FEASIBILITY OF USING HIGHLY COLD AIR IN AIR CONDITIONING IN RIYADH
ZEITOUN
M.
Associate Professor, Mech. Eng. Dept., College of Engineering, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe feasibility of using highly cold air in air conditioning systems in Riyadh City wasinvestigated. Computational fluid dynamics technique was used to study airdistributions inside rooms for moderate and highly cold air supply systems. Thecurrent investigation was conducted under the real conditions represent airconditioning loads and weather in Riyadh city in the Kingdome of Saudi Arabia.Comparisons between comfort levels under different supply air temperature from 5oC (highly cold) to 15 oC (classical system) were conducted. The comparisonindicated that using highly cold air system can improve air quality and comfortconditions inside air-conditioned spaces in Riyadh City.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38932_7743cdde0dabd3ab76e9eeeb46b82440.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38932
NUMERICAL HYDRODYNAMIC AND THERMAL BEHAVIORS IN A CHANNEL WITH ATTACHED AND DETACHED RIBS
KANOUN
M.
PhD Student, Computational Fluid Dynamics and Transfer Phenomena Unit, Dept. of
Mechanical Eng., National school of engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Tunisia.
author
BACCAR
M
Professor, Computational Fluid Dynamics and Transfer Phenomena Unit, Dept. of
Mechanical Eng., National school of engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Tunisia.
author
MSEDDI
M
Professor, Faculty of Science, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA numerical investigation has been undertaken to study fluid flow and heat transferthrough channels roughened by arrays of either attached or detached ribs. Thistechnique is spilled extensively in the internal cooling. Indeed, the heat transferenhancing ribs are widely used in many industrial applications such as the cooling ofgas turbine blades, and heat exchangers. Calculations are carried on five geometricconfigurations. The governing equations are solved in a two-dimensional domain usinga control volume method and the SIMPLE algorithm for the velocity-pressure couplingis employed. The rib height-to-channel hydraulic diameter, detached distance-to-heightratio, pitch-to-height ratio, Reynolds and Prandtl numbers are respectively fixed ath=0.2, C=0 and C=0.5, p=10, Re=500 and Pr=0.71. The grid is non uniform and ishighly concentrated close to the rib to capture high gradient velocity, pressure andtemperature. A uniform temperature through the ribs and all walls was assumed. Theinteraction between the hydrodynamics and thermal structures is put in evidence.Geometrical configurations effect on flow and heat transfer has been detailed by asystematic analysis. From the local results carrying on the temperatures pattern, theprofiles of the local Nusselt number in channel is presented for different geometricalconfigurations.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38934_57a8e2bd4046b123cdbc6cc2ca0e9246.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38934
AIR FLOW PATTERNS IN AN AIR CONDITIONED MEASURING EQUIPMENT LABORATORY
FARAG
M.
Egyptian Air Force.
author
KHALIL
E.
Mechanical Power Engineering Department , Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
MORKOS
M.
Mechanical Power Engineering Department , Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTCalibration for the measuring instruments in the Air Force Measuring EquipmentLaboratories, are considered to be one of the reasons for flight success in Egyptian AirForce. Hence, they should be preserved from the different factors that might causeharm or decrease the accuracy in calibration for the measuring instruments. One ofthese factors is the excessive relative humidity as it affects the mechanical and physicalproperties of the standard instruments that are considered the reference. Measuringinstruments need to be calibrated from time to time to provide high accuracy in use thatoccurs by comparing a measuring device (uncalibrated) against an equal or betterstandard.The present paper focuses on the heat transfer interactions on the air flow in PrecisionMeasuring Equipment Laboratories (PMEL). Many PMELs built or renovated in recentyears have not met minimum operating environment standards. The impact of flowparameters on the air flow pattern were investigated. This offers the designer a betterview of design limits to enable him to adequately select the optimum design from a widenumber of alternative options and to use them in forecasting and even monitoring. Airmovement inside enclosures prediction via CFD is a strong tool for reaching betterdesigns for inlets and outlets positions in ventilated spaces. Fluent ComputationalSoftware [1] was used to predict the parameters affecting the air distribution inside airconditionedspaces. Continuity, momentum, energy, and species transport equations inaddition to k-epsilon model equations for turbulence closure were solved using finitevolume method. Furthermore the paper includes full-scale actual existing spaceexperiments, to obtain good documented full-scale measurements in actual ventilatedlaboratory room that can be used for comparison with CFD-simulations.Many of the reported comparisons were found in good agreement with experiments andaided the assessment of the numerical procedure application to air-conditioned spaces.Finally, it was found that the optimum airside system design should allow the air to passall the enclosure areas before being extracted. Temperature and humidity control arecrucial elements of laboratory design. Since temperature fluctuations also affecthumidity, its control is especially important. Also a restriction should be made for themechanical and optical disciplines, the internationally accepted temperature is notexceed 20°C.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38941_02cd37bfced478bce01bf47f290e5f74.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38941
APPLICATION OF CFD TECHNIQUE FOR ASSESEMENT OF ROAD TUNNEL VENTILAION
HAMAD
Y.
Syrian Armed Forces.
author
IBRAHIM
G.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
ELSHAMARKA
E.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe most recent technique to study the behavior of tunnel ventilation is computational fluiddynamics (CFD). This approach is capable of modeling the multi-dimensional, obstructedand non-obstructed tunnels of arbitrary geometry. This paper addressed the methodologyimprovement for the design of ventilated road tunnels using CFD technique. Acomprehensive CFD simulation has been carried out to examine the velocity, pressure andtemperature distributions in the main scenario of tunnel ventilation in case of normal andhalted traffic. The predicted results are used to enhance the design and evaluate theventilation system capability to fulfill the required thermal environment inside the tunnel.The base design of tunnel ventilation system was modified to avoid the unsafe regions inthe tunnel where the effects of carbon monoxide (CO) are hazard.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38946_db45af09a0b14296dc15ac2819bef3e3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38946
UTILIZATION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND POWDER IN RUBBER COMPOUNDS AS A NOVEL REINFORCING MATERIAL
POLAT
S.
Assist. Prof . Dr, Dpt. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Kocaeli University,
Turkey.
author
KARAGOEZ
S.
Prof. Dr.,Dpt. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Kocaeli University, Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTNano scaled materials have improved mechanical properties compared to theconventional ones due to their extremely large surface areas. Nano silicon carbide,nano zinc oxide, nano clays, nano starch and nano alumina can be named amongmany others. The nanocrystalline diamond powder used in this study as rubberreinforcing material has been synthesized by explosive detonation, a method thatgained importance since the mid 1980s. Free carbon atoms are released when anexplosive deficient in oxygen, usually a TNT/RDX (trinitrotoluene/hexogene) mixture, isdetonated in a preservative material. Nano-sized diamond crystallites are formed bycoagulation and rearrangement of these carbon atoms under the high temperature andhigh pressure condition produced by the detonation reaction. Diamond powdersynthesized by explosive detonation has a particle size in the range 1-15 nm. It is wellknown that particle size of a filler must be lower than 100 nm in order to have areinforcing effect in rubber compounds. Thus, nanocrystalline diamond powder has agreat potential, as a rubber reinforcing material, provided that it is well dispersed andcan be attached to the polymer molecules. In the present study diamond powder isadded to a rubber formulation used on tank pallets at varying phr (parts per hundredparts of rubber, by weight) values. The change in physical and mechanical properties ofthe compound has been investigated and considerable improvement is observed inabrasion resistance even at low phr levels.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38948_2ced997c085afaeb6729d8e1b9894046.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38948
FABRICATION OF MAGNESIUM ALLOY FROM A PRE-ALLOYED POWDER USING HOT DIE COMPACTION PROCESS
ZULKOFFLI
Z.
Graduate student, Dept of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, National
University of Malaysia.
author
DAUD
M.
Graduate student, Dept of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, National
University of Malaysia.
author
SYARIF
J.
Lecturer, Dept of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, National University of
Malaysia.
author
SAJURI
Z.
Lecturer, Dept of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, National University of
Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTAZ91D magnesium alloy was fabricated by using pre-alloyed powder compressedwithout any binder agent at 280oC under the compaction pressure of 200 MPa atdifferent time intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours. Some of the compressed sampleswere then undergone a sintering process at temperature of 450oC for 3 and 6 hours.Furnace cooling was performed after the sintering. Microstructure and hardness of eachspecimen were investigated. The microstructures observation and hardnessinvestigation of the as-hot compacted and sintered samples were then compared. Theresults showed that microstructure transformation occurred due to the hot compactionand the sintering for 3 and 6 hours. The as-hot compacted samples showed a grownglobular precipitates (β phase, Mg17Al12) distributed uniformly in grains. However, aftersintering process, lamellar precipitates took place and dominated the grains. The as-hotcompacted sample showed higher hardness value compared to the 3 hours and 6 hourssintered samples.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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8
17
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38952_537770bd199a6fd493efc82b3631d3ff.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38952
CARBON-POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITE ON BASE OF NANOFIBER TEXTILE PRODUCED BY NANOSPIDER METHOD
ROŻEK
Z.
PhD student, Dpt. of Mater. Sc. and Eng., Technical University, Liberec,
Czech Republic.
author
KACZOROWSKI
W.
PhD, Dpt. of Mater. Sc. and Eng., Technical University, Lodz, Poland.
author
LUKÁŠ
D.
Professor, Dpt. of Nonwovens., Technical University, Liberec, Czech Republic.
author
LOUDA
P.
Professor, Dpt. of Mater. Sc. and Eng., Technical University, Liberec,
Czech Republic.
author
MITURA
S.
Professor, Dpt. of Mater. Sc. and Eng., Technical University, Lodz, Poland.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTDue to specific properties of carbon coatings, they have been used in a lot ofapplications for many years. Plotted on the substrate they mainly fulfill protectivefunction. Currently a lot of attention is dedicated to carbon coatings produced onpolymer substrate. In this case plasma enhanced CVD methods play a very importantrole. Using these methods makes carbon coatings synthesis possible in lowertemperature.Carbon coatings have been plotted on to polymer substrate [poly (vinylalcohol) (PVA),polyurethane (PUR)], by Microwave Radio Frequency Plasma Assisted ChemicalVapour Deposition (MW/RF PA CVD) method. Plasma has been aroused in pure amethane atmosphere. Nanofiber textile has been used as the substrate produced bymodern Nanospider method. The Nanospider is the modification of the electrospinning.Nanocomposite obtained in this way was characterized by the contact angle studies.The nanocomposite structure was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).The results of investigations are presented.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38955_17a17e8b56a06aaa5313e61511ea2da6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38955
MORPHOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SINGLE CRYSTALLINE SILICON NANOWIRES AT NEAR-ROOM TEMERATURES
CHEN
C-Y
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (R. O. C.).
author
WU
C-S
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (R. O. C.).
author
CHOU
C-J
Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, National Tsing
Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (R. O. C.).
author
YEN
T-J
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (R. O. C.).
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTBy using a statistic electroless metal deposition (SEMD) method, here we report themorphological controllability of single crystalline silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with respectto their orientations, diameters, and lengths. The growth axis of single crystallineSiNWs on three oriented Si wafers- (100), (110) and (111)- is the [100] direction.Furthermore, the consistent results examined based on the arrays of SiNWs evidentlyindicate that the [100] direction is the preferential axial orientation of fabricated SiNWsin all cases. Notice that our observation is different from the previous reports, and sucha corresponding formation mechanism of anisotropic SiNWs can be successfullyelucidated by both lattice configuration of oriented Si surfaces and the passivationeffect on the H-terminated planes. Next, the diameter control of SiNWs is achieved byemploying the Taguchi methods, proving the capability of controlling the diameter withnarrow distribution and comprehension of the influences from all process factors. Thelength of SiNWs presents fast and linear dependence with the immersion time. Inaddition to the morphological control of SiNWs, our statistic EMD technique providesfurther advantages such as almost room-temperature operation and catalyst/dopantfree, paving a way towards the implementation of SiNWs in nanoelectronics, nanoscaleoptoelectronics, nano-electro-mechanical systems, and biological detection.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38962_76abbd931a865a8a7070bb8b2aa061f1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38962
EFFECT OF HIGH TEMERATURE TREATMENT ON THE PROPERTIES OF CORDIERITE- ZIRCONIA NANOCOMPOSITES
AWAAD
M.
National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
author
KENAWY
H.
National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
author
NAGA
M.
National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTPure cordierite and cordierite - ZrO2 composites containing 10, 20 and 30 wt% Y2O3stabilized ZrO2 have been prepared by dispersing ZrO2 powder in cordierite sol. Theevolution of crystalline phases and the microstructure have been studied using X-raydiffraction and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that increasing both ZrO2content and firing temperature enhanced the bodies' density. Mullite net and rodscrystallize in the composite matrix when it heat treated at 1450°C. The beneficial effectsof mullite and ZrO2 on the bending strength of the fabricated composites have beendescribed.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38964_23e1fc62b5ab3a12c985f1def506fcab.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38964
EFFECT OF LOW VELOCITY IMPACT DAMAGE ON COMPOSITE PLATES
YAPICI
A.
Assistant professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Eng., Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
author
METIN
M.
Graduate student, Dpt. of Mechanical Eng., Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
author
UYANER
M.
Assistant professor, Kadinhani Faik Icil Vocational School, Selcuk University,
Konya, Turkey.
author
KARA
M.
Lecturer, Kadinhani Faik Icil Vocational School, Selcuk University, Konya,
Turkey.
author
ESKIZEYBEK
V.
Research Assistant, Dpt. of Mechanical Eng., Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this study unidirectional E-glass/epoxy composite plates were tested. The panelswere cut into specimens of 140x140 mm in dimension with an average thickness of 3mm and stacking sequence of [+45/-45/90/0]2s The impact tests performed withimpactor mass (18 kg) at five different impact velocities (2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 m/s)were conducted with a specially developed vertical drop weight testing machine. Thediameter of the impactor with a hemispherical nose was 24 mm. The center of eachplate was exposed to impact loading. The differences in the impact responses ofspecimens with varying impact velocities are characterized.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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1
8
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38971_9b0ea111f8587a0c49f1ce11a0fc32af.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38971
PULSED GASEOUS DETONATION GUNS FOR COATING DEPOSITION
KHARLAMOV
A.
Professor, Dpt of Mech. Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering
Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan.
author
KHARLAMOV
Y.
Associate professor, Dpt. of Computer Sciences, Vladimir Dalh East Ukrainian
National University, Lugansk, Ukraine.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper is devoted to recent accomplishments in basic and applied research ongaseous detonation guns for thermal spraying. The conditions of processing powdermaterials are governed by the thermal, velocity, and chemical relaxation of particles in ahigh-temperature two-phase pulsed stream generated at every working cycle of thegaseous detonation guns (GDG). The relaxation of particles is conditioned by theparameters of the entire system under consideration and depends not only on theenergy of a single pulse and the parameters of the high-temperature gaseous medium,but also on the spatial arrangement of a fresh gas charge and a single dose (meteredamount) of powder. The classification and design concepts of detonation guns arediscussed. The possible versions of D-guns operation cycle are described. The betterunderstandings of knowledge of the involved phenomena are necessary forimprovement of the design of gaseous detonations guns.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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9
20
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38975_f0ed66178403ee16d86d259163a10034.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38975
IMPACT DAMAGE PREDICTION IN SHELL STRUCTURES
El-FARRAN
M.
Ph.D. Student in Aircraft Structure, Department Of Aerospace Engineering, Cairo
University.
author
ABUELFOUTOUH
M.
Professor of Aircraft Structures, Department Of Aerospace Engineering, Cairo University.
author
NEGM
M.
Professor of Aircraft Structures, Department Of Aerospace Engineering, Cairo University.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper describes a method for predicting how much impact kinetic energy isneeded to deform, penetrate, and perforate a shell structures. This method based onstrain rate effects, non linear materials, and cross section area reduction. An explicitfinite element solver was developed to investigate the relationship between theimpactor and target under different impact load cases. The study shows that theimpactor can deform, penetrate, and perforate the structure depending on the shape,and the velocity of the impactor besides the material properties of both the impactorand the structure. This paper considers a shell structure response subjected to rigidspherical impactor with a fixed weight at different impact speeds ranging between 10m/s to 150 m/s.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38980_708cdd9f447e2f7ce9f7aa0c6d737e72.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38980
DYNAMICS AND STABILITY OF GUN-BARRELS WITH MOVING BULLETS
WAGIH
A.
Egyptian Air-force, Cairo, Egypt.
author
ALADIN
M.
Modeling and Simulation in Mechanics, German University in Cairo.
author
TAWFIK
M.
Mechanical Engineering Department, British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
author
NEGM
M.
Aerospace Engineering Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this study, the stability of a Timoshenko beam under the effect of a moving projectilewill be reintroduced using simple eigenvalue analysis of a finite element model. Theeigenvalues of the beam change with the mass, speed, and position of the projectile,thus, the eigenvalues are evaluated for the system with different speeds and masses atdifferent position until the lowest eigenvalue reaches zero indicating the instabilityoccurrence. Then the dynamics of the beam will be investigated using the Newmarkalgorithm at different values of speed and mass ratios. It is concluded that thetechnique used to predict the stability boundaries is simple, accurate, and reliable.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38981_024562d5f3f2feebd63afe7bc093b99c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38981
A SURVEY ON THE STRUCTURAL FAILURE ANALYSIS DUE TO IMPACT
IBRAHIM
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
YOUNES
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
Y.
