquid jet, impinging on a liquidsurface. To study the structure of biphasic zone below the free surface of liquid,needle type electrical conductivity probe has been designed and extensively used forthe present study. To visualize the two-phase flow field, a high-speed digital camerais also used. The present study provides new methods and application of phasedetection probe to understand the physics of the plunging jet aeration system. Apartfrom the air entrainment characteristics, the geometry of the biphasic zone for thevertical plunging liquid jets also has been investigated. The experimental results arealso compared with the existing correlations and are found to be in good agreement.The overall study contributes to the better understanding of air entrainment processand bubble dispersion for the vertical plunging liquid jets.}, keywords = {Air entrainment,vertical plunging jet,flow visualization,conductivity probes}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35604.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35604_6fee86248ca16e0a6affaa37b9c0f3ee.pdf} } @article { author = {Ayad, A. and Abdalla, H. and Abo El-Azm, A.}, title = {3-D NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF IMPELLER BLADES SLOT ON THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PERFORMANCE USING CFD}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-18}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35605}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe effect of impeller backward blades with slot on the centrifugal pumpperformance has been investigated numerically. Impeller blades have been modifiedwith different geometrical parameters of slot such as: slot radial position, slotheight  and slot inclination angle. 3-D numerical simulation has been carriedout using commercial software, ANSYS® CFX, to study the effect on the pumpperformance at different flow rates. The numerical simulation has been comparedwith previously published experimental results to verify the numerical solution. Inaddition, the results have been compared with the impeller without slots for the sameoperating conditions. It has been shown that the slot parameters have a significanteffect on the centrifugal impeller performance.}, keywords = {computational fluid dynamics (CFD),Blade slot,Centrifugal Pump Performance}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35605.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35605_800cc96fed8407a377f087737afcae21.pdf} } @article { author = {Pascal, M. and Abou El-Azm, A. and Taher, R.}, title = {EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF LEAKAGE COMPENSATION ON DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEMS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-17}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35606}, abstract = {ABSTRACTLeakage compensation in constant load speed hydraulic systems is highly requiredto have a precise control of the job target. To achieve this two options are available,either pump control or flow control. In the present work, experimental investigationof a constant load speed system test rig equipped with proportional electro-hydraulicvalve and variable pump is studied. The leakage compensation has been achievedby controlling the proportional electro-hydraulic valve input volt or controlling thepump speed through frequency modulator. The study aims to highlight the differencebetween these two control options on the dynamic and steady state response of thesystem. The supply and return cylinder pressures, cylinder displacement and flowrate are recorded. Different external leakages have been intentionally introduced inthe connections to the flow control valve to simulate the external system leakage.Results showed that the dynamic and steady state system performance have beenaffected by the system leakage. The volt control signal for proportional DCV andfrequency control for pump control could be used for leakage compensation throughcontroller with a precise control algorithm to compensate leakage in electrohydraulicproportional systems.}, keywords = {External system leakage,leakage compensation,proportional directional control valve,constant load speed hydraulic system}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35606.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35606_7b1a987cf5bf5cbfc41b4b68ee6ae6bc.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdulkarim, J.}, title = {INVESTIGATION OF PREMIXED COMBUSTION PROPERTIES OF GASEOUS FUEL (LPG, PROPANE, AND BUTANE) IN TUBULAR BURNER}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-22}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35691}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn the present research, the propagation properties of premixed combustion at highstability has been investigated using three types of hydrocarbon fuels (LPG, C3H8,and C4H10) in a tubular burner. Experimental work has been carried out for laminarfuel-air mixture.Bunson burner methods were introduced for designing and manufacturing ofintegrated combustion system to get a wide range of equivalence ratio introducing allthe reactance in combustion process, computed and increase the range efficiency ofcombustion stability to (s=9.33%), reducing losses in dead space zone, reducingemissions products by reducing the emission of (NOX,CO).The laminar burning velocity has been computed using two techniques based onflame frontal surface area and angle of frame front with aid of data image of flamefront at atmosphere pressure and Tu=300K for a range of equivalence ratio (0.7<<1.5).Comparison of results with previous literature showed good agreement with thepresent work.}, keywords = {Tubular burner,Premixed Flame,burning velocity,gases emission}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35691.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35691_1479f1ff3168b23b55c1a1ab8119e47c.pdf} } @article { author = {Radwan, M. and Abu-Elyazeed, O. and Attai, Y. and Morsy, M.}, title = {IGNITION DELAY OF JOJOBA BIO-DIESEL AND ITS BLENDS WITH GAS OIL}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35693}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this paper, the ignition delay of jojoba bio-diesel and its blends with gas oil was measured. For this purpose, a shock tube test set up was fully instrumented for delay measurement with two piezo-electric pressure transducers, dual mode charge amplifier, data acquisition card, laptop computer with suitable LabVIEW software. The test variables included the type of fuel, equivalence ratio, ignition temperature and ignition pressure. It was found that increasing the percentage of jojoba bio-diesel in the blend with gas oil exhibited a decrease in the ignition delay. Rich and lean mixtures produced long delays whilst the minimum delay occurred near the stoichiometric mixture. Higher ignition pressures and temperatures reduced the delay. Jojoba biodiesel and its blends were considered to be suitable for running the conventional diesel engine without modification.