ABSTRACTEgypt Government decided to implement a new advanced Railways Tracking and ControlSystem (RTCS). The main aim is to protect the citizen’s (passengers) life, future, and businessthrough achieving quick trains-conflict detection, and resolution, short response times in theevent of disasters and other operational disturbances, and elimination of most or all “humanfactors” trains accidents. TRCS can also overcome the problem of railways traffic congestionwhich has increasingly become a major economic barrier to the flow of goods across thecountry. A team has been dedicated for the Egyptian RTCS project where the systeminvestigation, data gathering, feasibility study, data analysis, system design phases have beenaccomplished and the project is now in the real implementation phase. The new advancedRTCS combines real-time rescheduling with an advanced train control tool. The system isdesigned to increase railway network capacity and stability in heavily used mixed trafficnetworks while minimizing the cost of building new railway infrastructure. The system combinesreal-time rescheduling, train control, and a new strategy for train operations into a coordinatedMain Control Center (MCC) for traffic management. This approach is based on saturated use ofnetwork capacity bottlenecks, which is implemented by ensuring that MCC and every trainalways have up-to-date, conflict free schedule containing time, and speed and routeinformation. The implementation of the Egyptian RTCS shall provide the input data about therailway subsystem (i.e. stations, locomotives, trains, trips…etc) that help in modeling the RTCS.The objectives of the modeling are to assign the fleet of locomotives to a network of trains whilesatisfying a variety of trips constraints and minimizing the total economic cost.The research on the modeling of railways transportation include scheduling theory, graph theory,mathematical programming, operational theory, and some have addressed the problem of trafficcontrolling from multiple levels’ points of view. In this paper, RTCS planning is formulated asMixed Integer Programming (MIP) problem. The modeling network is a weekly space-timenetwork where arcs denote trains, nodes denote events (arrivals and departures of trains atterminals), and different locomotive types define different commodities.The objectives of this paper are to present the building of Egyptian RTCS project effort and toemphasis on the benefits of implementing this project as well as to present the use of integerMIP techniques for modeling such an RTCS.