EL-SHAER
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper reviews the recent researches in relation to the penetration and/orperforation of metallic and composite target materials. The present survey deals withtargets impacted by projectiles travelling at intermediate velocity regime. Thedeformation domain of various structural targets was mostly localized and existed withina small region of 2-3 the projectile diameter. Recent years have a wide range ofsignificant experimental investigations related to the projectile-target configurations.Although most of the work done have been concerned with the normal impact onmonolithic materials by using non-deformable projectiles, valuable examinations werecarried out on the inclined impact. Furthermore, impact performed by using deformableprojectiles was surveyed on non-homogeneous materials and composites includedlaminated targets. It was found that through-the-thickness reinforcements enhanced theballistic resistance of the ceramic armours.The analytical developments enabled to predict the important characteristics of thepenetration and/or perforation process were reviewed. These simulations are able tomodel the local failure modes and the global deformations of various target geometries.In particular cases, when both the local and the global deformation mechanisms wereacted in an irregular behaviours during the target collapse, the ordinary models wereincapable of predicting accurately the target response and more complicated modelswere strongly recommended. The common numerical codes mostly used in thesimulation of the structures under impact are briefly reviewed and their capabilities andlimitations are deeply discussed.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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73
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38984_6cb487990f802a177e71f7194d4ecef6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38984
NON-LINEAR FORCED VIBRATION OF A TAPERED CANTILEVER BEAM
AL-QAISIA
A.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University,
of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
author
ABDEL-JABER
S.
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of
Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper presents a study on the nonlinear frequency response of a taperedcantilever beam. The mathematical model is developed based on the large deformationtheory, nonlinear curvature and with the constraint of inextensible beam. TheLagrangian dynamics with the assumed mode method is utilized in deriving the nonlinear,uni-modal temporal equation of motion. The non-linear equation of motion issolved analytically using the harmonic balance method (HB). Results were obtained fortapered beams with different values of taper ratio. The effect of taper ratio andexcitation level on the qualitative behaviour of the forced response of the beam werestudied and presented the first three modes of vibration.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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2008
1
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38988_b5ecad73fd4d1319d217a33517e29117.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38988
VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF THE ROTOR WITH TRANSVERE CRACK WITH SOME COMMENTS ON CRACK DETECTION
METWALLY
M.
Professor of Mechanical Engineer, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
MORSI
E.
Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineer, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
BADAWY
H
Mechanical engineer, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present work deals with crack behavior, detection, analysis, determination anddiagnosis of cracked rotors. Crack detection is very important for any rotating machine.It can save all the rotating parts like blades, impellers, fans and bearings.Crack behavior arises up non-linear differential equations that include the mostinfluence of stiffness change. The nonlinear differential equations are solved by acomputer program to calculate reduction in stiffness due to crack. The theoreticalsolution and calculations of stiffness reduction for rotor suspension systems was carriedout.Programming software to predict the crack spectrum time wave form, run-up and costdownamplitude verse rotating speed, and the difference of natural frequency due tocrack behavior unbalance amount, eccentricity and angles.The experimental work is helpful to assure the correctness of theoretical work, soconstructing a test rig that simulates our problem has to be done. The experimentalanalysis is used to predict the cracked shaft and the change in crack stiffness. Run-upand cost down method is used for directly predicting the cracked shaft by monitoringthe shift of frequency for critical speed.The conclusion of the results show that, crack affects the natural frequency of the shaftand its stiffness which in turn has an effect on all vibration characteristics. Thetheoretical results show sub-harmonics and harmonics of rotating shafts according tospeed, how the crack affects the natural frequency and the great effect of changing thephase angle and how it can be used for correction the crack effects.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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2008
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22
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38990_fa749c8fa332c223fb6b84425d375421.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38990
VIBRATION SOURCE ESTIMATION INSIDE OF MACHINERY
FOULADI
H.
PhD Candidate, Dep. of Mech. Eng, Faculty of Eng., Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
NOR
M.
Professor, Dep. of Mech. Eng, Faculty of Eng., Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
ARIFFIN
K.
Professor, Dep. of Mech. Eng, Faculty of Eng., Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
ABDULLAD
S.
Assoc. Professor, Dep. of Mech. Eng, Faculty of Eng., Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this paper, signal processing is integrated with inverse techniques to solve inverseproblem for internal parts of machinery in which, sources are unknown andinaccessible. Explosions of an internal combustion engine produce powerful pulses ofenergy which cause the engine vibration as a response. Attenuation of engine vibrationis one of the important problems for NVH engineers. Engine vibration can affect thewhole chassis vibration and interior noise level. Engine vibration is the dominant sourceof noise emissions (less than 200Hz) inside the vehicle compartment. In this research,inverse techniques are implemented to estimate unknown amount of vibration sources.Tikhonov regularization carried out to stabilize solution of ill-posed problem. L-curvemethod is also utilised to find the regularization parameter.In comparison with transfer path analysis, this method doesn’t need to separate theobservation part from the system. Despite the coherence based methods, it is practicalin low frequency analysis of engine with missing inputs and outputs.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
2636-4352
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38993_c6dcbf1b48310738a4123fd54dcdee02.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38993
VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PERIODIC SANDWICH BEAMS
BADRAN
H.
Egyptian Air-force, Cairo, Egypt.
author
TAWFIK
M.
Mechanical Engineering Department, British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
author
NEGM
H.
Aerospace Engineering Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTPeriodic Structures have been in the focus of research for their useful characteristicsand ability to attenuate vibration in frequency bands called “stop-bands”. In the previousstudies, periodic changes in the geometry of beams were introduced to create theperiodicity; then the vibration characteristics were studied accordingly. In this study, forthe first time, we are analyzing the vibration characteristics of a sandwich beam with theperiodic change in the sandwich material. The new technique preserves the externalgeometry of the beam structure and depends on changing the material of the sandwichmaterial. The periodic analysis and the vibration response characteristics of the modelare investigated using finite element model for a sandwich beam. The response tobending excitation has shown promising results for periodic sandwich beams, that mayencourage further study of the problem with more practical configurations.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38995_361e6562368e7fca97c0b8edd79153d2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38995
USING MULTIVARIATE LATENT MODELS TO MONITOR A PRINTING MACHINE AND PREDICT MACHINE FAILURE
SAID
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
HUSSEIN
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
SALEM
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
MOHAMED
I.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTCondition-Based Monitoring involves continuous collection and interpretation of datarelating to the operating conditions of critical components of the machine. To ensurehigh printing quality while maximizing productivity, an on-line process monitoringsystem is required to take the place of an expert’s judgment. This paper outlines theuse of a statistical multivariate technique called Principal Component Analysis (PCA),as a health monitoring technique, and applies it to monitor a GTO type of printingmachine. This approach is used to integrate vibration data taken at different positionsand directions on the printing machine. Experiments were conducted on the machinefor different operating speeds under two conditions, new and worn drive belt. Theresults showed that the proposed technique can be used for printing machinemonitoring and can successfully differentiate between new process conditions.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_38997_6e8ae352c00d299472e92ffa7ca73cf4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.38997
STUDY OF THERMOCAPILLARY EFFECTS IN TWO FLUID SYSTEMS USING A SINGLE PHASE MODEL
SAKR
M.
Lecturer, Dpt. of Mech. Power Eng., Faculty of Eng., Menoufiya Uni., Shebin El- Kom-Egypt.
author
BALABEL
A.
Lecturer, Dpt. of Mech. Power Eng., Faculty of Eng., Menoufiya Uni. Shebin El-kom-Egypt.
author
HEGAB
M.
Assoc. Prof., Dpt. of Mech. Power Eng., Faculty of Eng., Menoufiya Uni., Shebin El- kom-Egypt.
author
SELIM
M.
Prof., Dpt. of Mech. Power Eng., Faculty of Eng., Menoufiya Uni., Shebin El-Kom- Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThermocapillary flows within a differentially heated rectangular cavity containing twoimmiscible liquid layers are of considerable technological importance in materialsprocessing applications particularly under microgravity conditions where the influenceof buoyancy-driven convection is minimized. In the present study, for the first time, weaccount the affect of normal and tangential forces that control the track of the movinginterface by using level set method (LSM). A 2-D numerical procedure for twoimmiscible fluid systems on the basis of a single phase model and the level setformulation is developed. The time dependent Navier-Stokes and energy equations aresolved by means of the control volume approach on a staggered rectangular gridsystem. The numerical model interprets the tangential and the normal stresses by asingle-phase model using a heavy side function. The topological change of the interfacebetween the two immiscible flows is described by the level set method. According to ourbackground this is the first study of such cases using the single phase model and thecontrol volume formulation. Two cases have been studied: the first case contains asystem with only one liquid interface (melt/encapsulant) between the two immisciblefluids. The second one has a system with encapsulant free surface opened to air (andso, subjected to a second thermocapillary forces). Both the liquid-liquid interface andthe free surface are assumed to be initially flat, which is a valid assumption according toearlier theoretical and experimental results. In later cases, the liquid-liquid interface isallowed to deform. The numerical results are compared with the available analyticalmodels and experimental results. The comparisons showed an acceptable agreementbetween the present predicted results and the available data shown in the availablereferences.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39003_67d787a90339b7e4fe4e972f570079ef.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39003
A COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS EVALUATION OF A PNEUMATIC SAFETY RELIEF VALVE
DEMPSTER
W.
Lecturer, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Tel.: +441415482044, Fax: +441415525105
author
ELMAYYAH
W.
PhD research student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Strathclyde,
Glasgow, UK.
Tel.: +447515377732.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTSafety relief valves are well established components preventing catastrophic failure ofpressurised systems when non–normal operating conditions occur. However, it is onlyrecently with developments in CFD techniques that the capability to predict the complexflow conditions occurring in the valves has been possible resulting in only limitedstudies being found in the literature. This paper presents experimental and theoreticalinvestigations applied to a safety relief valve designed for the refrigeration industry butextended here to consider pneumatic systems since air is the compressible fluid. Thedischarge flow rate and valve forces are determined both theoretically andexperimentally for different valve lift conditions and related to the detailed flowconditions (pressure, temperature and Mach number) in the valve predicted by CFDtechniques. The CFD code FLUENT has been used with a two dimensionalaxisymmetric RANS approach using the k-ε turbulent model to predict the highlycompressible flow through the valve. The model has been validated by comparison withexperimental measurements and the predicted results show good agreement, providingconfidence in the use of CFD techniques for valve design and improvement.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39005_d9ceee4751964dc69bc23f0488be7972.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39005
A NEW ENGINEERING METHOD FOR FUZZY RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF SURGE CONTROL IN CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR
HAFAIFA
A.
Dep. Instrumentation and Control Systems, University of DJELFA, Algeria.
author
LAAOUAD
F.
Dep. Industrial Process Automation. Faculty of Hydrocarbons, BOUMERDES
University, Algeria.
author
BENNANI
A.
Orascom Telecom Algeria (OTA), Dar El Beïda office DEP. 2, Dep. Patrimoine,
Algeria.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA new dual fuzzy controller for the nonlinear model of the compression system isproposed in this paper. The surge phenomenon in the centrifugal compressor, the nonlinearitiesand uncertainties of the compression system make it impossible to use aconventional controller over a wide range of operation. This fuzzy controller is designedto consist of a active surge control and phase control without any explicit systemmodels, but driven in the human thinking mechanism. A simulation example ofcompression system is given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed controlscheme. It is shown that the fuzzy controller can be simplified, and good trackingcontrol performance can be achieved by choosing appropriate fuzzy roles. However,the dual fuzzy controller can successfully intervene in the control surge of thecompression system. This new fuzzy control methodology suggested in this workreproduced well the main characteristics of the turbo compressor dynamic modeldeveloped by Moore and Gretzer and give place to a more precise and easy to handlerepresentation. It is about a inaccuracies reproducing with a certain degree ofsatisfaction of the real process without being as much complex.
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116
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39007_5956a1553a9193575d561640a7b75008.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39007
IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC SERVO-VALVE FOR MODULATION OF THE ROCKET THRUST
RATEB
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
RABIE
G.
Professor, Modern Academy of Engineering and Technology.
author
ELSENBAWI
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe modulation of the rocket thrust is required for many practical applications regardingcertain missions to be performed by the missile. An existing thrust controller with twomodes of operation has been studied and analyzed. To upgrade the controller toacquire a continuous gradual thrust modulation, an Electro-Hydraulic Servo-PressureController (EHSPC) has been integrated with the system after making necessaryadaptation of the current design. The valve parameters: controlled pressure, inputpressure, pilot pressure variations, and input controlling current have been investigatedand compared for the two systems using MATLAB SIMULINK program. It was possibleto acquire a new system capable of performing a continuous thrust modulation whilekeeping the other characteristics of the system before modification.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39009_d9955f5e60f035ea444d4d14f185bd50.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39009
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF FATIGUE LIFE ON OPTIMUM AUTOFRETTAGED PRESSURIZED THICK-WALLED CYLINDERS
BIN AYOB
A.
Associate professor. Faculty of Mech. Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
author
ELBASHEER
K.
Postgraduate student, Faculty of Mech. Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe numerical study presents a procedure to determine the optimum autofrettagepressure for a given operating pressure, so as to achieve the longest fatigue service lifeof thick-walled cylinders. The study investigates the fatigue life of pressurized cylindersunder the effect of applied cyclic internal operating pressure. The cylinders hadpreviously undergone a process of optimum autofrettage to induce a minimum totalequivalent stress under the operating pressure. A nonlinear material property with akinematic hardening was used. Experiments were carried out to validate the numericalresults of residual stress where strain gages provided the strain values used to find thehoop stresses present on the outer surface. There was good agreement between theFE simulation and the strain measurement in obtaining residual stresses. Theperformance of the cylinders was evaluated in terms of fatigue damage accumulationfor various levels of autofrettage. The results clearly indicate the importance ofautofrettage in increasing the fatigue life. In increasing the autofrettage level, the fatiguelife increases first, reaches a maximum optimum level and then decreases. Inconclusion, optimum autofrettage level leads to an optimum fatigue life.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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1
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39010_b60116186e0ad90b9f2630caa2987303.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39010
THREE- LAYERED ELASTIC COMPOSITE WITH SURFACE CRACKS SUBJECTED TO CONVECTIVE COOLING
RIZK
A.
Associate professor, Dept. of Science in Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
International Islamic University, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe Thermoelastic problem for homogenous layer bonded to two similar coated layerswith two surface cracks located symmetrically in the outer layers under transientthermal stresses is considered. The transient thermal stresses are generated due toquenching the surfaces containing the edge crack by convective cooling. Consequently,very high tensile stresses developed near the cooled surfaces resulting in severedamage. The analysis of the problem is worked out using the superposition techniqueand the principle of quasi-static thermoelasticity behavior. The Fourier integraltransform technique is used to solve the crack problem resulting in a singular integralequation of Cauchy type with the derivative of the crack surface displacement asunknown function which is solved numerically. Some numerical values of the transientstress intensity factors for two material combinations are obtained for both edge crackand crack terminating at the interface and demonstrated in terms of time, crack length,coefficient of heat transfer and thickness ratio.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39012_b6a0d31223069af6f188039aba166024.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39012
FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH OF STAINLESS STEEL FIBER REINFORCED ALUMINUM COMPOSITES
ESKİZEYBEK
V.
Research Assistant, Dpt. of Mechanical Eng., Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
author
AVCI
A.
Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Eng., Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
author
ATABERK
N.
Assistant professor, Kadinhani Faik Icil Vocational School, Selcuk University,
Konya, Turkey.
author
YAPICI
A.
Assistant professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Eng., Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this study, fracture behavior of stainless steel/aluminum laminated composites withmiddle through thickness crack under fatigue loading, was investigated. The compositematerial, which has unidirectional continuous AISI 304 stainless steel as fibers and Al2024 as matrix, was produced by using diffusion bonding. The fatigue tests wereconducted under agreement with the ASTM E647 standard. The crack initiation,damage behavior, fatigue crack-growth rate (da/dN), stress intensity factor (ΔK), strainenergy release rate (ΔG) and fracture toughness ( IC K ) were determined. Moreover, ΔGvalue was obtained by using Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) and compliancemethods and the results were compared with each other. Also, da/dN-ΔK and da/dN-ΔG were plotted for determining fracture behavior under fatigue loading of thecomposite material.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39014_a8ea3b7600c1b0512c82fe24fba5566f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39014
Optimization to the failure of laminated composites with different provisions of reinforcement
DELIOU
A
Researcher, Solar Unit of Development of Equipments, UDES, Tipaza, Algeria.
author
BOUROUIS
F
Doctor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Constantine University, Algeria.
author
MILI
F
Doctor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Constantine University, Algeria.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACT:
The objective of this work is to effect a comparative study of the mechanical behavior of composite plates with [+θ/-θ] 3S stacking sequence and subjected to tensile loading. The strength of these various composites is ensured by the choice of the components and the adequate arrangement of fibers. The ultimate strength of regular symmetrical laminates will be predicting by the use of a mathematical approach based on the suitable failure criterion. The different obtained results show a variability of the mechanical behavior according to the more or less pronounced anisotropy degree. They permit to propose hybrids able to improve strength of mat composites by the association of the unidirectional or woven fabric reinforcement. The use of the hybridization technique involves the optimal structures and improvement of the mechanical performances of composites materials.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39047_8312c21cd61047360ff55ba41db6115e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39047
EFFECT OF THE BARRIER GEOMETRY ON THE MITIGATION OF BLAST WAVES
EL-SAYED
S.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
YOUNES
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
EL-BEBLAWY
S.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this paper, a numerical simulation using the commercially available AUTODYN 3Dcode is carried out to estimate the peak pressure behind a blast barrier. A 50 kg TNTcharge source is employed to simulate the blast wave. Four different elementgeometries are used individually to model various shapes of barriers. These barriermodels are constructed singly from plates, angle bars, I-beams or tubes. The pressuretimehistories are recorded by using gauges located behind each barrier model. Theobtained results are compared with the no-barrier case at the same locations. Theinfluences of the boundary conditions, the cross-sectional dimensions, the spacingbetween elements and the amount of charge and its position are examined andevaluated. The outputs show that the peak pressure of the blast wave can be reduceddepending on certain parameters chosen for the barrier design.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39056_93555a666f0419953c2694714fe2ab2a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39056
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE ANALYSIS OF CHATTER VIBRATION AND STABLITY FOR ORTHOGONAL CUTTING IN TURNING
TURKES
E.