}, keywords = {Biodiesel,Jojoba,shock tube,Ignition delay}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35693.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35693_1436d1bfc55229aa1edf7634e5c0dc44.pdf} } @article { author = {Zaid, A. and Farag, A. and Belal, T.}, title = {NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SECONDARY AIR INLET CONDITIONS ON A GAS TURBINE COMBUSTOR BURNING NATURAL GAS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-17}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35695}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe present work numerically investigates the effect of secondary air conditions onthe combustion of natural gas/air mixture in a gas turbine combustor. Secondary airis introduced normally at the combustor first half. Secondary air test conditionsinclude its flow rate, entry position, and its arrangement around the combustorperiphery and the total number of inlet ports. Secondary air inlet ports are located atdifferent levels along the combustor length. Each level includes a number of inletports uniformly distributed around the combustor periphery. The number of portslevels varied from four to sixteen and the number of ports in each level varied fromfour to sixteen ports. Thus, the total number of ports varied from 16 up to 256. Theprimary air swirl number is kept constant during tests taking the value of 0.87. Athree dimensional (SST k-omega) model is used to simulate the turbulent isothermalflow and the non-premixed combustion model was used to simulate the turbulentreacting flow using a CFD package Fluent 12. For validation of the models used, acomparison between the calculated axial temperature distributions with themeasured results of other investigators was made and showed a satisfactoryagreement. Secondary air showed a remarkable effect on temperature distributioninside the combustor. For secondary to primary air mass ratio (SPAR) above 0.3, theflame becomes wider in diameter and longer in length when SPAR is increased. TheNO increases by about 58% and 12 % when the SPAR increases from 0 to 90 % forthe ports arrangement of 4x4.}, keywords = {Natural gas combustion,Pollutant emissions,primary air,Secondary air,swirl number and CFD}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35695.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35695_07eb6b1ba2e8da475aa9aef749772e74.pdf} } @article { author = {Shehata, M. and Abdel Razek, S.}, title = {CORN AND SOYBEAN BIODIESEL BLENDS AS ALTERNATIVE FUELS FOR DIESEL ENGINES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-17}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35698}, abstract = {ABSTRACTAn experimental study has been carried out for investigating effect of corn andsoybean biodiesel blends (C20 and S20) with diesel fuel on performance of dieselengine. Tests are conducted with different engine speeds, loads and IP of 180, 190and 200 bar. A/F, mf, Texh, Twall, Pcyl and position of maximum pressure are studied.For high engine speeds, loads and IP, mass of fuel injected, BP, Bth, V, TWall andPcyl for S20 are higher than for diesel fuel while A/F ratio, BSCF and Texh for S20 arelower than for diesel fuel. For 190 bar as IP, Pmax for C20 is higher than for diesel fueland S20. With 200 bar as IP, Pmax for diesel fuel is higher than for C20 and S20 dueto low viscosity, good mixing and high heating value. Position of Pmax attains within14-18 CA deg ATDC for all fuels.}, keywords = {Diesel Engine,Biodiesel fuel,performance,Cylinder pressure}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35698.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35698_fa2d289fc5087262df7523f5fa2f0dc4.pdf} } @article { author = {Rashad, Ahmed}, title = {INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF OXYHYDROGEN ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35699}, abstract = {ABSTRACTEvaluating the performance enhancement of a diesel engine through the addition ofOxy-hydrogen (HHO) gas generated through water electrolysis has beeninvestigated by several researchers. The outcomes were claimed to be verypromising. It is thought however that the results need more investigation. This studyis carried out to evaluate the influence of adding HHO gas into the inlet air on theperformance of a direct injection diesel engine. The experimental work is carried outunder constant speed with varying load and amount of introduced HHO generatedthrough water electrolysis. In this work the results contrary to many publicationshowed that, the thermal efficiency increases only at low loads and the brakespecific fuel consumption consequently decreases at low loads too (up to 23% ofmaximum load). Using oxyhydrogen; the maximum engine power decreases withincreasing electrolyte concentration. The maximum reduction in maximum powerwas (3.8 % to 7.6). An explanation for the results was attempted.}, keywords = {Oxyhydrogen,Thermal Efficiency,fuel consumption}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35699.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35699_896dfe289707b224149ea179832da453.pdf} } @article { author = {Ramadan, A. and Barakat, A. and Etman, M.}, title = {ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CO-OPERATION WITH CONVENTIONAL METHODOLOGIES FOR CONTROLLING OVER WEAR}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35703}, abstract = {ABSTRACTOver wear is one of the problems facing industry especially in the third world countries where storing conditions of inserts and workpieces are not ideal. The climates are completely different during day time and at night. The long storing time causes hardening of pieces specially those stored in open areas.This paper proves that (Artificial intelligence) AI techniques were the key of designing a solution of the over wear problem. (Neural Network) NN proved ability to make more representing model of the turning process than the conventional methods of developing mathematical models. Data used for constructing this model were measured using an experiment of longitudinal turning performed on a CNC machine using force dynamometer of type TELC2010 with a cermet insert fixed to it, work pieces were of steel 52 [1].Also, combination of expert system technique with conventional (Proportional Integral) PI controller using bumpless technique is the key of achieving acceptable behavior of the system under control.}, keywords = {artificial intelligence,Over wear}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35703.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35703_cb564707c1cfa1385daba98198abad12.pdf} } @article { author = {Koura, O.}, title = {VIRTUAL ROLLING GEAR TESTING MACHINE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35705}, abstract = {ABSTRACTMeasurement of geometric errors is required to evaluate the grade of the manufactured gears. Errors such as the composite error, tooth thickness error, profile errors requires special measuring machines such as the rolling testing machine and involutes testers which are not available to all gear users. In many cases the measurement need a master gear for each tested gear which is economically unfeasible. Again, master gears are required for producing templates and special form tools for manufacturing of gears. The present paper faces this problem by proposing a methodology for producing virtual master gears and to use this methodology for computer utilization for indirect assessment based on the virtual gears model (VGM) so that composite and run out errors can be assessed without the need of actual master gears or the need of special gear measuring machines. The methodology of developing a virtual master gear is generated. The model has been tested by measuring various gears and their measured values were analyzed and compared with the virtual gear through special developed software. The model, also, is capable of producing the profile of any addendum modified gear (perfect involutes profile) for the purpose of designing gears.}, keywords = {Virtual master gear,composite gear errors,rolling tester machine,gear measurement and addendum modifications}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35705.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35705_629560a8a15542bd0fea82a9de994c0b.pdf} } @article { author = {But, A. and Marian, R.}, title = {THE MANUFACTURING OPTIMIZATION ON CNC MACHINE TOOLS USING CORRECT MILLING STRATEGIES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-2}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35708}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis paper presents milling strategies and their particularities dedicated for theautomotive and mold & die sectors. The correct choice of these strategies can leadto significantly improved processing times and high surface quality.Based on a real model was put in value these strategies, was analyzed themanufacturing time using different milling strategies.CAM software also require knowledge of these strategies, details of the method thatdefines the processing order and sequence processing is particularly important anddifferentiating modalities and technologies needed to prepare accurate results andexpected results of the processing.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35708.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35708_f4ea899e0fe7c0c61ecb75efdf7c46e3.pdf} } @article { author = {Seleem, S. and Helal, M. and Elassal, A.}, title = {USING COMPUTER SIMULATION IN LEAN MANUFACTURING IMPLEMENTATION}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-25}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35711}, abstract = {ABSTRACTLean manufacturing is a systematic approach to identify and eliminate wastes.Adopting lean manufacturing concepts has become inevitable. It can lead to manyadvantages including higher efficiency, better responsiveness and flexibility, shorterlead times, and lower rework and defect rates. This ultimately reduces theproduction costs, and is appropriate for current business environment where it isrequired to produce a portfolio of products with suitable production capacity.This paper describes the process of transforming an assembly line to work with leanconcepts. A methodology has been developed and used as a framework to utilizevarious lean manufacturing tools in analyzing configuration and performance of theassembly line and identifying the present forms of waste and their causes. Wastesincluded high levels of work-in-process that led to high defect rates, frequentinability to meet production targets within regular capacity, lack of flexibility andexpensive change over between models were identified. Simulation models of themodified (lean) assembly lines were built and used as management decisionsupport tools to investigate further modifications to the lean system.Converting the assembly line into a lean production system led to cutting off work-inprocessby about 82%, reducing cycle time by 30%, and decreasing modelchangeover time from 127.5 min to 11.5 min, in addition, converting the lengthyassembly line to two shorter and parallel assembly lines to produce two modelsconcurrently.}, keywords = {Lean manufacturing,Value Stream Map,Assembly Line,TAKT time,Multi-Skilled operator,Work in Process,Model changeover time,Simulation}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35711.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35711_84c39250eeff7acf13b7b8a1ba239bdc.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahmoud, A. and Afefy, I. and Abdel-Karim, M.}, title = {OPTIMIZATION FOR HIERARCHICAL PRODUCTION PLANNING OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-21}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35714}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this paper, a generalized mathematical model formulation for Cellular Manufacturing System (CMS) using Hierarchical Production Planning (HPP) approach, which is a methodology to introduce the planning process by a series of mathematical models, is proposed. Particularly, the main objective of the CMS is to obtain the optimum method and this optimum method helps to solve the problem of minimizing the variable production costs (production cost, cells setup cost, inventory holding cost and regular capacity cost). Subsequently, the model is applied to two different real case studies and is solved by using operation research optimization software (Lingo-12.0 program). The model is divided into three main steps as follows: data collection, mathematical model formula, and results. The proposed mathematical model of the optimization can solve the problems of the system under utilizing the limited resources in a production plan. To prove the applicability of the proposed model, two real case studies are introduced. The results show generally that the proposed mathematical model can be used to minimize manufacturing total costs of products for similar cases. Specifically, for the first case (Electric Water Heater with capacity 50 liter (EWH1)); the results show that the total cost decreases by 8.46 % for the optimum conditions. In addition, for the second case, (Electric Water Heater with capacity 80 liter (EWH2)); the results indicate that the total cost decreases by 3.7% for the optimum conditions}, keywords = {Hierarchical Production Planning (HPP),Cellular Manufacturing System (CMS),Group Technology (GT),General Manufacturing Company (GMC)}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35714.