Research Assist., Dpt. of Mech. Eng., Dumlupınar University, Turkey.
author
ORAK
S.
Associate professor, Dpt. of Mech. Eng., Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIncreasing of the Maximum Metal Removal Rate (MMRR) in machine tools requireshigh width of metal removing and machining speeds. This condition cause to changecutting speed and arises vibration on cutting tool. This phenomenon leads to suchproblems as detrimental effects on the machined surface finish and decreasing themachining efficiency and has adverse effect on the work surface finish, high machiningforce, tool wear and tool life. Due to the dynamic interactions between cutting tool andworkpiece, there occurs self-excited chatter vibration. In this study, chatter prediction isinvestigated for orthogonal cutting in turning operations. Therefore, the linear analysisof the single degree of freedom (SDOF) model is performed by applying orientedtransfer function (OTF) and τ decomposition form to Nyquist criteria. Chatter frequencypredictions obtained from both forms were compared with modal analysis and cuttingtests. Computer programs required for both forms were written by MATLAB program.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39058_0a372f02e37d61d3209b4dee43d7e066.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39058
EFFECT OF SIZE AND SHAPE OF ELECTRODES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EDM
KHAN
A.
Professor, Dept. of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering IIUM, Malaysia.
author
HAQUE
M.
Professor, Dept. of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering IIUM, Malaysia.
author
YEAKUB
A
Associate professor, Dept. of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering IIUM,
Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn the present study the effect of size and different shapes of electrodes on materialremoval rate (MRR), job surface finish and wear ratio (WR) during EDM has beeninvestigated. The work material taken was mild steel and the electrode material takenwas copper. The size of the electrodes was 9mm, 15 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm indiameter. The shapes of the electrodes were square, round, triangular and diamond,having the same area of cross-section. The highest MRR was found for roundelectrodes followed by square, triangular and diamond shaped electrodes. MRR wasfound to increases sharply with the increase in diameter of the electrodes. Withincrease in current, the sparks produced are of higher thermal energy. As a result,increase in current resulted increase in MRR. A higher thermal energy also erodesmore material from the electrode. Electrode wear (EW) was measured along the crosssectionof the electrode as well as along its length. EW was also found to increase withthe increase in current. However, the highest EW was fond on the diamond shapedelectrodes followed by triangular, square and the round shaped ones. An electrode ofsmaller cross-section exhibited a higher electrode wear. Wear ratio (WR) wascalculated as the ratio of the volume of material removed from the electrode to thesame removed from the work material. The highest WR was found on the diamondshaped electrodes followed by triangular, square and round electrodes. It was alsofound that WR decreases with increase in cross-sectional area of the electrode. Jobsurface roughness was found to decrease with increase in electrode diameter, but theeffect is very insignificant. The smoothest job surface finish was found for roundelectrodes followed by square, triangular and diamond shaped electrodes. But again,the influence of the shape of the electrodes on job surface finish was found to beinsignificant.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39059_78bba38f2982e44e340e1c55a5ba2671.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39059
IMPROVEMENT OF FATIGUE LIFE BY REDUCING THE FORMATION OF CRACK DURING EDM PROCESS
TAI
-Y.
Assistant professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan,
Taiwan.
author
LEE
-T.
Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
author
HSU
-C.
Engineer, Metal Industries Research & Development Centre (MIRDC), Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present study performs an experimental investigation to identify the EDMprocessing parameters which suppress the formation of surface cracks in themachined surface of SKD11 tool steel specimens. The rapid heating and coolingeffects inherent in the electro-discharge machining (EDM) process result in theformation of a brittle recast layer on the machined surface. This layer increases thesurface roughness of the machined component and is characterized by globules ofdebris, shallow craters, pockmarks, voids and cracks.In the EDM trials, the specimens are machined using pulse currents of 4A, 16A or32A with pulse-on durations of either 4μs or 16μs. The various specimens are thenfatigue tested at loads ranging from 150~245 Kg in order to determine theirrespective fatigue lives. A polished SKD11 specimen is also fatigue tested forcomparison purposes. The results show that the EDM processing parameters havea significant effect on the surface cracking characteristics. Specifically, when theEDM process is performed using a pulse current of 4A and a pulse-on duration of16μs, the machined surface is found to have a high surface crack density and someof the cracks penetrate as far as the parent material. With processing parameters of16A /4μs and 32A/16μs, a recast layer is formed on the surface of the machinedspecimen, but no surface cracks are observed. Hence, it can be inferred thatincreasing the pulse current and reducing the pulse-on duration provides aneffective means of suppressing the surface cracking phenomenon. Higher values ofthe pulse current and pulse-on duration (i.e. 32A and 16μs, respectively) are foundto increase the average thickness of the recast layer and to prompt a correspondingreduction in the fatigue life of the machined specimen.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39062_8ca8b778054039c1773a8dfbed06cb20.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39062
SILVER TOUGHENED ALUMINA CUTTING TOOL INSERTS: PERFORMANCE EVALUATION USING DYNAMIC COMPONENTS OF CUTTING FORCE SPECTRA
DUTTA
K.
Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Bengal Engineering and Science
University, Howrah, India.
author
GUHA
A.
Lecturer, Mechanical Engineering, Bengal Engineering and Science University,
Howrah, India.
author
RAY
K.
Professor, Dept of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology, Kharagpur, India.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTCutting tool inserts have been fabricated using alumina with different amounts of silverby conventional powder metallurgical route. The machining performance of thesecomposite inserts vis-à-vis that of commercial zirconia toughened alumina inserts havebeen evaluated by dry turning operations on steel bars under a wide range of cuttingparameters. The experiments consisted of measurement and examinations of the staticand the dynamic components of the cutting force spectra, flank wear of the tool, surfaceroughness on the work piece, and chip morphology. Analyses of the fluctuations in thedynamic force spectra using a new approach based on a quasi-fractal model have beenused to reveal the potential of different tool materials with respect to their cuttingperformance. Examinations and pertinent discussion of the operative wear mechanismsduring machining by the developed composites vis-à-vis their structure-propertyrelations are some essential supplements of this investigation.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39064_54e513f189a93eb0e5ea43c69a1af13a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39064
PRODUCTION OF BIMETALLIC AND TRIMETALLIC MATERIALS BY EXPLOSION WELDING AND ALLIED PROCESSES
TURŇA
M.
Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology
Bratislava, Trnava, Slovak Republic.
author
NESVADBA
P.
author
ROLC
S.
author
ČAPLOVIČ
Ľ.
Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology
Bratislava, Trnava, Slovak Republic.
author
TURŇOVÁ
Z.
Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology
Bratislava, Trnava, Slovak Republic.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe paper and talk deal with the research results in the field of welding the combinedmetals such as Ti-Cu, Ti-Al, Sn-Cu, Al-Mg alloy, Monel-steel, Pb-steel, AlSi alloy-Cu,Ta-Monel, Ta-Stainless Steel, Monel-Ta, steel-Ti-Al, steel-Cu-Al, etc., as well as theprocesses allied. The combinations that are not mentioned in the paper will bepresented during the talk.The results were attained in collaboration with the Research Institute of IndustrialChemistry, Pardubice-Semtin (Czech Republic) and the Slovak University ofTechnology, Department of Welding, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology,Trnava (Slovak Republic). The bimetals and trimetals were produced using the SemtexS explosive. The quality of joints was evaluated by ultrasonic detection, opticalmicroscopy, microhardness measurements and X-ray microanalysis.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39065_6c4f19b6984339d7dd10fc7fe9143255.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39065
INFLUENCE OF HIGH PROFILE SHIFT IN IMPROVING SURFACE DURABILITY
GONSALVIS
J.
Principal, St. Joseph Engineering College, Mangalore.
Author for correspondence.
author
PRAKASH
R.
Lecturer, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore.
author
SACHIDANANDA
K.
Assistant Professor Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Sahyadri Institute of Technology,
Mangalore.
author
LAKSHMAN
L.
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Malnad College of Engineering,
Hassan, India.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe use of profile shift in involute tooth gearing has permitted the gear designer toutilize conveniently different parts of the involute tooth curve generated by the basecircle. The procedure is called profile shifting or profile correction, which helps achievedesirable tooth-action and to avoid interference or undercutting and also the mostdangerous tooth contact in the vicinity of the base circle. Altering a tooth-sum of a gearpair operating between a specified centre distance changes the operating pressureangle and hence necessitates profile shift. This profile shift can be distributed betweenthe gears of the pair suitably. Such gear pairs display considerable lowering of contactstresses which is a more desirable characteristic for power transmission gearing. Fewcases of altered tooth-sum gearing have been subjected to experimental tests, theperformance of this gearing is compared vis-à-vis standard tooth-sum gearing. Theresults have been highly encouraging. Such findings suggest the use of altered toothsumgearing for power transmission applications. This paper presents the use of highprofile shift gearing in improving the surface durability of gears.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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v.
13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
1
14
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39251_e41224606c41edc91adcb3ecb83e51cd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39251
EVALUATION OF FRICTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AEROSTATIC LINER BEARING
FUJII
Y.
Professor, Dpt. of Electronic Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Japan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA method based on the Levitation Mass Method (LMM) for evaluating the componentsof the force acting on a moving part of a pneumatic linear bearing has been proposedby the author. The total force acting on the moving part is accurately measured as theinertial force using an optical interferometer. The efficiency of the developing methodfor evaluating the frictional characteristics of pneumatic linear bearings and the newinformation obtained on the frictional characteristics of a pneumatic linear bearing isdiscussed. The essence of the LMM as a precision method for measuring mechanicalquantities is reviewed.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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15
21
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39253_6fe71f85eebe61eda3870ce977cba10e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39253
OPTIMIZATION SCHEME for a SMALL CROSS-FLOW HYDRO TURBINE RUNNER
AKCAN
C.
Graduate student, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey.
author
AKSIT
F.
Associate professor, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey.
author
KIZILTAS
G.
Assistant professor, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey.
author
KANDEMIR
I.
Assistant professor, Design and Manufacturing Engineering, Gebze Institute of Technology, Kocaeli, Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTObtaining a closed form analytical formulation for complex mechanical structures suchas turbine rotors with multiple blade assemblies can be very problematic. Building aprototype without optimizing the structural stress levels may result in unnecessaryhardware costs. In this work, mathematical models for highest stress or lowest factor ofsafety on critical components of a small modular cross-flow hydro turbine rotor havebeen explored for various design options through a response surface analysis. Theresponse surface model is obtained based on finite element analysis results followingdesign of simulated experiments. Rotor design parameters have been investigated tooptimize factor of safety on critical components without violating the specified weightlimits. Box-Henken data tables have been used to obtain the response surface model.The attained response model yields the maximum stress and lowest factor of safety forcritical rotor components for various combinations of design parameters. Verificationruns indicate that response model successfully predicts factor of safety levels close tofinite element calculations.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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22
38
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39255_f914f49a100a51756c435322828f0b39.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39255
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INITIATION FATIGUE LIFE OF FREE DEFECT AND DEFECTIVE MATERIALS
BOURAOUI
Ch.
Laboratoire de Génie Mécanique, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Monastir, Avenue
Ibn El Jazzar, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
author
NASR
A.
Laboratoire de Génie Mécanique, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Monastir, AvenueIbn El Jazzar, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
author
NADOT
Y.
Laboratoire de Génie Mécanique, Institut supérieur de transport et de la logistique,
4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
author
FATHALLAH
R.
Laboratoire de Mécanique et de Physique des Matériaux, UMR CNRS no. 6617,
ENSMA, Téléport 2, BP 40 109, 86961 Futuroscope Cedex, France.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper presents an experimental comparison of crack initiation, between free defectand defect material, under High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) loading. Experiments are carriedout on a C35 steel. Results show that crack initiation and crack propagationmechanisms for defective material are the same as defect free material: cracks areinitiated in the maximum shear plane then they propagate in the plane perpendicular tothe maximum principal stress direction. But the length of the stage I cracks of defectmaterials is always very short in comparison with those of defect free materials. Crackpropagation regime life in defect materials is very short, contrary to defect free materialwhich shows an early crack initiation However, contrary to the common belief, thefatigue life initiation is not consumed in defective material and particularly in torsionloading where the cyclic stress tensor becomes complex around the defect.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39257_c1e3d395cc66bf3673a81f54c4f17b7b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39257
THE TRANSITION FROM SINGLE TO MULTIPLE CRACKING IN CERAMIC/METAL LAMINATES
El-Shaer
Y.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
Derby
B.
Professor, Manchester Materials Science Centre, UMIST, Manchester, U.K.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTDuring the fracture of metal/ceramic laminates two different damage modes areobserved: one is the formation of a zone of multiple cracks near the tip of amacroscopic crack, and the other is the continuous propagation of a macroscopic crackin the ceramic layers while the metal layers remain intact. The criterion for the transitionfrom single to multiple cracking is a key parameter for the design of metal/ceramiclaminates. A plot (which is called a ‘Fracture map’) has been constructed to enable thedesigner to determine the fracture mode for a given laminate.In the present work, a new fracture map is proposed which includes the effect of thenon-deterministic strength of the ceramic on the transition from single to multiplecracking. The proposed probability-based fracture map is compared with previousmaps, and compared with experimentally observed fracture modes of differentceramic/metal laminates.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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47
63
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39258_4c6e40aa74ecf9ce60eb03ee5a31226d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39258
INTERGRATION OF SEAWATER DESALINATION IN A SOLAR HEAT TRANSFORMER: ANALYSIS BY THE FIRST AND SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Rabah
GOMRI
Assistant professor, Engineering Faculty, Dpt. of «Génie Climatique», Constantine
University, 25000 Constantine, Algeria.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this paper, an attempt has been made to study the combination: flat plate solarcollectors, a single effect heat transformer and desalination system used to provide aseaside house with drinking water. Mathematical models of the solar flat plate collectors(FPC), absorption heat transformer (AHT) operating with the H2O-LiBr solution and theoverall desalination system (WP) were developed to simulate the performance of thiscombination system. The energy and exergy analysis is carried out for eachcomponent of the system. All exergy losses that exist in this solar desalination systemare calculated. Energy and exergy efficiencies are estimated.The energy efficiency of WP is higher then that for FPC and AHT. An acceptablethermal efficiency of 0.62 is obtained. From the view point of energy the combinationFPC-AHT for desalination is an interesting system. Considering the overall desalinationplant, the FPC is the component in which the highest exergy loss is generated.Exergetic efficiency of AHT increases slightly with an increase in the time of day. Thedaily exergetic efficiency of WP is higher then that for FPC and lower than that forAHT. An average value of exergetic efficiency of WP is 0.124. This small value of theexergetic efficiency of FPC is due to the important amount of exergy destructed in FPC.From the view point of exergy analysis and excluding the effect of exergy destructed inthe FPC the combination FPC-AHT for desalination is an interesting system.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
133
147
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39260_6d6da3047b4ab254ae97ce086424e167.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39260
THERMAL ANALYSIS OF A MICRO DEVICE USED FOR DETECTION OF COLORECTAL CANCER
AHMED
I.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic
University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
HRAIRI
M.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic
University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTFinite element modelling is widely used in technological applications. The benefits ofusing simulation are clear: reduced time and cost when introducing new products tomarket, better knowledge of part dynamic and static properties, and the opportunity toreplace life cycle device tests, among others. Finite element analysis (FEA) isextensively used in medical devices development cycle especially during thepreliminary analysis of re-design and optimization and when passing the final designanalysis and reliability evaluation. Typical analysis of implantable medical devices ischallenging due to the highly nonlinear nature of the physical problem due to largegeometric changes, contact and material behaviour. The current paper will investigatethe design of a micro device intended for detection of colorectal cancer through athermal analysis process and optimum sizing of air slits and side cuts between thedifferent thermal zones of the device. By comparing the results of the numerous carriedout simulations, an optimum design was found.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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148
157
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39261_2f589e47f6c46f360a877859f44e1def.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39261
A COMPARISON BETWEEN FLOWS OF THREE REACTION SYSTEMS THROUGH SUPERSONIC PROPULSIVE NOZZLES
KEMRY
M.
Prof., Mechanical Engineering Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
EL-KADY
A.
Associate Prof. , Mechanical Engineering Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present study is concerned with the analytical solution of frozen flows ofcombustion gases through the supersonic region of an axisymmetric nozzle. Theproduct gases of C12H26–O2 , H2–O2 and H2–F2 reaction systems are considered. Apredictor-corrector method is employed for approximating the differential terms of thegoverning equations; while the method of characteristics is used to solve the resultingequations for variable specific heat ratio. The study includes a comparison of the resultsof the three reaction systems. The results involve the flow field parameters; namely ,the temperature T, the pressure P, the velocity V and Mach number M. The results ofthe propulsion Parameters namely; thrust force F, the specific impulse Isp, specificimpulse based on fuel combustion Isp,f and thrust efficiency ηf are also presented. Allresults are presented for a combustion chamber dimensionless pressure , Pc=30 , anequivalence ratio, Φ=1, a dimensionless throat radius of curvature of the nozzle, ρt=2 ,and a straight nozzle wall angle, ψ=20°, as a controlling factors. Results show that thepoint of tangency at nozzle wall is a source of creating oblique shock waves. TheC12H26–O2 , H2–O2 reaction systems produce approximately equal thrusts which arehigher than that produced by H2–F2 reaction system. Besides, the specific impulseattained by H2–F2 system is of highest magnitude; and there are negligible influences ofthe three systems on the thrust efficiency.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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158
175
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39262_3e0d86df09303583c7bfda7a352a7ee8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39262
EVALUATION OF CO-GENERATION AND TRI-GENERATION SYSTEMS EMPLOYING RECIPROCATING AND GAS TURBINE ENGINES FOR POWER GENERATION
ELKADY
A.