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35714_7d1084d66908970634c08d905cd5513c.pdf} } @article { author = {Salah, S. and Sobhi, N. and Ali, N.}, title = {INVESTIGATION OF CRITICAL LEAN CULTURE CRITERIA FRAMEWORK FOR LEAN TRANSFORMATION}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-18}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35717}, abstract = {ABSTRACTMany manufacturing companies when implementing lean manufacturing, they onlyemphasize on lean tools and techniques. They ignored the human factor or morespecific they failed to build the right culture. Hence, these companies could notobtain the full benefits of lean manufacturing implementation, and in fact, they arehaving difficulties sustaining the success attained. This paper provides a theoreticallean culture criteria framework for implementation of lean manufacturing. Thisframework builds on the literature review that involves major sources of leanmanufacturing community and also based on Toyota way culture. This studyinvestigates how the lean culture influences the implementation of lean system in allorganizations. The study further explains how an organization can benefit fromassessment of their culture by adopting lean culture framework. It is found from theliterature review that a number of factors need to be taken into account in order toimplement a successful lean system. The framework would enable the organizationsto assess their internal culture before implementing lean methodology.}, keywords = {Lean manufacturing,Organizational culture,lean culture and framework}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35717.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35717_4d0ef1f5c4e3d20abdfb4f2b4f88a361.pdf} } @article { author = {Salah, S. and Sobhi, N. and Ali, N.}, title = {DEVELOPMENT OF LEAN CULTURE ASSESSMENT FOR LEAN MANUFACTURING IMPLEMENTATION}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35719}, abstract = {ABSTRACTMany companies are looking at lean manufacturing for helping them to remain competitive; Lean manufacturing is however more than just a set of tools and techniques as it also requires a change in the organizational culture of the company involved to be a lean culture. The relationship between an organization’s culture and its ability to implement lean six sigma technique is a long-term effort. As a first step, the purpose of this paper is to offer the results of a survey conducted to measure the lean cultures criteria in the manufacturing company which is conducive for successful implementation of lean six sigma methodologies. The method used for this paper study was the questionnaire method using a lean culture assessment questionnaire that has been designed by the researcher that was aligned to the important principles based on Toyota Way model. This study indicates that the existing organizational culture of radiator Production Company is relatively conducive to the implementation of lean principles within the company.}, keywords = {Lean manufacturing,Organizational culture,lean culture assessment,Questionnaire}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35719.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35719_186dcb85ca4f9ddf110a3fa2c1956fdc.pdf} } @article { author = {Radwan, M. and Youssef, A. and Ismael, K. and Merdan, M.}, title = {MULTI OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF PRESSURE CYCLE OF ABS INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35721}, abstract = {ABSTRACTInjection molding is defined as a cyclic process for producing identical products from a mold and it is the most widely used polymer processing operation. The main advantage of this process is the capacity of repetitively fabricating parts. Certain challenges face this process in order to get a defect free product. The control of the cavity pressure is important for maintaining the quality of the plastic product. The common practice in industry is to have a fixed value for the pressure during the filling phase and also during the packing phase of the process. This may lead to the introduction of defects in the final product. This paper presents a mathematical model and experimental verification of a strategy to control the cavity pressure profile during the filling and the packing phases to minimize the flow marks, warpage and shrinkage for an ABS injection molded product. For the packing phase, the efficient frontier method is used to obtain the optimum pressure for minimizing the combination effect between the warpage and the shrinkage. This may be used as a tool for weighing the behavior of these two defects with the variation of the packing pressure. The results showed the effectiveness of the mathematical model used for predicting the filling and pressures to minimize the investigated defects.}, keywords = {Injection molding process,Cavity pressure control,Elimination of the plastic product defects}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35721.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35721_d5455e44de779cc1604f8eb1b97c82f9.pdf} } @article { author = {Sarhan, S. and Afifi, A. and Abbas, M.}, title = {FEATURE RECOGNITION TECHNIQUE FOR MILLING OPERATION}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-20}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35723}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis paper presents a methodology for implementing the feature recognition system for achieving the Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) integration goals. Feature-recognition technology is used for automating the extraction of data from CAD product models to minimize redundant user interaction with a product model. The feature-recognition process was developed using data extracted from DXF file (points, lines, arcs,….) or rule-based methods with wire-frame geometry extracted from an IGES neutral file format ( lines, axis, arcs,….). Use of wire-frame models simplifies product geometry and has the potential to support rapid manufacturing shape evaluation at the conceptual design stage.The developed feature recognition technique involves the reconstruction of the part design features, in the form of manufacturing features (11 manufacturing features). Output data are displayed to the user as design features, and manufacturing features with all required data technique for manufacturing. A case study is given to demonstrate, and verify the proposed algorithm.}, keywords = {Feature Recognition,Computer aided part programming,CAPP,CIM}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35723.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35723_4d4812ec739b6443b42876c4fa21b7df.pdf} } @article { author = {Sarhan, S. and Afifi, A. and Abbas, M.}, title = {COMPUTER AIDED PROCESS PLANNING FOR PRISMATIC PARTS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35729}, abstract = {ABSTRACTComputer aided process planning (CAPP) is the bridge between CAD and CAM.Therefore, the first step towards the total integration of CAD/CAM is the integrationof CAD and CAPP systems.This paper deals with design and development of agenerative computer-aided process planning (CAPP) system for prismaticcomponents.The input to this CAPP system is the created manufacturing features with requireddata, which have been extracted in a previously developed feature recognitionmodule which deals with 2D and 3D CAD systems. The proposed CAPP systemincludes workpiece material database, type of fixation selection, machine toolselection, cutting tool selection, and generation of process plan sheet with minimumnumber of tool changes. The whole CAPP system is developed using Visual Basic6.0. The main feature of the proposed CAPP system is its ability to handle a varietyof prismatic components with large number of features like (external contour, internalcontour, rectangular pocket, circular pocket, slot, holes…) and generate processplans for them. A case study has been included to highlight the potential of theCAPP system.}, keywords = {Computer Aided Process planning,CAPP,intelligent manufacturing systems,CIM}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35729.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35729_4dd6a374f84bc8fd03b929a19b98bfc1.pdf} } @article { author = {Al Wardany, A. and Mahdy, M. and Sonbol, H.}, title = {AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECT OF CNC-EDM WIRE CUTTING PARAMETERS FOR CROSS-FEED TURNING PROCESS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35732}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this investigation, an experimental study in cylindrical wire EDM machining parametersfollowed by statistical analysis is presented for cross-feed turning process.At first, the features of rotary spindle are presented. The spindle has been mountedon a conventional four-axis wire EDM machine to provide the workpiece rotation inorder to generate free form cylindrical geometries. Several experiments are conductedto investigate the influence of six design factors: the depth of cut (a), gab (g),spindle rotational speed (n), pulse time-on (), wire feed speed () and intervaltime () on the material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra) as anindicators of the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the process. Stainless steelk316 is one of the difficult-to-machine material, was used in this study. An L18(× ) Taguchi standard orthogonal array is chosen for the design of experiments(DOE) due to the number of factors and their levels in the investigation. Mini tabSoftware version 16 was used to determine the main effects of the process parameters.Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to find the dependent variablesthat effect the machining characteristics, Regression analysis is performed to find outthe relationship between the different factors and responses, S/N ratio analysis isused to establish the optimum condition.}, keywords = {WEDM,CWEDM,MRR,RA,Taguchi’s L-18 Orthogonal array}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35732.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35732_256f26cd168bb6846ef03e4b19faed1e.pdf} } @article { author = {Emarah, M. and Ibrahim, M. and El Bayoumi, G.}, title = {CONTROL OF UNDERACTUATED ACROBOT SYSTEM USING PARTIAL FEEDBACK LINEARIZATION}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-10}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35735}, abstract = {ABSTRACTUnderactuated mechanical systems are those have fewer actuators than degrees offreedom. They arise in applications, such as space robots, mobile robots, flexiblerobots, walking and gymnastic robots, such as the Acrobot. The swing-up controlproblem is studied for the Acrobot system; as one of the most important benchmarkproblem of the underactuated mechanical systems. The dynamic model based onLagrange formulation is present. Then, the design of the swing up control provided.The design methodology is based on applying partial feedback linearization in a firststage to linearized the unactuate degree of freedom pushing the Acrobot as near aspossible to its equilibrium point. Then, switch to a balancing controller linearquadratic regulator (LQR), which forces the Acrobot to reach its equilibrium upwardposition.}, keywords = {Underactuated mechanical systems,Acrobat,Swing up control,Partial feedback linearization}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35735.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35735_dcc3d35d0355d73289d6e34c8ada1f23.pdf} } @article { author = {Mokbel, H. and Ying, L. and Hua, C.}, title = {A NEW CONCEPT FOR THE LINE OF SIGHT STABILIZATION “BALL STABILIZATION”}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35740}, abstract = {ABSTRACTFor the purpose of directing the Line Of Sight (LOS) of Electro-Optical (EO) devices,two methods of Inertially Stabilized Platforms (ISP) are commonly used; the MassStabilization and the Mirror Stabilization. Whereas, in this research we present forthe first time the new concept for the LOS stabilization, that we called “BallStabilization”, which permits the angular rotations of the EO devices in the Azimuthand Elevation directions inside a spherical enclosure by using piezoelectric edgeactuators and without the need of gimbals for each direction. The working principle,system analysis, conditions for optimal stabilization process, kinematics and dynamicmodeling, and the experimental system are all discussed within this work. Theelimination of gimbals has reduced the size and inertia forces of the system thatfacilitate the achievement of high resolution of 10-5º within a compact size of 130 mmin diameter and a filed of view of ±30º in both directions, angular rates of 210º /s andangular acceleration of 24x103º /s2.}, keywords = {Line Of Sight (LOS),Inertially Stabilized Platform (ISP),piezoelectric actuators}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35740.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35740_e544d05736d714125357dbdffd401ef0.pdf} } @article { author = {Eldreny, W. and Elnashar, G. and Hegazi, M. and Badawy, A.