Associate Prof., Mech. Eng. Dept., Faculty of
Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
author
SAID
A.
M.Sc Applicant., Mech. Eng. Dept., Faculty of
Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
author
ELKADY
M.A.
Professor, Mech. Eng. Dept., Faculty of
Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present investigation is a trial to tackle the problem of energy rationalization inpower generation. It is believed that such target can be reached through employment oftri-generation system for combined heating, cooling and power production (CHCP). Thepower range selected for the present study is from few hundreds kilowatt to fivemegawatts electric demand. The present study investigates four arrangements to selectthe best solution to achieve the requirements of power, cooling load, and/or heatingload for various applications. These arrangements include tri-generation, cogenerationwith heating, cogeneration with cooling, and separate unit arrangement.A computer program was developed in the present investigation using Lab-Viewgraphical language. The developed computer code allows the selection of the mosteconomical power generating system to satisfy given requirements of electric, heatingand cooling loads. Moreover, the program model can determine the optimal strategiesthat minimize the overall cost of energy for the CHCP system.A comparison between the economics of each arrangement was conducted in terms oftotal cost saving ratio (TCSR). This comparison revealed a saving ranging from 15% to25% of the total cost of the separate units arrangement within five years by usingcogeneration or tri-generation arrangements. This saving is associated with theemployed energy rationalization technique, which is defined in terms of the primaryenergy saving ratio (PESR). Cogeneration and tri-generation arrangements proved tobe able to achieve primary energy saving ratios ranging from 25% to 30%.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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198
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39266_cc59f8de0bad61b0b81049541c3ebeb5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39266
DYNAMIC STUDIES ON MOTORCYCLE HELMETS
PINNOJI
K.
Research Scholar, Dept. of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,
India.
author
P.
P.
Professor, Dept. of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThrees different motorcycle helmets were studied here to investigate the dynamicperformance. First is helmet with Acrylo-Butadiene Styrene (ABS) shell, second ishelmet with metal foam, and third is helmet with single groove and slot for providing theventilation. Computational fluid dynamics studies show considerable improvement in airvelocities inside the helmet in the presence of grooves and slot. Front impact analyseswith all the helmet models were carried out at 7 m.s-1 velocity. Forces, Head InjuryCriterion (HIC), and acceleration were evaluated by considering head as a rigid andfound not to change significantly due to the presence of groove and slot in the helmet.The dynamic performance of a helmet with outer shell as metal foam was examinedand compared with ABS material.
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v.
13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
66
73
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39267_f187abd7badbb0f4b253a540081d6985.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39267
A POSTERIORI ERROR INDICATOR FOR COULOMB’S FRICTIONAL CONTACT
BECHEUR
A.
Assistant Professor, Laboratoire de Technologie des Matériaux et de Génie des
Procédés LTMGP. University of Bejaia. Route de Tharga-ouzemour.. 06000
BEJAIA. Algeria.
author
TAHAKOURT
A.
Professor, Laboratoire de Technologie des Matériaux et de Génie des Procédés
LTMGP. University of Bejaia. Route de Tharga-ouzemour.. 06000 BEJAIA.
Algeria.
author
COOREVITS
P.
Professor, Laboratoire des Technologies Innovantes LTI, EA3899, Université de
Picardie Jules Verne, France.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present a new error indicator for the frictional contact problemgoverned by Coulomb’s law. This indicator is built over the combination of two knownmethods. The first concerns the error obtained from the projection techniques wheresuper convergence properties are used for smoothing the finite element stress fields.The second method takes into account the errors in the constitutive relation of thecontact zones. By using both the error indicator and procedures of mesh adaptivities,we show example of optimised computations.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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74
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39270_2964157318f336af92a83cad563fffc2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39270
COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ENERGY ABSORPTION METTER BY COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
NIEZGODA
T.
Professor, Department of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science, Military
University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
author
BARNAT
W.
Resarch Associate, Department of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science, Military
University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
author
MORKA
A.
Resarch Associate, Department of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science, Military
University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe analysis considers the problem of transport safety improvement by application ofadditional impact energy dissipating elements. The results from experimental tests andnumeric simulations of basic energy-absorbing element, in the form of sleeve made ofsteel and glass-epoxide composite are presented. These results were also used for thedevelopment of reliable numerical model of road barrier and for a simulation of barrier.The obtained results allowed for the practical usability assessment of the proposedsolution.
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Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
87
102
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39272_63655ab1bb5f1d897dae54cf0ba7082e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39272
FRACTURE BEHAVIOR OF THE POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE WITH TWO DIFFERENT CURING PROCESSES
EL-ASSAL
M.
Benha University.
author
AL-DOSARY
S.
King Abdulaziz University.
author
SHEHATA
M.
Tanta University.
author
BASALAH
A.
King Abdulaziz University.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe usage of Polymers in different fields is enormous and crucial. PolymethylMethacrylate (PMMA) is one of the earliest widely used polymers, and well knownaround the world by a variety of trade names; Lucite, Oroglas, Perspex, Plexiglas andacrylic resin which may vary from country to country. This material is one of the hardestpolymers, rigid and good weather resistance.The usage of PMMA is widely spread in the medical technologies which reflected froma good degree of compatibility with human tissue, and can be used for replacement ofintraocular lenses in the eye when the original lens has been removed in the treatmentof cataracts. In orthopaedics, PMMA bone cement is used to affix implants and toremodel lost bone caused by traffic accident and war injures. In cosmetic surgery, tinyPMMA microspheres suspended in some biological fluid are injected under the skin toreduce wrinkles or scars permanently.Parts made of PMMA have high mechanical strength and good dimensional stability.Other reported properties include a high Young's modulus and good hardness with lowelongation at break. Therefore, PMMA was used extensively as aircraft windshields formany aircraft (hitting a bird at 600 mph is dangerous to aircraft as it is deadly for birds).On the other side, typical working loads during Polymers service are the loads leadingto fracture. Even though this kind of loading resistance in PMMA is important, there is adeficiency in the literature in this area. Accordingly, covering this area constitutes veryimportant potential for research and study.Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the fracture behavior of PMMA.Two methods of preparing the specimens (method of cure) will be taken intoconsideration. As a result of this research, more accurate data about fracture andmechanical properties about this widely used material in dental applications arebecoming available for dentists. Tensile, compression and fracture tests were carriedout in this study. The results showed that a slight improve in the tensile strength of thelong curing process specimens compared with short curing specimens. However, thecompressive strength of the short curing is better than long curing specimens. Thefracture test results showed that the fracture toughness of the short curing specimens ishigher than that of the long curing specimens.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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127
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39276_07d84c91e3a254c2fb392be07ef75a96.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39276
DAMAGE PREDICTION OF AXIALLY CRUSHED CORRUGATED FRUSTA
YOUNES
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTFailure analysis of corrugated shells requires knowledge of the behavior of a shellstructure as it is crushed. Investigation of this problem is presented in this paper. Theaxial crushing of a right circular axi-symmetric corrugated frusta subjected to quasistaticcompression is numerically studied. The finite element code ABAQUS/Explicitwas employed to predict the crushing behavior and the effect of different geometricparameters required to enhance the energy absorption capability of corrugated frusta.The main objectives are to establish the load-deflection response of the axi-symmetriccorrugated frusta and to describe the overall deformation of the frusta, since this datagreatly affect the energy absorbed by frustum models. The present simulation alsoprovides a simple demonstration of the capabilities of ABAQUS/Explicit for modelingcontact problems between deformable bodies and rigid, impenetrable surfaces. Resultsshowed that as the number of corrugations along a frustum generator increases, theamount of absorbed energy significantly increases, however the collapse modes ofthose corrugated frusta are qualitatively similar. The influence of varying the axiallength-to-thickness ratio and the corrugation angle on the crashworthiness performanceof frustum models are predicted and the obtained finite element results are depictedand assessed.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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2008
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116
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39280_6f6eb0e5f852e63acb59a837d5c1c457.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39280
A NEW PROCEDURE OF ROBOTS SPATIAL ROTATIONS TERMINAL CONTROL
MILNIKOV
A.
Doctor of Sciences, Ph.D., Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Computer Technologies and
Engineering of International Black Sea University (D. Aghmashenebelis Kheivani 13km. #2
Tbilisi, Georgia Tel:(+995 32) 595005 Fax: (+995 32) 595008.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn the article, using spinor representation of orthogonal transformations, the expressionsbetween second order complex unitary transformations matrixes and real orthogonalmatrixes of spatial rotations in three dimensional Euclidean space L3 are received, thatallows easily calculating of corresponding Euler’s angles. The obtained results haveenabled reducing the actually three-dimensional problem of spatial motion control to theone-dimensional problem; control kinematical functions of Euler’s angles and controlspinor matrix of rotation were constructed, by means of which control process of spatialrotations is completely determine.
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v.
13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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2008
1
12
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39283_3b647ef5c30b6101836017a3f33631e5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39283
A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR ACTUATING PARALLEL MANIPULATORS
KHIDIR
A.
Post Doctoral Fellow, Dpt. of Mech. and Mat. Eng., UKM, Bangi, Malaysia.
author
MOHAMED
N.
Professor, Dpt. of Mech. and Mat. Eng., UKM, Bangi, Malaysia.
author
NOR
M.
Professor, Dpt. of Mech. and Mat. Eng., UKM, Bangi, Malaysia.
author
MUSTAFA
M.
Professor, Dpt. of Electrical, Electronic and System, UKM, Bangi, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper presents a new technique of actuating a parallel platform manipulator usingshape memory alloy (SMA). This is a type of smart materials that can attain a highstrength-to-weight ratio, which makes them ideal for miniature application. The work isdivided into two main parts; developing a new SMA actuator and then incorporating theactuator in building the parallel manipulator prototype. The SMA used in this study is acommercial NiTi wire. The SMA wire provides an actuating force that produces a largebending and end displacement. A 3-UPU (Universal-Prismatic-Universal) parallelmanipulator using linear SMA actuators was developed. The manipulator consists of afixed platform, a moving platform and three SMA actuators. The manipulator workspacewas specified based on the restrictions due to actuator strokes and joint angle limits.System identification techniques were used to model both heating and cooling processes.An ON/OFF control was performed and the results showed closeness in simulation andexperimental results. This study showed that shape memory alloy actuated beam cansuccessfully be used to provide linear displacement. The built prototype indicates thefeasibility of using SMA actuators in parallel manipulators.
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2636-4352
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v.
13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
13
24
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39285_873bfd33993d0e1b5f746ab7c41daf5a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39285
DEVELOPMENT OF INDOOR NAVIGATION SYSTEM FOR MOBILE ROBOT BY USING RFID
SEON
A.
Professor, School of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Chonnam. National University,
South Korea.
author
KIM
S.
Professor, School of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Chonnam. National University,
South Korea.
author
KEE
D.
Ph.D. students, School of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Chonnam. National University,
South Korea.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTRFID system can be used to improve object recognition, map building and localizationfor robot area. A novel method of indoor navigation system for a mobile robot isproposed using RFID technology. The mobile robot with a RFID reader and antenna isable to find what obstacles are located where in circumstance and can build the mapsimilar to indoor circumstance by combining RFID information and distance dataobtained from other sensors. Using the map obtained, the mobile robot can avoidobstacles and finally reach the desired goal by A* algorithm. 3D map which has theadvantage of robot navigation and manipulation is able to be built using x, y, zdimensions of products. The proposed robot navigation system is proved to apply forSLAM and path planning in unknown circumstance through numerous experiments.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
25
32
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39288_01781c047da42adb82a3de2a0bafe4fb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39288
SOCIAL POTENTIAL MODEL TO SIMULATE EMERGENT BEHAVIOUR FOR SWARM ROBOTS
MABROUK
H.
PhD research student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
author
MCINNES
R
Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTSwarm robotics has a wide range of applications in numerous fields from space and subseaexploration to the deployment of teams of interacting artificial agents in disposalsystems. In this paper, we introduce a model to simulate the emergent behaviour of multiagentrobot systems, based on principles from physical mechanics. The model is based onmutual interactions among the swarm individuals. The main elements of these interactionsare repulsion forces, attraction forces, alignment forces and dissipative forces generatedby the swarm members. Using statistical tools, which are used to investigate simulatedgroup behaviour, we discuss the importance of introducing some dissipation to the systemas well as the effect of the interaction parameters on various components of the model.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39289_9c8e30e99b721a39992fd18e2b3798fd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39289
NONLINEAR ∞ H CONTROL OF A QUADROTOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
MOKHTAR
A.
University of Sciences and Technology Oran, BP1505 El M'naour Oran Algeria.
author
BENALLEGUE
A.
Robotic Laboratory of Versailles, 10 avenue de l'Europe Velizy, France.
author
ORLOV
Y.
Scientific Research Technology Development (CITEDI-IPN), Ave. del Parque 1310 Mesa de Otay,
Tijuana, B.C., Mexico.
author
DAACHI
B.
Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Intelligence Artificielle (LISSI) 122-124, rue Paul Armangot
94200 Vitry sur Seine (France).
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA nonlinear ∞ H output feedback controller is proposed and coupled to a PI controller toregulate an UAV in the presence of aerodynamic force and moment perturbations. Theplant to be controlled is a Quadrotor helicopter described by nonlinear dynamics withplant uncertainties due to the variations of inertia moments and payload operation. Arobust state estimation is considered under model uncertainties as well asexternal/measurement disturbances. Performance issues of the controller are illustratedin a simulation study made for an UAV prototype.
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57
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39292_c4890fe289acca9b6ccdffb58ef44646.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39292
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF POWER RECIRCULATING GEAR TEST RIG
GONSALVIS
J.
Principal, St. Joseph Engineering College, Mangalore.
Author for correspondence.
author
SACHIDANANDA
K.
Assistant Professor Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Sahyadri Institute of Technology,
Mangalore.
author
PRAKASH
R.
Lecturer, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore.
author
RAJESH
R.
Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering DACG Polytechnic, Chickmagalur.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTGears are used for transmission of motion or power from one shaft to another. The typeof gear, and design features, determine not only the operating characteristics of a gearpair but also whether it may fail prematurely. Testing of gears is essential to know theirreliability in their field performance. Laboratory methods, though cannot fully create areplica of the environment to which these gears are subjected to while working in thefields, but these methods certainly help in building confidence in their level ofperformance expected. In order to measure the performance of the gear it has to bedesigned, fabricated and tested. Various types of gear testing machines are availablewhich use the principle of “four square” in which two gear sets are joined back to backand locked together after applying a twisting couple to one of the connecting shafts.The novelty of this gear testing machine is that in order to apply tooth loads back toback, a torque meter is employed, which helps apply metered torque, which eliminatestwisting of a long shaft. The power required to drive this test rig is only the frictionalpower loss occurring between gear tooth contacts. This paper discusses about designand development of a power re-circulating test rig for testing gear samples.
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73
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39295_92681ce208c22156d1501d74403af114.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39295
EFFECT OF BOLT SCATTER ON DIFFERENT SIZES OF GASKETED BOLTED FLANGE JOINTS: A COMPARATIVE F.E. STUDY
ABID
M
Associate Professor, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of
Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe performance of gasketed bolted flange joint depends on the proper joint assembly.During gasketed joint assembly, joint relaxation is a known phenomenon which isconcluded due to the bolt scatter. Non-uniform gasket stress is concluded due to thebolt scatter using torque control method and due to the presence of the elasticinteraction and flange deformation. In this paper, flange bending stress, flange rotation,bolt bending, stress variation at gasket and centring ring of the gasketed flange jointsfor class 900# and different sizes from 0.5-24 inch is analyzed during bolt up andinternal pressure loading for comparative study. Bolt scatter and overall joint relaxationbehaviour is discussed in detail for different sizes.
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83
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39298_8b0154e01fd39bcca003537727f9a86f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39298
HIGH TEMPERATURE FATIGUE BENDING PROPERTIES OF LOW CARBON STEEL
HASSAN
Y.
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
author
ALI
A.
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
author
SAPUAN
M.
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
author
HOO
B.
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTHigh temperature fatigue bending properties of low carbon steel was studied. Testswere carried out on a constant speed of 50Hz (3000rpm) at 300°C and 500°C bydecreasing stress amplitudes. The investigation was performed based on the stress-life(S-N) approach for high cycle fatigue regime, to establish the empirical equations forfatigue strength and endurance limit.The endurance limit for 300°C is 249.9MNm-2 with knee at 10.03 million cycles while for500°C it is expected to occur on 171.0MNm-2 at 43.29 million cycles. For low carbonsteel test at even higher temperature will experience further drastic drop in fatiguestrength.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39301_a5a9cb64669cd620b0a1e7e5978f727c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39301
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF A STEEL POST INSERTED IN POLYMER CYLINDER UNDER PULL-OUT AND TORQUE LOADINGS
DAMMAK
M.
Professor, Dpt. of Technology, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d’Ingénieurs
de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
author
KHARRAT
M.
Associate professor, Dpt. of Technology, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes
d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
author
SHIRAZI
A.