}, title = {DYNAMIC MODEL AND ANALYSIS OF A HEXAPOD ROBOT}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35744}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis paper presents a dynamic model of a six-legged robot. The direct and inversekinematic analyses for each leg are considered in order to develop an overallkinematic model of the robot. Feet forces distributions of the hexapod are calculatedin order to solve for the dynamic model of the hexapod. Lagrange-Euler formulationis then used to determine the joint torques required for each leg of the hexapod.However, in order to have a better understanding of walking, dynamic stability,energy efficiency, and on-line control, kinematic and dynamic models based on arealistic walking robot design are necessary. Here, an attempt to carry outkinematics, dynamics and optimal feet force distributions of a realistic six-leggedrobot.}, keywords = {Robot dynamics,Legged robot,Path Planning,Lagrange-Euler dynamics,Inverse kinematics}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35744.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35744_9f54e8556d93ec9d723e3fb75b358412.pdf} } @article { author = {Calle, M. and Alves, M.}, title = {DETERMINING MATERIAL CONSTITUTIVE PARAMETERS ON STEEL SHEETS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35747}, abstract = {ABSTRACTFinite element analysis is extensively employed to predict the structural response ofmechanical components so reducing costs of experimental programs. However,among other aspects, the accuracy of the input material parameters in the finiteelement modeling strongly determines the simulation accuracy. The aim of this studyis to evaluate the material constitutive parameters, considering an elasto plasticmaterial model with strain rate sensitivity and failure and by using an inversemethodology. The evaluated material was a mild steel sheet used in scale models ofnaval structures. Quasi static and dynamic tests were performed and the so obtainedmaterial parameters were corroborated through numerical modelings of notched andshear specimens tests. Finally, a discussion about the evaluation of strain ratesensitivity model and failure criteria parameters is also presented.}, keywords = {Material characterization,strain rate sensitivity,Failure,steel sheet}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35747.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35747_8eb815424870de2aa29c9ec9731ce1f1.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelsalam, O.}, title = {IMPROVEMENT OF RESIDUAL STRESSES IN THICK WALL CYLINDERS USING MULTIPLE AUTOFRETTAGE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-13}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35748}, abstract = {ABSTRACTAutofrettage and Re-autofrettage processes have been used to generate compressive residual stress at the near bore area of the cylinder to enhance the load carrying capacity of the cylindrical pressure vessels. These processes’ main drawback appears in the detrimental high tensile residual stress at the outer part of the cylinder. On the basis of these findings, internal surface autofrettage combined with external surface autofrettage processes have been used to improve not only by increasing of compressive residual stress at the near bore area but also by decreasing of tensile residual stress at the outer surface area. For these cyclic plasticity processes, an accurate finite element model governed by non-linear kinematic hardening model (Chaboche model) has been used. This model simulates the measured stress-strain actual behavior for NiCrMoV125 steel alloy.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35748.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35748_865fe24ecea92f48390e9b090a689fa9.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Gohary, A. and Maalawi, K. and Negm, H.}, title = {AEROELASTIC OPTIMIZATION OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED WINGS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-19}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35751}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis paper presents a model for aeroelastic optimization of functionally graded, plate subsonic wings. The objective is the maximization of the critical flight speed at which wing divergence occurs, while maintaining the total structural mass at a constant value equals to that of a known baseline design. The major aim of the study is to tailor the fiber volume fraction distribution in order to improve the wing aeroelastic performance and broaden its stability boundaries without mass penalty. Various power-law mathematical expressions describing material grading along the wing span as well as the airfoil thickness directions have been utilized, where the power exponent is taken as a main design variable. The pre-assigned aerodynamic parameters are chosen to be the wing area, aspect ratio and chord taper ratio. The mathematical model employs the classical plate and beam theories for determining elastic deformations of the wing structure, and the modified strip theory for calculating the aerodynamic loads that arise from these deformations. This representation, together with the classical lamination theory, allows the solution of the wing divergence problem using the finite element method. The resulting optimization problem has been solved by invoking the MATLAB optimization Toolbox routines, which implement the sequential quadratic programming method. Adequate scaling and non-dimensionalization of the various parameters and variables are utilized in order to make the model valid for a variety of wing configurations and types of material of construction. A case study involving the optimization of a tapered plate subsonic wing made of carbon-AS4/epoxy-3501-6 composites is presented. Trends for good designs having expanded aeroelastic stability boundary under the imposed mass constraint are discussed. Results show that the approach implemented in this study can be efficient in producing improved designs in a reasonable computer time.}, keywords = {Structural optimization,Material grading,aeroelasticity,divergence,Finite Elements}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35751.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35751_f85c57532f16a5ca5d6b7c6097e1a418.pdf} } @article { author = {Gonzales, M.