Professor, Dpt. of Mech., Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
author
TRABELSI
M.
Graduate student, LASEM, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Tunisia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTPosts are used in various implant designs to contribute to the short- and long- termfixation stability of artificial joints. This study was undertaken to provide furtherinformation on the effect of torque loading on the pull-out response of steel postinserted in polymer material. 3 D finite element analysis, using ABAQUS program, weredeveloped on metallic post inserted in polymer cylinder with initial interference underpull-out, torque and combined torque/pull-out loadings. For the polymer cylindermaterials we have considered a High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) cylinder with wellknown mechanical and tribological properties. The predicted ultimate pull-out forceundergoes non linear decrease as the applied torque increases. The importantdecreasing rate was observed when the applied torque exceeded 25 % of the ultimatetorque. The radial and shear stresses are significantly changed under pull-out and thecombined pull-out/torque forces. The finite element prediction corroborate with ourrecently experimental results developed on HDPE material. The predicted results ofpost inserted in polyethylene materials can, therefore, demonstrate the effect of torqueloading on the pull-out force.
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107
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39303_204a597aae753850ec8180aef0ee618b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39303
THE EFFECT OF DROPLETS ON BUOYANCY IN VERY RICH ISO-OCTANE-AIR FLAMES
SULAIMAN
A.
Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Mech. Eng., Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Malaysia.
author
LAWES
M.
Senior Lecturer, School of Mech. Eng., University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTAn experimental study is performed with the aim of investigating the effect of thepresence of droplets in flames of very rich iso-octane-air mixture under normal gravity.Experiments are conducted for initial pressures in the range 100-160 kPa and initialtemperatures 287-303 K at an equivalence ratio of 2.0. Iso-octane-air aerosols aregenerated by expansion of the gaseous pre-mixture (condensation technique) toproduce a homogeneously distributed suspension of near mono-disperse fuel droplets.The droplet size varies with time during expansion; hence the effect of droplet size inrelation to the cellular structure of the flame is investigated by varying the ignitiontiming. Flame propagation behavior is observed in a cylindrical vessel equipped withoptical windows by using schlieren photography. Local flame speeds are measured toassess the effect of buoyancy in gaseous and aerosol flames. It is found that thepresence of droplets results in a much earlier onset of instabilities, at a rate faster thanthat taken for the buoyancy effect to take place. Flame instabilities, characterised bywrinkling and cellular surface structure, increase the burning rate due to the associatedincrease in surface area. Consequently, the presence of droplets results in a fasterflame propagation rate than that displayed by a gaseous flame. The mechanism offlame instabilities that causes a significant reduction of the buoyancy effect isdiscussed.
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209
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39305_611fc416d0e867c546624a32424ce1d5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39305
SIMULATION OF COMPRESSION ENGINE RUNNING ON DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUELS
HAMDAN
A.
Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Faculty of
Engineering and technology. University of Jordan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present work describes a theoretical investigation concerning the performance of afour strokes compression engine, which is powered by alternative fuels in the form ofdiesel-ethanol and diesel –ether mixtures, the properties of which were sited fromliterature. The amount of each alcohol added was 5, 10 and 15 % by volume. Theengine speed during the experimental work was within the range from 1000 to 4000rpm, with engine was set at full throttle opening and hence the engine was operatingunder full load conditions. Several parameters were calculated namely; engine torque,brake mean effective pressure, brake power, specific fuel consumption and the thermalefficiency, this was carried out using DIESEL-RK Software.It was found that the engine is of highest thermal efficiency when it is powered by a 15% ethanol-diesel blend, wile it is of minimum thermal efficiency when it is powered bypure diesel fuel.. Further, it was found that both the thermal efficiency of the engineand the specific fuel consumption increases with the percentage of either ethanol orether in the fuel blend . However, the power was found to decrease with the amount ofeither ethanol or ether in the fuel blends.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39307_1abfcbff0ade58572af4a2c4014e063f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39307
AN INNOVATIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING MAXIMUM POWER OBTAINABLE FROM A COMMON RAIL TURBOCHARGED DIESEL ENGINE STARTING FROM EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FRANCIA
D.
PhD student, DIEM aerospace div., University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy.
author
PIANCASTELLI
L.
Professor, DIEM aerospace div., University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper presents an experimental method for determining the maximum powerobtainable from an aircraft diesel engine derived from the automotive field. Severaltests were performed to estimate the real values of pressure and thermal loads on thepiston and head. The simple and original method described in this paper made itpossible to define two constants for the description of the engine-performanceenvelope.Maximum allowable pressure on the piston and the head was evaluated withcomputer simulation. Two different indicator cycles of the same engine (in theautomotive and aircraft version) were analyzed to extrapolate three constants thatdefine the engine family:• The contributing factor of compression (the exponent of the polytrophic curve n)• The contributing factors of combustion (a constant and an exponent)These contributing factors were examined and quantified separately.The paper is composed of two parts: the first part highlights the ultimate loads oncritical engine parts while the second details the method for the extrapolation of theultimate power output value. Successive experimental tests performed on the engineconfirmed the simple method described herein.
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234
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39309_92db53e98260e4a9555c323980064509.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39309
AIRCRAFT PROPULSION SYSTEMS : A DIESEL HYBRID ENGINE
FRANCIA
D.
Graduate student, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Bologna University, Forlì, Italy.
author
PIANCASTELLI
L.
Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Bologna University, Forlì, Italy.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTRecent developments in diesel piston engine technology have increased performancein a very significant way. In this paper a new hybrid diesel-turbine engine is introducedand it is compared to up-to-date turboprops. The weak point of the common rail engineis the difficulty to obtain very fast injectors for large engines. Automotive injectors areavailable only for small power outputs. The problem was solved with a dual chamberspiston with two injectors per cylinder. It is then possible to use off-the-shelf automotivecommon rail components even on very large diesel engines with benefits oncombustion especially at medium low power level. The other more interestingadvantage is a significant increase on crankshaft maximum speed and reduction ofhead mechanical stress. It is then possible to have smaller and more powerfulturbodiesel and hybrid engines. Another advantage is the improved reliability of a dualinjection system. The diesel – turbine hybrid power unit proposed in this papercombines the advantages of the turboprop/turbofan/turboshaft and piston turbo-dieselprop/ turbo-diesel-fan / turbodiesel engines. However, It should be clear than theautomotive commercial common rail components should be treated to use jp4, jp8 andjet(A1) fuels and to fulfil aeronautical requirements.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39311_eab55bb3f51d5ca6fa3217566ca42270.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39311
IMPACT OF VARIABLE INTAKE-VALVE-TIMING ON HOMOGENEOUS CHARGE COMPRESSION IGNITION (HCCI) ENGINE PARAMETERS
MAHROUS
M.
Ass. Lecturer, Mechanical Power Engineering Dept., Menoufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt (On
leave), PhD student, Mechanical Engineering Dept, University of Birmingham, UK.
author
POTRZEBOWSKI
A.
PhD student, Mechanical Engineering Dept, University of Birmingham, UK.
author
WYSZYNSKI
L.
Professor of Novel Vehicle Technology and Applied Thermodynamics, Mechanical Engineering Dept,
University of Birmingham, UK.
author
XU
M.
Reader in Automotive Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Dept, University of Birmingham, UK.
author
TSOLAKIS
A.
Lecturer in Automotive Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Dept, University of Birmingham, UK.
author
LUSZCZ
P.
PhD student, Mechanical Engineering Dept, University of Birmingham, UK.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe effects of variable intake-valve-timing on the gas exchange process andperformance of a 4-valve direct injection HCCI engine were computationallyinvestigated using a 1D fluid-dynamic engine cycle simulation code. A non-typicalintake valve strategy was examined; whereby the intake valves were assumed to beindependently actuated with the same valve-lift profile but at different timings. Usingsuch an intake valves strategy, the obtained results showed a significant improvementof the engine parameters such as load and volumetric efficiency when compared withthose of the typical intake-valve-timing case. Additionally, minimizing the pumping workpenalty, and consequently improving the fuel economy, was shown as an advantage ofusing the non-typical intake-valve-timing with the timing of the early intake valvecoupled with a symmetric degree of exhaust-valve-closing timing.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39314_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39314
MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATON AND EFFECTS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BORON ADDED ARMOR STEELS
KARAGOEZ
S.
Prof . Dr, Dpt. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Kocaeli University, Turkey.
author
ATAPEK
H.
MSc, Dpt. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Kocaeli University, Turkey.
author
YILMAZ
A.
Dr., Captain, Turkish Land Forces Command, Off. of Tech. Proj. & Adm., Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe performance of steels depends on the properties associated with theirmicrostructures, that is type, volume fraction, form factor, size and the area distributionof the various phases involved. Because all the phases in steels are crystalline, steelmicrostructures are made up of various crystals, sometimes as many as three or fourdifferent types which are physically blended by solidification, solid-state phase changes,hot deformation, cold deformation and heat treatment. Each type of microstructure isdeveloped to characteristic property ranges by specific processing routes that controlthe microstructural changes. Thus processing technologies are used to tailor the finalmicrostructure.In this study boron added armor steel has been rolled to form sheet product.Austenitization treatment, rapidly quenching and then tempering at varioustemperatures and times have been performed on the materials respectively. After all ofthese operations, the phases of the alloy system formed during equilibrium state havebeen examined and also their amounts are calculated with Thermocalc. Microstructuresformed after different heat treatments have been examined by optical microscopy. Theeffect of formed microstructures on mechanical properties are comparatively given bystrength, toughness and elongation values.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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62
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39323_c195d39a50d13a2b2411864ca8df980e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39323
A FRACTOGRAPHICAL STUDY ON BORON ADDED ARMOR STEEL DEVELOPED BY ALLOYING AND HEAT TREATMENT TO UNDERSTAND ITS BALLISTIC PERFORMANCE
KARAGOEZ
S.
Prof . Dr, Dpt. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Kocaeli University, Turkey.
author
ATAPEK
H.
MSc, Dpt. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Kocaeli University, Turkey.
author
YILMAZ
A.
Dr., Captain, Turkish Land Forces Command, Off. of Tech. Proj. & Adm., Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTFractographical examinations present a good relationship between fracture surfacetopography and basic rupture mechanism. Fracture consists of crack formation (cracknucleation) and crack growth (crack propagation). Many parametres such as type ofloading, sensitivity of materials to crack play an important role on failure. Fracture inengineering alloys can occur by a transgranular (through the grains) or an intergranular(along the grain boundaries) fracture path.In this study newly developed boron added armor steel has been rolled to form sheetproduct. Heat treatment series including austenitization, quenching and then temperinghave been applied on boron added armor steel respectively. The effects of formedmicrostructures on mechanical properties have been studied extensively. Furthermorefailure mechanism has been determined through fractografical examinations by usingScanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). due to its high resolution. In general SEMexaminations are an important part of failure analysis.Failure analysis and type of fracture provide also a good approach to understand theballistic behaviour of armor steel. When the material is exposed to any kind of impactloading as performed by kinetic penetrator etc., it is obvious that the failure mode willgive information about its ballistic performance.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39319_9b5aacb4483b7edfb38d56782aeff11d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39319
COMPUTER MODELLING OF INDUCTION HEATING FOR THE PROCESSES OF SURFACE HARDENING
BEHULOVA
M.
Lecturer, Dpt. of Applied Mechanics, Inst. of Production Systems and Applied
Mechanics, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak
University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
author
TARABA
B.
Associate professor, Dpt. of Applied Mechanics, Inst. of Production Systems and
Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak
University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTProcesses of induction heating for surface hardening are mostly designed usingengineering experience and a trial-and-error procedure. In connection with advance incomputational technique and numerical methods, computer modelling and simulationare ever more exploited to support design and analysis of induction heat treatmentprocesses. Induction heating represents a complex problem requiring to performcoupled electro-magnetic, thermal and static analyses. In the paper, the methodology ofcomputer modelling and analysis of high-frequency induction heating processes usingthe program code ANSYS is discussed and applied for the numerical simulation ofinduction heating of a power cylinder piston.
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2008
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88
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39327_918d1ba2a7f441f3a8681c794fbad16d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39327
PREDICTION OF ENERGY STATES OF THE PROBE DURING QUENCHING IN ISOMAX 166 OIL APPLYING BY EXPERIMENT AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
TARABA
B.
Associate professor, Department of Applied Mechanics, Institute of Production
Systems and Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology
in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
author
LAŠČEK
M.
PhD. student, Department of Materials Engineering, Institute of Materials; Assistant,
Department of Applied Mechanics, Institute of Production Systems and Applied
Mechanics, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn the article, the computer modelling of the energy states of the probe duringquenching process in the Isomax 166 oil is presented. The probe was cooled from theinitial temperature of 850 °C. The selected steady-state temperatures of the oil werefrom 0 °C to 120 °C. The material of the probe was non-stabilized Cr-Ni austeniticstainless steel 1Cr18Ni9. The simulation model involves nonlinear thermophysical andthermomechanical material properties. Cooling curves were obtained using themethodology of Wolfson test. Based on the numerical simulation of a cooling processand experimental temperature measurement, the combined heat transfer coefficientwas calculated. To determine the combined heat transfer coefficient as a function ofprobe surface temperature, the inverse-numerical-correlation method was applied. Thetime histories of thermal elastic and plastic stress states, time dependences of residualstresses and volume plastic work as a function of chosen temperature of quenching oilwere analysed using the finite element method and the engineering-scientific programcode ANSYS.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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2008
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99
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39330_fc4e86001e652c01a2c4b844b9702282.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39330
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF WORKING GAS TYPE ON MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE DEPOSITED LAYERS ON A STEEL ALLOY PRODUCED BY IMPULSE PLASMA DEPOSITION TECHNIQUE
RASHAD
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
HASSAN
A
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
HASSAN
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
OSMAN
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper is concerned with the nature and morphology of deposited Carbon - Aluminacoatings produced under various discharging conditions of the Impulse PlasmaDeposition (IPD) process. The deposition of the coating material was carried out on anon-heated steel substrate by means of plasma pulses generated from a coaxialplasma gun. The pulsed plasma mainly consists of two kinds of ions: working gas ionsand inner electrode ions. Coatings were produced by a number of plasma pulses (50 -200) from 15.42 μF capacitor bank at 13.5 kV discharging voltage. The microstructureof the deposited films was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM).Structural features were greatly affected by the type of the working gas which controlsthe ionization potential. Using the Acetylene (C2H2) only as a working gas produces alayer of graphite and coarse alumina particles (AL2O3) with non uniform distribution.Mixing the used gas with a molecular gas (either N2 or H2) enhances the ionization andgives more uniform distribution of finer alumina particles.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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114
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39334_3e0993268f214beebf6df9a11c9a498f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39334
AN ASSESSMENT OF SEMI-ACTIVE SUSPENSION FOR PASSENGER CARS USING FULL CAR MODEL
IHSAN
I.
Graduate Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, International Islamic University
Malaysia, Malaysia.
author
FARIS
F.
Assistant Professor, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Departments, International
Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia.
author
AHMADIAN
M.
Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Virginia Polytechnic and State University,
USA.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTSeveral control policies of F-car 7-DOF semiactive system, namely skyhook,groundhook and hybrid controls are presented, as a continuation of the previous workon Q-car 2-DOF and H-car 4-DOF models. Their ride comfort, suspension displacementand road-holding performances are analyzed and compared with passive system. Theanalysis covers both transient and steady state responses in time domain. The resultsshow that the hybrid control policy yields better comfort than a passive suspension,without reducing the road-holding quality or increasing the suspension displacement fortypical passenger cars. The hybrid control policy is also shown to be a bettercompromise between comfort, road-holding and suspension displacement than theskyhook and groundhook control policies.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
1
14
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39338_bddd8cb83a679f6ed14e9d7e44aef856.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39338
ANAYSIS AND CONTROL LAWS OF SEMI-ACTIVE VEHICLE SUSPENSION SYSTEMS WITH RENDING AN ACCOUNT OF THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MAGNETO-RHEOLOGICAL DAMPERS
GENOVE
J.
Associate professor, Dpt. of Mech., Technical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
author
TASHKOV
S.
Assistant professor, Dpt. of Mech. Power, Technical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
author
TRAYKOV
B.
Professor, Dpt. Transport Technologies, Technical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
author
ARNAUDOV
K.
Professor, Dpt. Mech., Technical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
author
VENKOV
G.
Professor, Dpt. Mech., Technical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn the paper, comparative analysis of the semi-active suspension systemseffectiveness towards the passive ones is studied. Several control laws areinvestigated depending on the analyses goals–comfort increasing, stabilityimprovement or a realized compromise between them. There are suggested fewimplemented controller types, and their effectiveness is discussed. The influence uponthe effectiveness of the damper nonlinear physical model is analyzed.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39370_ae88782a29954f359e292ad5356dd54e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39370
MIXED-REALITY ENVIRONMENT FOR ONLINE SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION OF NONLINEAR SYSTEMS
ASHRAF
S.
Assistant professor, Dpt. of
Mechatronics, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan.
author
SABER
A.
Associate professor, Dpt. of
Mechatronics, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan.
author
TAREK
T.
Assistant professor, Dpt. of
Mechatronics, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis paper presents a method to identify non-linear-systems in a real time environment.Acquiring the system's transfer function accurately could be extremely difficult once ithas been assembled, which causes a great difficulty in the non-linear system modelingand control. Therefore in this research, Mixed Reality Environment (MRE) has beenemployed to identify the system's transfer function using Auto-Regressive MovingAverage (ARMAX) model algorithm in order to avoid the complexity associated withnonlinear systems modeling. Online system identification can be conducted effectivelyand efficiently using the proposed method. The advantages of the proposed method arehigh accuracy in the identified system, simplicity, and low cost. The results obtainedfrom on line experimental measured data are used to determine discrete transferfunction of the system, 4th order model with one step prediction shows bestperformance.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39373_e978171bc56e9f2861adeb7f3e0e7b0e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39373
NON-PARAMETRIC MODEL FOR EMULATING MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL DAMPER BEHAVIOR
ELTANTAWIE
A.
Lecturer, Dpt. of Mech. Engineering, Higher Technological Institute, October
Branch, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe magnetorheological damper allows variable control of energy dissipation in asimple design. Rapid response time and efficient power requirements make the deviceone of the most effective means possible for interfacing mechanical components withelectrical controls. These properties are due to the MR fluids ability to change from afree-flowing liquid to a semisolid in milliseconds when exposed to a magnetic field, andinstantly back to a liquid when the field is removed. But highly nonlinear dynamicbehavior is a significant challenge for applying to a control system. Research by othershas shown that a system of nonlinear differential equations can successfully be used todescribe the behavior of a MR damper. The paper presents a neuro fuzzy model for 0.3ton MR-damper using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference system (ANFIS). The resultsshow that the neuro fuzzy model can predict the force of the damper for differentexcitation amplitudes and frequencies
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39374_6272a56bc3a1b9c6292b79f259afc4ce.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39374
SIMULATION OF ACOUSTIC GENERATION AND PROGRESSION IN A CLOSED CHAMBER
MOHD-GHAZALI
N.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
FAX: 07-5566159.
author
McHUGH
P.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham,
NH 03824, USA.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTTheoretical and experimental studies in thermoacoustics successfully explained thephenomena with linear inviscid theory at lower oscillation amplitudes. The theory isinadequate at higher oscillations because of dominant nonlinear and multidimensionaleffects. This study is part of a research into the simulation of the nonlinear behavior of fluidin an acoustic chamber at near incompressible flow. A time-dependent compressibleNavier-Stokes system was solved for a two-dimensional rectangular chamber with amembrane and a closed end on the other. The generation and progression of thesimulated velocity field observed is significantly complex which include beatings, vortexmotions, and cross-waves, among others. Computations have shown vortex sheddingbehavior near the membrane acoustic driver as well as near heat exchanging plates whenthey are included for both pure Helium and mixtures. Simulations also showed acousticstreaming, a secondary flow forced by the acoustic waves. Quantitatively small, thestreaming flow increases steadily with time. The paper reports the simulation resultsobtained. These complexities have only been previously reported independently and todate many open questions still remain on some issues.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39376_dec3bc1efbc542802a1f965cc4f34d59.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39376
A MALAYSIAN PORTABLE THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM
MOHD-GHAZALI
N.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
FAX: 07-5566159.
author
CHENG
F.
Curtin University of Technology Sarawak Campus, Sarawak, Malaysia.
author
NURUDIN
S.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
FAX: 07-5566159.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe discovery that thermoacoustic phenomena can generate cooling for refrigerationhas escalated research into thermoacoustic heat engine and refrigeration systemssince the late twentieth century in developed countries. The simplicity of thethermoacoustic systems and its environmentally friendly operations has encouragedresearchers in Malaysia to develop similar systems for specific purposes. A portablethermoacoustic refrigerator prototype using pure Helium as the working fluid wasdesigned, fabricated and tested for thermoacoustic cooling effects. Based on thestanding wave system with sinusoidal resonator geometry, a temperature drop wasobtained repeatedly and consistently with cooling effects lower than the ambient whenoperating only at 1 atmospheric pressure. This paper reports the theory behind thedesign and fabrication procedure with initial temperature drop of 20K obtained from thefirst thermoacoustic refrigerator in Malaysia. Investigations into different geometry stackand the complete refrigerator system are underway to study the optimum performancethat can be obtained.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39380_d62e0f04a21d0c387ca65f5e2be45527.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39380
SIX-PORT MODEL FOR SOUND PROPAGATION IN A POROUS MEDIA WITH APPLICATION TO DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTERS
HAMDAN
N.
Full Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
university.
author
FAYYAD
M.
Assistant Professor, Dpt. of Mechatronics, Albalqa Applied University, Alsalt, Jordan.
author
HAMDAN
A.
Full Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
university.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis work presents a 2-D field model for the study of sound propagation in a dieselparticulate filter (DPF) unit. The 2-D model is formulated using the field Navier-stocks,energy, and continuity equations and retains the normal as well as transversecomponent of gas velocity. Temperature, pressure, density, and velocities are taken tobe as plane and time harmonic variations. By substituting the differentials of thesequantities with respect to both plane and time in field equations, a set of three coupledlinear 2-D field variation equations for pressure, axial and transverse velocities isobtained. The obtained model is solved analytically using Fourier seriesapproximations. The approximate solution is used to build a 2D acoustic model for theexhaust gases emission, with the existence of the diesel particulate filter, whichaccounts for both attenuation and phase shift defining the propagation wave constant.In addition the obtained approximate solution is used to determine the acousticsimpedance of the DPF unit, comparing between different types of DPF based on soundtransmission losses performance, soot loading, noise and vibration damping, in additionto calculating the noise reduction factor (NRF). In the present study, unlike previousones, six, rather than four, roots for wave propagation constant are obtainedcorresponding to the obtained six port acoustic DPF model. The results obtained usingthe present six -port model, for selected system parameters are graphically displayedand compared with those available in the open literature using four- port models. Thepresent model results show, in general, similar qualitative behavior and a significantquantitative improvement of the available results in the open literature obtained using afour port model.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39382_a847d82da37364cb1e627819d3b67894.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39382
THE USING OF POLYURETHANE FOAMS INSIDE AIRCRAFT FUSELAGE AS ACOUSTIC INSULATION
JURICKA
M.
Graduate student, Department of Physics and Material Engineering, Tomas Bata
University in Zlin, Czech Republic.
author
LAPCIK
Jr.
Professor, Department of Physics and Material Engineering, Tomas Bata University
in Zlin, Czech Republic.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe paper is focused on problematic of noise inside a fuselage of one propelleraeroplane. The aim of this paper is to analyse the noise produced by engine located infront of cabin for two passengers and also to show an application of specificpolyurethane as an insulation layer. There were a sound absorption coefficient; a soundreflection coefficient and a sound pressure level are the most important of acousticvalues. The measurements were made in laboratory and in aeroplane. The finalinterpretation depends on test results.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39384_f029b0fdc4deafce0415d69479e5bc97.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39384
DETECTING STICK-SLIP OCCURRENCE BY NEAR FIELD NOISE MEASUREMENTS
GHAZY
A.
Department of Mechanical Engineering Design, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University.
author
EL-HADY
M.
Department of Space Science, National Authority of Remote Sensing and space Science,
Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present study is concerned with evaluating the pin-on-disk test rig usage and themeasurements conducted in recognizing the occurrence of stick-slip phenomenon. Thetest rig consists of two separate blocks to ensure that the vibration of the elastic diskand the emitted noise are completely adverted to friction between the moving pin andthe stationary steel disk.The occurrence of stick slip is clearly picked up using the near field noisemeasurements. It can be distinguished from the vibration signal as high consecutivespikes, but the existence of these spikes is clearer and more definite in the noisesignature.
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49
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39385_bc30bd3dadfe8a2fc3236dffb452be04.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39385
COMBINED EFFECT OF INCIDENCE - FOREBODY ANGLES ON THE FLOW STRUCTURE INSIDE SPIKED SUPERSONIC INTAKES
AL-KAYIEM
H.
Associate Professor, Mech. Eng. Dept., Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar
Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak,Malaysia.
author
SALIH
W.
Assistant Lecturer, Mech. Eng. Dept. Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq,
Tel.: +964 770 254 1260.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA high static pressure at the inlet face and minimal total pressure loss at the intakeentry are required for an efficient operation of the spiked supersonic jet engines. Theturning (Forebody) angles are optimized for a maximum total pressure recovery at theintake entry for the design Mach number condition, so that the compression shocks fallon the cowl lip. Non zero incidence angle changes the effective deflection angle up anddown the spike, so the combining effect of incidence and forebody angles is essentialfor the intake performance. The present analysis investigates the pressure distributionat the compressor face at different forebody-Incident combinations at differentsupersonic fly speeds ranging from 1.8 to 2.2 Mach. The numerical analysis is carriedout under 2-D, steady and viscous flow assumptions. The external flow, which consistsof the set of waves, is solved analytically. CFD analysis using Control VolumeFormulation technique is applied to analyze the internal flow. In house program is builtto solve the governing sets of equations by using SIMPLE algorithm. The analyses arecarried out at incidence angles ranging from 0o to 10o and forebody angles ranging from6o to 25o. The procedure has been verified by comparing with previous experimentalresults. The results obtained have generally shown, that the pressure recoveryincreases by the increasing of the wedge angle and decreases by increasing ofincidence angle. In some operating conditions, the combination of the three factors,Mach no., the incidence, and the forebody angle results in a complicated mechanismdue to the presence of compression and expansion waves in the external part of theintake simultaneously.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39387_14cc578295c85ef1a793bdbd37c6fbf3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39387
ON THE NON-ISENTROPIC SOUND WAVES PROPAGATION OF A STATIONAY OR FLOWING FLUID IN A CYLINDERICAL TUBE FILLED WITH POROUS MEDIA
DUWAIRI
M.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, The University
of Jordan, 11942 Amman, Jordan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIt is shown that the five parameters governing the propagation of sound waves in a fluidcontained in rigid cylindrical tubes filled with a saturated porous media are the shearwave number s = R ρω / μ , ratio of specific heats γ , the Prandtl number σ , porosityεand the Darcy number Da = R2 K . A variational solution of the problem with nonisentropicwave’s propagation in a cylindrical tube in the presence and absence of aconvective steady flow is presented. The manner in which the flow influences theattenuation and the phase velocity of the forward and backward propagating acousticwaves is deduced. It is found that the inclusion of the solid matrix or the increasing ofDarcy number increases the attenuation and decreases the phase velocities of theforward, backward and hydrodynamic sound wave’s; this is due to favorable retardingeffect of the solid matrix. The increasing of porosity is found to decrease attenuationand increases phase velocities of the forward, backward and hydrodynamic soundwaves; this is due to absent role of solid matrix in damping sound waves. The effect ofincreasing Mach numbers is found to increase attenuation and decrease phasevelocities for the backward sound waves; this is due favorable retarding steady flowvelocities and decrease attenuation and increase phase velocities of the forward andhydrodynamic sound waves; this is due to favorable steady flow velocities in drivingthese two sound waves.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39389_5975d6749f438bc89cdff1a28876fffc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39389
EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL INVESTIGATION OF THE AERODYNAMICS OF A SUPERSONIC PROJECTILE WITH STREAMWISE SLOTS
IBRAHIM
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
FILIPPONE
A.
Lecturer, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester,
Manchester, U.K.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present paper investigates the effect of streamwise slots applied to the boattailsection of a projectile at supersonic speeds. Experimental work was performed to showthe effect of the slots on the drag at Mach numbers M=1.36, 1.65 and 1.83. A singleconfiguration of the slot pattern was used with two different slot widths (0.5mm and2.0mm). The physics of the cavity flow was computationally investigated as well as theeffect of the slots on the overall aerodynamic drag. Unlike the case of streamwise slotsat transonic speeds, the suction and blowing mechanism is absent at supersonicspeeds. It was found that there is a significant base drag reduction due to the presenceof the streamwise slots. The reduction in total drag is modest when the width isW=0.5mm. However, the experiments showed that the drag increases at Machnumbers ranging from 1.36 to 1.83 for a slot width W=2.0mm.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39392_81b8c67e079fdbcb44353f2a43c3b6fe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39392
EFFECTS OF OSCILLATORY PLUNGING MOTION ON ROTARY WING BLADES
ABOURAHMA
A.
Ph. D Head of ARC Engineering Department. Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe effect of blade oscillation on resulting air loads has promoted new interest inoscillatory blade aerodynamics. Rotary wings aerodynamics is considerably morecomplex than fixed wing aerodynamics. As an airfoil performs an oscillation, vorticesare shed into the medium with a circulation strength equal in magnitude to the increasein circulation about the airfoil but opposite in direction. These disturbances are stored inthe fluid because the shed vorticity convicts down stream at a local flow field velocity.The wake of the rotor consists of helical vortex sheet below the rotor b1ades. The wakeremains near the rotor and therefore passes close to the following blades.The fundamental closed form solution of Theodorsen [1], and Lowey [2], provide thebasis for theoretical work in this area. The closed form theory shows rapid changes inthe lift deficiency function with changes in reduced frequency, wake spacing andfrequency ratio. In the past, emphasis in the study of unsteady aerodynamics hastended to focus on flutter instability and the effect of unsteady aerodynamics ongenerating lift and torsional loads. The classic reference on this subject is that byGarrick [3]. While Garrick's work shows that an airfoil oscillating in pitch will typicallyproduce drag in the lower reduced frequency range, k, it is found that the presence ofanother layer of shed vorticity of the proper phase can reduce the drag on plungingairfoils and depending upon wake spacing, reduced frequency and phase, may evenenhance the propulsive force acting on the plunging airfoils.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39393_706d814a0fcc3a4557527a5613d98ced.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39393
MODELISATION OF THERMOELASTIC LINEAR BEHAVIOUR OF TUNGSTEN FILAMENTS IN TWIN HELICAL SPRING CONFIGURATION
BENGHANEM
N.
Assistant professor, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie. Université de
Bejaia 06000 ALGERIA.
author
KAOUA
S.
Assistant professor, Faculté de génie Mécanique et de génie des procédés
USTHB ALGER16000 ALGERIA.
author
BECHEUR
A.
Assistant professor, Laboratoire de Technologie des Matériaux et de Génie des
Procédés LTMGP. Université de Bejaia 06000 ALGERIA.
author
AZZAZ
M.
Professor, Faculté de génie Mécanique et de génie des procédés USTHB
ALGER16000 ALGERIA.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTBy trying to increase the luminosity or the life expectancy of an incandescent lamp, anidea consists of a series of successive rolling up of the tungsten filament. This givesgeometrical configurations of filaments named simple, twin, or triple helical spring, etc.In this paper, we will limit only to the case of the twin helical spring filament. Under thecombined effects of the high temperature and the stresses induced by its own weight,the filament creeps by becoming plastically deformed in a permanent and acontinuously manner, until the rupture. The theoretical study of the behaviour of thesefilaments needs the knowledge of internal loads distribution, deformations modes, andtheir evolutions. The present work consists on an elastic structural analysis which mustbe the first step. Since the objective is also to study the influence of the filament selfweight solicitation, the orientation with respect to gravitational direction should be takeninto account. Numerical results are obtained by finite element method. They showed anegligible influence of the solicitations due to the variation of the temperature withrespect to those of the self weight, and a relative sensitivity to the position changes. Forthe case of a vertical position, an analytical method has also been developed. Becauseof some difficulties, the comparison between the numerical and analytical results couldnot be carried out directly. However, the analytical approach proved to be qualitativelyuseful for the analysis of numerical results.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39397_1a764b62132dafddb95d29082403723e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39397
THE HEAT DEFORMATION ANALYSIS IN BRIDGE CARRIER
TAECHAJEDCADARUNGSRI
S.
Researcher, Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) in HDD
Component, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.+
author
SAENSUMRONG
K.
Graduate student, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon
Kaen 40002, Thailand.
author
HORMDEE
D.
Researcher, Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) in HDD
Component, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.+
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTBar lapping is a key process in Slider Micro-Fabrication Process of Hard Disk Drive(HDD) industry. The purpose this process is to remove a small amount of material sothat the transducer Sensor Height (SH) variation across the bar is minimized. One ofthe main problems occurred during the lapping process is bar bowing, which damagesboth ends of slider bar causing the difficulty to control SH. In this study, the commercialANSYS software is employed to evaluate the bar bowing profiles before and after thedesign improvement. Before the lapping process, the slider bar needs to be mountedon a bridge carrier with the wafer gripper, which functions as an adhesive betweenthese two parts. The bridge carrier with wafer gripper and bar is then heated up in anoven in order to melt the adhesive for the bonding process. In this process, the bridgecarrier is expanded and consequently causes the bar bow problem. In order to solvethe problem, the stainless bar is inserted into the bridge carrier for the reinforcement.The results from the finite element model show that the deflection of the bar is reducedby 38%. The actual data of bar bow profile before the reinforcement is measured fromthe field. The results are similar to the profiles simulated via FEM. As a result, theconclusions from FEM could be applied as a guideline to the new bar lappingdevelopment.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39401_68f6e891f17a0b21d7bc64f5b7e3bdfe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39401
INTERLAMINAR FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF MULTI-LAYER WOVEN SILK FIBRE/POLYESTER COMPOSITES
ZULKIFLI
R.
Senior Lecturer, Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
UCHENNA
U.
Graduate student, Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
PEI
S.
Undergraduate student, Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
AZHARI
H.
Professor,
Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe effect of the number of layers of woven silk fibre on the interlaminar fracturetoughness of silk/polyester composites which is a measure of the resistance of thematerial to delamination crack propagation has been studied. The multi-layer woven silkfibre/polyester composites were produced by compression moulding technique withincreasing layers of silk of between 8 and 14 layers in thermoset polyester. Thecomposite panels have been tested for mode I interlaminar fracture using doublecantilever beam specimens (DCB) testing method. It was found that the interlaminarfracture toughness, GIC of the composite increases as the number of silk fibre layersincreases. Stable crack propagation is observed during the tests and the crackpropagation areas showed all the fibres were bare with no matrix covering them aswere seen at 100x and 500x magnification using SEM. Failure occurred at the fibrematrixinterface with no fibre bridging observed between the two fracture surfaces. Thesmooth clean surface of the silk fibres is the result of poor interfacial debonding and theincreases in interlaminar fracture toughness is also due to improve strength of thecomposites panel.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39403_ffebd160728d7befab8d07fa0fb1b30f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39403
AERO-THERMO-MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY HYBRID COMPOSITE PANELS WITH GEOMETRIC IMPERFECTION
IBRAHIM
H.