}, title = {STRUCTURAL IMPACT}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35753}, abstract = {ABSTRACTStructural impact is concerned to the behavior of mechanical structures subjected to large dynamic, impact or blast loadings, which induce inelastic structural deformations. In these cases, the material behavior is influenced by high strain rates so leading to erroneous predictions of the structural response if the strain rate influence is not taken into account. This presentation is of interest for safety calculations, hazard assessments and energy absorbing systems employed in industrial, military, civil and scientific areas. The seminar outlines basic aspects of the experimental and numerical analysis of mechanical structures subjected to dynamic loads, such as strain rate influence on the stress strain curve, constitutive models for strain rate sensitivity of materials and experimental evaluation of their parameters. The required equipment for measuring, recording and analyzing test data at high loading rates is also explored.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35753.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35753_0182eff0dd04857f3847a5632ff3c9b3.pdf} } @article { author = {Elshafei, M. and Ajala, M. and Riad, A.}, title = {MODELING STRESS OF SMART BEAM WITH THERMO-PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECTS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-24}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35754}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn the present work, stress modeling using finite element technique is proposed todescribe the response of laminated composite beam with piezoelectric actuators dueto mechanical, electrical, and thermal loads. The assumed field displacementsequations are represented by first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), theTimoshenko beam theory. The equation of motion of the smart beam system isderived using the principle of minimum potential energy. A cubic shape function isused to represent the axial displacement u, a quadratic shape function for thetransverse displacement w, where the normal rotation x f , electric potential j , andthermal temperature q are represented by a linear shape. A MATLAB code isdeveloped to compute the static and stresses deformations of the structure systemdue to the thermal loads. The shear correction factor is used to improve the obtainedresults. The obtained results are compared to the available results of otherinvestigators, good agreement is generally obtained.}, keywords = {Finite element method,piezoelectric actuators,thermal stress,Timoshenko beam theory,smart composite structure}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35754.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35754_f6ea5b1867b3965d8f2b9727b53a2670.pdf} } @article { author = {Tyurekhojaev, A. and Mamatova, G.}, title = {MOTION OF AN AXISYMMETRIC RIGID BODY WITH VARIABLE INERTIA MOMENTS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35757}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe problem of the motion of a rigid body with fixed point is one of the urgentproblems of classical mechanics. The peculiarity of this problem is that, despite theimportant results achieved by outstanding mathematicians during more than the lasttwo centuries, there is still no complete solution. In this paper, an analytical solutionof the problem of motion of an axially symmetrical rigid body with variable inertiamoments in resistant medium described by a system of nonlinear differential L. Eulerequations, involving the method of partial discretization of nonlinear differentialequations, built by A.N. Tyurekhodjaev on the basis of the theory of generalizedfunctions [1].}, keywords = {Symmetrical rigid body,spherical motion,variable moment of inertia,medium with resistance}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35757.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35757_9a375079badf44ed146bfcf7874eac1d.pdf} } @article { author = {Abbas, M. and Elshafei, M. and Negm, H.}, title = {MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY LAMINATED COMPOSITE PLATES}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-30}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35760}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn the present work, laminated composite plates with surface bonded shape memoryalloy sheets are modeled and analyzed based on the modified higher-order sheardeformation theory. The energy balance equations in conjunction with Brinson’s SMAconstitutive model are used to formulate the heat transfer governing equations. Thestatic responses as well as dynamic characteristics of the plates are obtained usingRitz solution technique. The plates are subjected to mechanical loads with two typesof boundary conditions, simply-supported and cantilevered. A Mathematica code isdeveloped to analyze different plate problems. The time response of the shapememory alloy laminated composite plate is studied. The obtained results arecompared to the available studies solved by different theories. Parametric studies areconducted to demonstrate the effect of thickness ratio, aspect ratio, materialproperties, thermal expansion coefficient, and thickness of shape memory alloy sheeton the transverse deflections, natural frequencies, and response time.}, keywords = {Shape memory alloys,composite plate,Higher-order shear deformation theory,heat transfer modeling,Ritz energy method,static and dynamic analysis of plates}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35760.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35760_ada7f9ccb894f9588c7cae403366dc50.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Etriby, A. and Abdel-Meguid, M. and Hatem, T. and Bahei-El-Din, Y.}, title = {A MULTISCALE-BASED MODEL FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH EMBEDDED PZT FILAMENTS FOR ENERGY HARVESTING}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35761}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis current study focuses on utilizing Composite Materials with Embedded PZTFilaments for Energy Harvesting. It represents a multi-scale approach to modelembedded PZT filaments in polymer based composite material. The work presentedmodels multifunctional composite materials and structures on multiscalesconsidering piezoelectric response to mechanical loads for the reinforcement ofunidirectional composites, which are used to construct laminates of a general layup;both membrane and bending vibrational loads are considered.The solution for the local fields is determined in terms of a transformation fieldanalysis scheme in which the local stresses or strains, which are cannot be removedby mechanical unloading are treated as eigen fields applied in an otherwise elasticmedium. In the current application, the latter represents an aggregate ofunidirectional plies and their phases. Both two phase models such as the Mori-Tanaka model and periodic array models are employed. The solution for the overallresponse is determined in terms of refined plates theory using Carrera unifiedformulation. The overall electro-mechanical properties used are obtained from thetransformation field analysis conducted earlier.The proposed modeling strategy is applied to fibrous laminates subjected tomechanical loads. These results were then verified experimentally by usingpiezoelectric ceramic composites. These smart structures will be an importantcomponent in future designs of energy harvesting and multi-functional devoices toincrease efficiency and recover energy.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35761.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35761_eb1cdd532722811c32b12e2418acb474.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdulla, M. and Hassan, T.}, title = {ANALYSIS OF A LIGHT AIRCRAFT RESPONSE TO GUST WIND BASED ON NONLINEAR MODEL}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-13}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35764}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis work simulates and analyzes the behavior and performance of a light aircraft insteady level flight subjected to gust wind. A home-made code is developed usingMATLAB to simulate the aircraft behavior using the nonlinear 6-DOF and theaerodynamics and engine model were utilized in this code. The gust model used inthis analysis is sine-wave shaped gust.The aerodynamic behavior of this aircraft was investigated using CFD at differentangles of attack and side slip angles. The x, y and z forces and moments werecalculated at a flight speed of 50m/s and at sea level conditions. Lift and drag curvesfor different angles of attack were determined. The maximum lift coefficient for thisaircraft was 1.67 at angle of attack of 17º ; the maximum lift to drag ratio (L/D) wasfound to be 13 at =2º, and the zero lift drag coefficient was 0.0342. Also, the yawingmoment coefficient was determined for different side slip angles as well as rollingmoment. The static stability of the aircraft was analyzed based on these results.Also, USAF digital DATCOM was used to estimate the dynamic derivatives of thevehicle. The engine was modeled by a simple model such that engine power andthrust vary with altitude and speed.The simulation results indicate that the aircraft is stable, controllable and the gustwind effect is eliminated and damped in a few seconds. In addition, the load factorincrement due to gust effect is not critical.}, keywords = {Nonlinear 6 DOF equation of motion,CFD,aerodynamics model,and gust wind}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35764.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35764_3cbbf8baadd0fd8b75c82f72e910c533.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-Soaly, E.}, title = {DETECTION OF STRESS STATE IN A PRESSURIZED THICK– WALLED CYLINDER BY MEASURING STRAINS ON ANNULAR PLATE SURFACE}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35765}, abstract = {ABSTRACTMeasurement of Stresses and displacements inside thick cylinders, such as rocketpropellant grain and barrels, is a difficult problem. It is observed that governingequations for solution of an annular plate, under edge moment, are analogous to thatof thick walled cylinder under internal pressure. This analogy can be used to detectthe stresses and displacement inside a thick walled cylinder by measuring of surfacestresses and slope angle of an annular plate, which can be easily measured usingelectric wire strain gauges. In the present study, isotropic character for both plateand cylinder is considered. However, if same material is used for both, the obtainedexpressions are greatly simplified. Two cases of study are treated: a thick cylinderunder internal pressure bounded by a rigid wall, as a model of rocket propellantgrain, for the first, and with free outer-boundary, as a model of barrel for the second.}, keywords = {pressure vessels,thick walled cylinders,circular plates,experimental stress analysis}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35765.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35765_a6c0eeff36a1953231490eb0349e11b3.pdf} } @article { author = {Kamel, B. and El-Anwar, M. and El-Chazly, N.}, title = {DESIGN OF HYDROGEN STORAGE TANKS FABRICATED FROM COMPOSITE MATERIALS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35772}, abstract = {ABSTRACTUse of polymer composites in manufacturing hydrogen storage tanks, allowsminimizing the weight, improving the aesthetic and also increasing the pressurevessel mechanical, impact and corrosion behavior. In this paper, cylindricalcomposite pressure vessels constituting of metallic internal liner and filament woundcomposite material as the outer shell were investigated. The Finite Element Methodis used to predict the mechanical behavior of pressure vessels. The influence ofmetallic and composite layers thicknesses, number of composite layers and windingangle of filament-wound composite on the designed tank were investigated. Aparametric study was performed to find out the optimal tank design.}, keywords = {Finite Element,Hydrogen storage,tanks,design,composites}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35772.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35772_cd15b29de15e44ebfdda8036c5833390.pdf} } @article { author = {Yilmaz, H. and Bedir, F. and Elmas, U.}, title = {EXPERIMENTALLY INVESTIGATING THE BALLISTIC PROPERTIES OF THE POLYMER-MATRIXED LAYERED AND FIBERREINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS}, journal = {The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering}, volume = {16}, number = {16th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Military Technical College}, issn = {2636-4352}, eissn = {2636-4360}, doi = {10.21608/amme.2014.35774}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this study, the ballistic properties of the hybrid armor samples that have differentnumber of layers of para-aramid material Kevlar 129, polyethylene material SB21and woven material E-glass, produced by hand lay-up and hand-pressing with usingepoxy resin matrix against 9 mm bullet, were investigated experimentally. In the teststhe protection levels are applied per NIJ 0101.04 standards (National Institute ofJustice (NIJ) Level III A, the approved U.S.A. Ballistic Standard). Results show thatthe area of the delamination is important to quantify the ballistic properties.}, keywords = {High Velocity Impact,polymer matrix composite,Ballistic properties}, url = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35774.html}, eprint = {https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_35774_d813ffc58a75c1c536668b3c01fa0e06.pdf} }