Assistant Professor, Space Division, National Authority for Remote Sensing and
Space Sciences, Cairo, Egypt.
author
TAWFIK
M.
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Department, British University in Egypt, Cairo,
Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA new nonlinear finite element model is presented for the static aero-thermal deflectionof a shape memory alloy (SMA) hybrid composite panel with initial geometricimperfection and under the combined effect of thermal and aerodynamic loads. Thenonlinear governing equations are obtained using Marguerre curved plate theory andthe principle of virtual work. The effect of large deflection is included in the formulationthrough the von Karman nonlinear strain-displacement relations. To account for thetemperature dependence of material properties, the thermal strain is stated as anintegral quantity of the thermal expansion coefficient with respect to temperature. Theaerodynamic pressure is modeled using the quasi-steady first-order piston theory. TheNewton-Raphson iteration method is employed to obtain the nonlinear aero-thermaldeflections, while an Eigen value problem is solved at each temperature and staticaerodynamic load to predict the free vibration frequencies about the deflectedequilibrium position. Finally, the nonlinear deflection and free vibration characteristics ofa SMA hybrid composite panel are presented, illustrating the effect of SMA fiberembeddings, temperature rise, dynamic pressure, boundary conditions and an initialgeometric imperfection on the panel response.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39405_2a6ff844643bb2a98a036a7dd989ddf3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39405
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF COMPRESSOR BLADES UNDER EXTENSION, BENDING, AND TORSION LOADS
FARID
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
ELSHAFEI
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
KOUSA
S.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe objective of this research is to develop a finite element model for the analysis of thedynamic as well as the static response of a compressor blade made of compositematerials subjected to extension, transverse, and torsion loads. The equation of motionis derived based on the variation technique with the principle of the total potentialenergy of a laminated fiber reinforced structures with different fiber orientation angles.The formulation is based on the classical laminate theory and the warping effect istaken into consideration. A one dimensional linear isoperimetric element with Lagrangeand hermit cubic shape function are used to model the axial and transversedeformation. A two end nodes and one intermediate node as well is implemented formodeling the torsion deformation. The bending – torsion and axial coupling areintroduced in the stiffness and mass matrices. The obtained results of the presentmodel are compared to the available finite element and analytical results of othersinvestigators, a good agreement is generally obtained.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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2008
177
195
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39408_7f45e171a60d222c7c0186aae61997c7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39408
BASE CONDITIONS OF MULTISPINDLE HEAD DESIGN
HRUŠKOVÁ
E.
Research worker, Institute of Production Systems and Applied Mechanics, Slovak
University of Technology, Rázusova 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovak Republic.
author
VELÍŠEK
K.
Professor, Rázusova 2, 917 01 Trnava, Institute of Production Systems and Applied
Mechanics, Slovak University of Technology, Slovak Republic.
author
KOŠŤÁL
P.
Assoc. Prof., Institute of Production Systems and Applied Mechanics, Rázusova 2,
917 01 Trnava, Slovak University of Technology, Slovak Republic.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this article, the structural relations between particular multispindle head parts areanalyzed. The accurate principles and calculations create the base conditions for thedevelopment of an optimal engineering design of multispindle operational heads(MSOH). These conditions are the same as required from MSOH producer by users.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39410_059b5052e556b75a89ee6871a6cce1c1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39410
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF BLANKING PROCESS
AHMED
A.
Professor, Institute of Manufacturing Engineering, Navy Engineering College,
National University of Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan.
author
HASMIRA
HASMIRA
Professor, Institute of Manufacturing Engineering, Navy Engineering College,
National University of Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTBlanking process can be simulated on computer and it will aid in die , punch design andpress selection. Further effect of punch wear on fracture height and bur height in blankcan be ascertained by simulation. This paper demonstrates the blanking process bysimulation using ABAQUS v 6.4. For a 2mm mild steel sheet the simulation shows thatfor the punch force of 240 kN the crack starts at 30% punch penetration depth andpunch force suddenly drops to value of 70kN and remains steady till the blanking iscomplete. In the elastic plastic range the experimental and simulation results agree wellwith rising punch force up to the point of creation of crack, however there is slightdiscrepancy in the down fall of force with depth of penetration of punch. With increaseof the thickness of sheet the crack height is reduced and blank quality is improved.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39413_38bf5ee63fba13cf423bff504f1ac6ae.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39413
THICK AND WELL ADHERENT CARBON LAYERS FOR AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
BATORY
D.
Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Technical University of Lodz,
ul. Stefanowskiego 1, 90 – 924 Lodz, Poland.
author
CLAPA
M.
Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Technical University of Lodz,
ul. Stefanowskiego 1, 90 – 924 Lodz, Poland.
author
MITURA
S.
Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Technical University of Lodz,
ul. Stefanowskiego 1, 90 – 924 Lodz, Poland.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTDiamond-like carbon (DLC) layers due to their good mechanical properties are a veryinteresting material for many industrial applications. But to thick DLC layer results inhigh internal stress, and is the reason of problems, connected with their poor adhesionand self delamination processes. This problem is widely discussed in world literature.Despite of their very good friction parameters very often the maximum thicknesspossible to obtain is not sufficient to be applied. Authors of this work proposeimprovement of adhesion and increase of the thickness of carbon layers by thedeposition of Ti inter and buffer layer between the substrate surface and the carbonlayer on the top. Specially to that purpose a new apparatus was designed, which is theconnection of impuls magnetron sputtering and plasma assisted chemical vapordeposition in one reaction chamber. Gradient layers were deposited on typical materialswhich are used in automotive industry and work under friction conditions. Manufacturedlayers were investigated on SEM and AES, friction coefficient and wear resistance wasmeasured by ball – on – disc method. As the result of investigation it was noticed thatcarbon layers manufactured in new deposition system are very promising material forautomotive applications. It was possible to obtain thick and well adherent DLC layerswith keeping of their very good friction parameters.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39415_b0c37291caf5fa4ab4f1ee08932dd73d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39415
ASSESSING THERMAL VARIATION IN BENCH AND CAROUSELTYPE PRODUCTION TOOLS
ABDUL-RANI
M.
Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Mech. Eng., Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Malaysia.
author
AHMAD
F
Associate Professor, Dept. of Mech. Eng., Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Malaysia.
author
MURAD
N.
Lecturer, School of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTUniform mould temperature is very much desired in foam production tools. Mouldtemperature variation can result in low part quality. It is suspected that uniform mouldtemperature is not achieved during foam moulding process. A series of experimentswas conducted to assess production tools’ mould surface temperature. The work wasperformed to quantify any temperature variations in existing production tools. It wasalso intended as a preliminary inspection of any effects on flexible PU foam part qualityresulting from tool temperature variations. Experiments were conducted on bench andcarousel-type moulds at an industrial plant using non-contact and contact technique tomeasure and quantify the mould surface temperature. A grid of locations and featureson the mould surface are identified and temperature recordings were conducted anumber of times for each spot. Distance between mould surface and heating channelsfor each spot are also noted. It was found that there exists a mould surface temperaturevariation between 40C to 80C on some parts of the mould surface. The locality wherethe mould surface was lower coincided with a negative effect on the final part such asscaling and shrinks mark. It was established through experimental results that themould surface temperature was affected by the distance from the heating channel tothe mould surface. Consequently a uniform distance between heating channel andmould surface was proposed to be incorporated in the design of future production toolsto attain a uniform mould surface temperature
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39417_2aba50c3b543f1a76f0ef49f358698cb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39417
MODELLING OF LIGHT RANGE COMMERCIAL VEHICLE PROPELLER SHAFTS UNDER DYNAMİC EFFECTS
TAYMAZ
I.
Professor, Engineering Faculty, Sakarya University, Sakarya-Turkey.
author
CAKIR
K.
Professor, Engineering Faculty, Sakarya University, Sakarya-Turkey.
author
GUNEY
B.
Professor, Engineering Faculty, Sakarya University, Sakarya-Turkey.
author
GUNDOGAR
E.
Professor, Engineering Faculty, Sakarya University, Sakarya-Turkey.
author
CETINER
I.
Graduate Student, Engineering Faculty, Sakarya University, Sakarya-Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTPropeller shafts are the main components of a vehicle that transmit power from gearboxflange to differential flange enabling the wheels of the vehicle to rotate. Dependingupon the vehicle geometry and dimensions the vehicle might have one or morepropeller shafts at a time. In case of two or more shaft usage, most of the time the shaftconnected to gearbox flange has no length compensation while the latter one does.In this study front and rear propeller shafts of a selected vehicle have been analysed asfinite element models under the effects of torque transmitted from gearbox. Variouslevels of torque values have been considered and stress analysis have been made.Additionally the angle between shaft axes has been altered to find Von-Mises stresslevels. Finally fatigue criteria have been used to find fatigue life expectancy of shafts.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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1
11
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39643_bae71b0ea0a9b67549de697b8c36bc10.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39643
HISTORICAL REVIEW OF VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION SYSTEMS
PATRIZIO
NUCCIO
Professor, Department of Energetics, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
author
MARIO
MARZANO
Professor, Department of Energetics, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe internal combustion reciprocating engines that are usually employed in automotiveapplications need high torque at low revolution speeds to quickly increase car velocitywithout shifting gears. However, high power at top speed is required to obtain anadequate maximum speed as well as sufficient acceleration, through up-shifting.Designers can decide, according to different valve-timing diagrams, whether to improvetorque at low speeds or power at top speeds. Unfortunately, both these improvementscannot be carried out at the same time, if the valve-timing diagram does not changewith the engine revolution speed. Therefore, the current solutions for ordinary massproducedautomotive engines are often a compromise between torque and powerperformance. A suitable choice of intake-valve and exhaust-valve timing, by means ofVariable Valve Actuation (VVA), could instead satisfy both these requirements at thesame time and even reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. The aim of thisreview is to outline some of the most significant proposals over the last forty years as faras VVA systems are concerned.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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12
38
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39647_7967dcd1867bd0f97799686f44a5259a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39647
INVESTIGATION OF LOW END TORQUE DIP PROBLEM OF CAMPRO 1.6L ENGINE
MOHIUDDIN
M.
Professor, Dpt. of Mech. Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia.
author
RAHMAN
A.
Asst. Prof., Dpt. of Mech. Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia.
author
ARFAH
A.
Grad. student, Dpt. of Mech. Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia.
author
FARRAEN
A.
Grad. student, Dpt. of Mech. Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe main objective of this work is to perform an extensive study on the causes of thetorque dip in CAMPRO engine and subsequently to provide the best solution that willimprove the performance, reliability as well as production cost. CAMPRO engine is abasic Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC) which has a capacity of 1597 cc andinstalled with a total of 16 valves developed by Malaysian car manufacturer PROTON inthe year 2000.The CAMPRO engine experiences performance downfall when itreaches at certain rpm. The phenomenon is known as torque dip or torque loss wherethe output torque is not smooth, consequently formed a dip in the torque curve. The dipwhich occurs at 2500 – 3500 rpm is mainly influenced by the geometry of the designedintake manifold and valve timing. Analysis is mostly confined on the intake manifoldgeometry and the valve timing. Two possible solutions viz., dual length intake manifoldand variable valve timing are analyzed.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
39
53
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39652_4a25576440015ebcb3e53a9da6010da5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39652
EVALUATION OF WHEELED VEHICLE MOBILITY AND PERFORMANCE PREDICTION ON DEFORMABLE SOIL
RAGHEB
H.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
HEGAZY
S.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
GIRGIS
N.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTMobility is the ability to move freely and rapidly over the terrain of interest to accomplishvaried combat objectives. The vehicle weight and its footprint determine the resultantground pressure that the vehicle imparts on the soil. The soil strength, coupled with theground pressure, determines vehicle cone index, VCI, which is the key for vehiclemobility. This paper presented a theoretical evaluation of the vehicle mobility andpredicts its performance on deformable soil. For this purpose, soil field test was carriedout using cone penetrometer in situ to measure the strength of different soils. Thevehicle cone index was calculated using vehicle parameters.A comparison of rating cone index with the vehicle cone index indicates whether thevehicle can negotiate the given soil condition for a given number of passes.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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54
66
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39656_4ccc76db346ae9bfd9e0e896dc52e55e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39656
EFFECT OF VARIABLE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY ON HEAT TRANSFER FROM SPINES OF UNIFORM CROSS SECTIONS USING HPM
WAQAR
KHAN
Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, PNS Jauhar, Karachi, Pakistan.
author
AMIR
SHAHZAD
Researcher Associate, Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACT:
Homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is employed to investigate the effects of temperature dependent thermal conductivity on the dimensionless temperature distribution along spines of arbitrary uniform cross sections (rectangular, square, elliptical and circular) in still ambient air. Thermal performance of each cross section is compared in terms of efficiency based on equal cross sectional area of the spines. It is noticed that elliptical and rectangular cross sections with smaller axis ratios have higher efficiencies and they approach to circular and square cross sections in the limiting case when their axis ratios tend to unity. The effect of Biot number on dimensionless temperature distribution and on efficiency of each cross section is also presented graphically.
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no.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39671_a85afb6a8636eb176f5e755075e10991.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39671
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF FORCED CONVECTION OVER AN INCLINED HEATED FLAT PLATE
FAYEK
A.
Faculty of Engineering, Banha University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
GOMAA
G.
Faculty of Industrial Education, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
MOAWED
A.
Faculty of Engineering, Banha University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
El-HENDAL
A.
Faculty of Engineering, Banha University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis work presents the considerations and results of thermofluid characteristics of airflow over an inclined heated flat plate with particular reference to solar collector. Thestudy is motivated by the need to better understanding of heat transfer from the topsurface of flat-plate solar energy collectors. The effects of angle of attack, heat flux andReynolds number are experimentally and numerically investigated. The plate was fixedin the test section with a special mechanism have a capability of changing the angle ofattack. A finite volume descretization method using body-fitted coordinates andSIMPLE-based solution algorithm are applied with a segregated solver. The momentumand energy equations were solved by the second order upwind scheme. The fluid flowand heat transfer over the inclined flat plate are treated using k-ε RNG turbulent model.The model results are validated with the experimental results at the same particularconditions. The validated CFD model was extended to obtain the performance of a widerange of angle of attack and flow rate. The local distributions of the velocity, pressureand turbulence with different angle of attack are presented.
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348
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39674_45f76783fc160a2743eda13f24a3cfa1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39674
SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF H2O-LIBR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM OPERATED BY SOLAR ENERGY UNDER EGYPTIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
FATOUH
M.
Professor, Dpt. of Mech. Power Eng., Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
HASSAN
M.
Lecturer, Dpt. of Mech. Power Eng., Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Abdel Dayem
M.
Associate Professor, Dpt. of Mech. Power Eng., Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTAmong various types of clean energies, special attention has given to a solar energybecause it is freely available in hot regions where more than half the world's populationlives. Use of solar energy in vapor absorption refrigeration systems should be oneapplication which can achieve cooling/heating needs. In general, solar cooling systemscan be considered as combination of energy conversion and refrigeration subsystems.The energy conversion subsystem transforms solar energy to power the refrigerationsystem. In the present work, a solar cooling system for air conditioning applications issimulated and optimized under Egyptian meteorological conditions. According to therequired comfort dry bulb air temperature, available cooling water temperature andcooling coil capacity, optimal heat source mass flow rate and temperature to operate asingle-stage continuous absorption cycle was obtained. Then, economical optimizationof the solar system that can meet the required load was carried out for various types ofsolar collectors. Results revealed that the flat-plate solar collector is the most efficientcollector from the economical point of view. Annual visualization of the systemperformance was presented to investigate the system behavior under different weatherconditions for heating and cooling processes during the year to improve its life-cyclesavings. The environmental impact of using such system is considered. It is found thatthe reduction of CO2 emission is a significant advantage of using solar energy.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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368
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39677_cfdec890ea029122b40b66c66dfe7be7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39677
PROCESSING CONDITIONS AND HARDNESS DEVELOPMENT IN NITRIDED COMMERCIAL STEELS
MRIDHA
S.
Professor, Dept. of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, International Islamic
University Malaysia, P. O. Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe effects of pre-nitriding heat treatments and the influence of alloying e1ements onthe development of surface hardness have been investigated using Enl9 and En4lBsteels, gas-nitrided at different temperatures and nitriding potentials for 24 to 96 h. Thesurface hardness is lower at 5700C than those nitrided at 4700 and 5200C. Thehardness is reduced with increasing the tempering temperature and this effect ispronounced in En19 steel. The hardness profile is independent of temperingtemperatures on nitriding at 5200C. The profiles are shallower with increasingtempering temperature in Enl9 steel when nitrided at 5700C. The prior austenitizingtemperatures appeared to have no influence on hardness or hardness profile of thenitrided case. The build up of hardness up to a certain depth is established rapidly andremains constant with nitriding time. Below that depth the initial hardness is low and itincreases steadily with nitriding time. The combined hardness curves after differenttreatment times have the appearance of a hysteresis loop.The results show a constant proportionality of hardness increment to square root ofalloy content when nitrided in 80% NH3 at low temperatures. The hardness incrementper percentage of alloying element is sensitive to the choice of base hardness of iron.The low hardness development at 5700C is related to reduction in the volume fraction ofthe fine CrN precipitates due to a coarsening effect and also due to precipitation ofcoarse nitrides on lath boundaries. This arises since more chromium segregates as(FeCr)3C at high temperatures and in-situ nucleation of CrN occurs at the carbides(mainly at lath boundaries), giving non-hardening coarser CrN. This phenomenon wasfound to be less effective in aluminium containing steel (En41B). Since aluminium doesnot segregate to carbide as does chromium in En19 steel, fewer large nitride particleswill form and the volume fraction of fine precipitate will be comparatively high in En41Bsteel.
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129
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39678_09931e8a96d43a3109fe5eb4c7e285ac.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39678
EFFECT OF STRONTIUM MODIFICATION ON MACHINABILITY OF ALUMINIUM-SILICON EUTECTIC ALLOY
HAQUE
M.
Professor, Department of
Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International
Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, P.O. Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
author
KHAN
A.
Associate Professor, Department of
Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International
Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, P.O. Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
author
HAJJAJ
S
Graduate Student, Department of
Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International
Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, P.O. Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis work demonstrates and explains the effect of strontium modification onmachinability of aluminium-silicon eutectic (LM-6) type alloy. This alloy is known to havemany favourable features including great weight to strength ratio, high corrosionresistance and excellent castability. However, LM-6 alloy has poor machinability, whichreduces its applications range. In this study, various samples of LM-6 alloy were castusing sand and metallic chill mould with and without strontium addition. Machining oneach cast product, was carried out using recommended cutting parameters for Al-Sialloys. Strontium modified samples have recorded a reduction in average flank wear, anincrease in shear plane angles and a reduction in chip thickness. The main reason forthis improvement is the refining effect of strontium, which reduces the size of the hardsilicon particles. As a result, their abrasive action on the tool face has reduced a lot.Dramatic reductions in tool wear rate were also recorded only when the microstructureswere refined. On the other hand, when no refinement of microstructure occurs, toolwear rate becomes high. The tool wear depends not only on the phases present in thework material, but also on their sizes and distribution over the entire structure.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39680_98b71acbcb65d9632adb1064b91e9d61.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39680
EFFECT OF TITANIUM, MOLYBDENUM AND MANGANESE ON WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF HIGH CHROMIUM CAST IRON
BOUHAMLA
K.
Iron and Steel Applied Research Unit, Annaba, Algeria.
author
MAOUCH
H.
Graduate student, Foundry Laboratory, Badji-Mokhtar University, Annaba,
Algeria.
author
HADJI
A.
Professor, Foundry Laboratory, Badji-Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTHigh chromium cast irons are widely used in many engineering practices where wearresistance is required. This paper studies the effect of titanium concentration on thewear behaviour of slightly hypoeutectic high chromium white cast iron. Otherapproach was investigated by adding other carbide forming elements such asmanganese and molybdenum as a combination of two and three elements. The aimis mainly to see the influence of these elements on the toughness of the matrix, thesmoothness of the structure as well as the wear properties of this kind of cast iron.Results, discussed in terms of the wear behaviour, shows that lower volume loss isseen for the sample having higher titanium content (3% Ti). This explains thattitanium proeutectic carbide is the first phase precipitation during solidification whichcontributes to a reinforcement of the matrix. The formation of these carbidesconsumes parts of the carbon present in the alloy so that during eutectic solidificationthe volume of eutectic carbides diminished. The addition of manganese andmolybdenum gives less important results.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39681_d7039a7a048bd3e5d60cf4bfdc5c9775.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39681
ENHANCEMENT OF WEAR RESISTANCE OF DIE STEEL BY DEEP CRYOGENIC TREATMENT
DAS
D.
Senior Lecturer, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Bengal
Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, Howrah - 711103, India.
author
DUTTA
K.
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bengal Engineering and
Science University, Shibpur, Howrah - 711103, India.
author
RAY
K.
Professor, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian
Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721302, India.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA comparative study of the wear behavior of deep cryogenically treated vis-à-visconventionally treated AISI D2 steel has been made to critically examine the extent ofimprovement in wear resistance of tool steels by cryotreatment. A series of experimentshave been done to determine dry sliding wear resistance together with examinations ofthe worn surfaces and generated debris, characterization of the microstructures, andmeasurement of the hardness values of the differently heat treated steels. The obtainedresults unambiguously assist to infer that cryotreatment substantially improves wearresistance of D2 steel, but the extent of improvement is a strong function of the testload. These observations have been explained with appropriate identification of theoperative wear mechanisms at different test conditions. Microstructuralcharacterizations reveal that the improvement in hardness and wear resistance bycryotreatment is due to near complete removal of soft retained austenite withconcurrent increase in the amount of secondary carbides and tempered martensite.
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158
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39684_d72138d4f741ab11eddfa6845fea8bf9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39684
CHANGE IN MICROSTRUCTURE AND HARDNESS OF TI-6%AL-4%V ELI ALLOY ON TEMPERING PROCESS
SYARIF
J.
Depart. of Mech.& Mat. Eng., National Univ. of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
author
ZULHANIF
ZULHANIF
Graduate student, Dpt. of Mech.& Mat. Eng., National Univ. of Malaysia, Bangi,
Malaysia.
author
ABD. SALAM
A.
Graduate student, Dpt. of Mech.& Mat. Eng., National Univ. of Malaysia, Bangi,
Malaysia.
author
SAJURI
Z.
Depart. of Mech.& Mat. Eng., National Univ. of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA Ti-6Al-4V alloy is one of important titanium alloys used for aerospace, powergeneration, chemical and biomedical applications. The alloy is available in two grades;commercial grade (0.16mass% (%)-0.2% oxygen) and extra-low interstitial (ELI) grade(0.10%-0.13% oxygen). In this study, effect of tempering on microstructure andhardness of the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy was investigated. The alloy was heat-treated attemperature of 1323K for 3.6ks for solution treatment at a bcc (β) phase region. Thealloy is subsequently quenching into the water to promote a martensitic transformation,and then tempered at temperatures from 923K-1123K for various times from 0.6ks to7.2ks. Microstructure of quenched specimen is a martensitic structure, which exhibits aneedle-like structure. On the other hand, the microstructure of the tempered specimensare hcp+bcc (α+β) dual-phase. It is observed that the β phase increases as thetempering temperature increases or time prolongs. Hardness measurement shows thatthe hardness of the tempered specimen gradually increased as the time and thetemperature increase. It is thought that the increase in hardness of the temperedspecimen is due to precipitation hardening of the β phase.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39688_b43b42d031d7a0fcf17f315f747d7e35.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39688
THE EFFECTS OF CENTRIPETAL AND CORIOLIS FORCES ON THE DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF A CRACKED BEAM UNDER A MOVING MASS LOAD
REİS
M.
Graduate student, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey.
author
PALA
Y.
Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThis study is devoted to the investigation of the effects of centripetal and Coriolis forceson the forced vibration of a simply supported beam with a single crack under movingmass load. As in the case of beams without a crack, it is shown that these forces mustbe considered in the analysis. The combined effects of these forces are especiallyimportant for the cracked long beams. The response of the system is obtained in termsof Duhamel integral. The differential equation which involves a non-linearity on its righthand side is solved via an iterative procedure. The results are exemplified for variousvalues of the variables.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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63
82
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39690_89723c6318ee128866db86d6b379bbc6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39690
DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF AN ADHASIVE BONDED JOINT FOR COMPOSITE STRUCTURE
GHONEAM
M.
Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of
Engineering, Menoufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, EGYPT.
author
HAMADA
A.
Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of
Engineering, Menoufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, EGYPT.
author
EL-ELAMY
I.
Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of
Engineering, Menoufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, EGYPT.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe dynamic response of boned joint for composite beam under pulse load was studiedtheoretically and experimentally. In the theoretical part, the validity of the theoreticalmodel for evaluating natural frequencies, mode shape and dynamic response of bonedjoint composite beams at various types of bond line configuration has been examinedby utilizing of the finite element technique. The finite element results indicated that thedeformation mechanism of the boned joint composite beam depends on mechanicalproperties of the adhesive material. The mathematical finite element model isrepresented by introducing unified mechanical parameters to compute efficiently theEigen-nature for composite bonded structures.In the experimental part, the response of fiberglass-reinforced polyester compositespecimens with various types of bond line configuration and five lamina orientationswere measured by hammer test technique "frequency response function" (FRF).The comparison between experimental and numerical model shows the efficiency of theproposed mathematical model of the composite structural beam with bonded joints. Theresults show that the changes of the dynamic response provide a proper indicator forpredicting the current state of adhesive bonded joint.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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83
94
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39692_816497322b80d62fdc6abcb0d0b83e9e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39692
THE USE OF BASELINE MEASUREMENTS FOR IMPROVED DAMAGE DETECTION USING DAMAGE LOCATION VECTORS
MOSTAFA
F.
Graduate student, Auburn Science and Engineering Center, The University of
Akron, Akron, OH, USA.
author
ARAFA
H.
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, American University in
Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTVibration-based techniques are increasingly being recognized as effective nondestructivestructural damage identification tools. One promising technique relies oncombining a finite element model (FEM) of the structure under investigation with a setof experimental frequency response functions (FRFs) to construct a so-called damagelocation vector (DLV). Emphasis in this paper is placed on investigating, boththeoretically and experimentally, damage detection using DLVs while attempting toachieve an enhanced sensitivity through comparisons with baseline measurements ofan initially damaged structure. To this end, the method is first studied theoretically on aspace truss using simulated damage to illustrate its capability. The method is thenimproved to handle randomly assigned initial damage that is not predicted by the FEMthrough subtraction and normalization of the DLV with respect to baseline data. Theimproved method is finally tested experimentally on cantilever beams provided withdamage of various sizes. The proposed technique is effective in identifying damage thatwould otherwise be concealed within an initially damaged structure, and provides usefulinsight into the location and severity of damage.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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95
104
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39694_56121fc7b2899ae9dd5ca48cd7522044.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39694
INPUT SHAPING TECHNIQUES FOR LIQUID SLOSH SUPPRESSION
ABOEL-HASSAN
A.
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, American University in
Cairo, Egypt.
author
ARAFA
M.
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, American University in
Cairo, Egypt.
author
NASSEF
A.
Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, American University in
Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe need for fast maneuvering and accurate positioning of flexible structuresposes a control challenge. The inherent flexibility in these lightly damped systemscreates large undesirable residual vibrations in response to rapid disturbances. Severalcontrol approaches have been proposed to tackle this class of problems, of which theinput shaping technique is appealing in many aspects.While input shaping has been widely investigated to attenuate residual vibrations inflexible structures, less attention was granted to expand its viability in furtherapplications. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology for applying inputshaping techniques to suppress sloshing effects in open moving containers to facilitatesafe and fast point-to-point movements. The liquid behavior is modeled using finiteelement analysis. The input shaper parameters are optimized to find the commandsthat would result in minimum residual vibration. Other objectives, such as improvedrobustness, and motion constraints such as deflection limiting are also addressed in theoptimization scheme. Numerical results are verified on an experimental setupconsisting of a small motor-driven water tank undergoing rectilinear motion, whilemeasuring both the tank motion and free surface displacement of the water. Theresults obtained suggest that input shaping is an effective method for suppressingresidual liquid vibrations.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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105
117
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39701_faf0011d1dc84e7065fdd64c25a5acce.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39701
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF FATIGUE LIFE ON OPTIMUM AUTOFRETTAGED PRESSURIZED THICK-WALLED CYLINDERS.
BIN AYOB
A.
Associate professor. Faculty of Mech. Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
author
ELBASHEER
K.
Postgraduate student, Faculty of Mech. Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe numerical study presents a procedure to determine the optimum autofrettagepressure for a given operating pressure, so as to achieve the longest fatigue service lifeof thick-walled cylinders. The study investigates the fatigue life of pressurized cylindersunder the effect of applied cyclic internal operating pressure. The cylinders hadpreviously undergone a process of optimum autofrettage to induce a minimum totalequivalent stress under the operating pressure. A nonlinear material property with akinematic hardening was used. Experiments were carried out to validate the numericalresults of residual stress where strain gages provided the strain values used to find thehoop stresses present on the outer surface. There was good agreement between theFE simulation and the strain measurement in obtaining residual stresses. Theperformance of the cylinders was evaluated in terms of fatigue damage accumulationfor various levels of autofrettage. The results clearly indicate the importance ofautofrettage in increasing the fatigue life. In increasing the autofrettage level, the fatiguelife increases first, reaches a maximum optimum level and then decreases. Inconclusion, optimum autofrettage level leads to an optimum fatigue life.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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1
17
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39704_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39704
THE EFFECT OF AIR LATCH ON THE AIRFLOW IN 3.5-INCH HARD DISK DRIVE
BOONYARITCHAIKIT
P.
Researcher, Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) in HDD
Component, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.+
author
TAECHAJEDCADARUNGSRI
S.
Researcher, Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) in HDD
Component, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.+
author
HORMDEE
D.
Researcher, Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) in HDD
Component, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.+
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTNowadays, the performance of computers has improved very fast. The designdevelopment of data storage devices such as Hard Disk Drive (HDD) has alsoimproved in order to gain more capacity with less access time. Therefore, the higherspindle motor speed is needed. This requirement will then directly affect to the airflowinside the HDD, which is one of the major factors causing the vibration on the recordinghead whilst flying on the data track. The objective of this paper is to study on the airflowin 3.5-inch with 7200-rpm motor speed, single head HDD, one of the most commonHDD models in the current market. Three-dimensional RNG K-epsilon Model will beused in this study by comparing the airflow of two different models: the former is themodel with air latch and the latter is the model without air latch. The Head GimbalAssembly (HGA) position at Outside Disk (OD) position and Inside Disk (ID) positionare also studied. The simulation results with RNG K-epsilon Model showed that byrepositioning the HGA, the airflow inside the HDD is also changed. The airflow insidethe HDD across the arm and the HGA is significant faster when the HGA is positionedat OD. Therefore, the arm and the HGA at OD position will face the vibration problemhigher than at the ID position. The air latch is found to reduce air velocity about 35%.The conclusions of this paper would be useful for further study on flow induce vibrationon the HGA.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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369
381
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39710_75400c2295fb9dfcbdc76d044ede8eea.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39710
EFFECTS OF A DIRECTED CO-FLOW ON A TURBULENT METHANE JET
IMINE
B.
Faculté de Mécanique, Laboratoire de Mécanique Appliquée - U.S.T.O. B.P 1505 USTO –
Oran El Mnaouer – Algeria- Fax 00 213 41 34 21 99.
author
SENOUCI
M.
Faculté de Mécanique, Laboratoire de Mécanique Appliquée - U.S.T.O. B.P 1505 USTO –
Oran El Mnaouer – Algeria- Fax 00 213 41 34 21 99.
author
BOULENOUAR
M.
Faculté de Mécanique, Laboratoire de Mécanique Appliquée - U.S.T.O. B.P 1505 USTO –
Oran El Mnaouer – Algeria- Fax 00 213 41 34 21 99.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn the present study, the effects of a directed co-flow on the process of Methane jethave been investigated numerically. The directed co-flow preserves its axial symmetryat the inlet and its direction varies between α=+20° and α= -20°. In addition, the k –εmodel is used to investigate effects of the variable density in axisymmetric turbulent jet.The results obtained indicate that the directed co-flow with positive angles enhancesconsiderably the mixing.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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382
391
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39712_7af03073c6abfa5c5fbab36a8f2cba64.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39712
ON-LINE MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS OF HIGH TURBULENT AND REVERSE FLOW FIELDS
Al-KAYIEM
H.
Associate Professor, Mech. Eng. Dept., Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri
Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTAs with most recent turbulence experimental researches, data are collected, stored andanalyzed by digital computers. In this investigation, a wind tunnel measurement andanalysis of flow field with high turbulence and recirculation is carried out. A sophisticatedelectronic/computer system is designed and implemented to permit data acquisition andon-line analysis either for in-situ calibration of the X-hot-wires or for measurement of highturbulence quantities and re-circulating flows. The technique is called Flying Hot-Wireprobe system which is entirely controlled and operated by computer interfacing. Thepresent paper involves description the interfacing of the measuring instruments with aPDP11-23 minicomputer. Also, it presents the digitizing technique to capture highturbulence and reverse flow. The hardware and the software which permit precisepositioning of the measurement points in the flow field and the transfer of the flow fieldsignals are presented. The procedure allows evaluation of the velocity components andthe Reynolds stresses in axial and traverse directions. Validation test in still air and inuniform flow are conducted. The results are compared with those obtained from stationaryhot-wires system. The in-situ calibration of the wires is successfully carried out withresulted normalized standard deviation of 0.7. The measurements error in the mean flowvelocity is within 0.01% to 0.2%. The longitudinal turbulence intensity measured by thepresent technique is 1% compared with 0.8% measured by stationary hot wire. The resultsobtained are demonstrating that this is a successful technique for high turbulence intensitymeasurement
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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392
403
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39714_90a2944393cb7e1448cd130d11f487f5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39714
APPLICATION OF PRESSURE SENSTIVE FOIL TECHNIQUE TO VISULAIZE SUBSONIC JET FLOW OVER A PLATE
IBRAHIM
K.
Lecturer, Aerospace Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Cairo, Giza,
12613 Egypt.+
author
MORI
K.
Lecturer, Aerospace Engineering Department, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University,
Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
author
NAKAMURA
Y.
Professor, Aerospace Engineering Department, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya
University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present study proposes new technique to implement pressure sensitive coating onporous anodized aluminum. The new technique is called pressure sensitive foil (PSFoil).It is based on the conventional anodized aluminum pressure sensitive paint (AAPSP)technique. In this technique, a very thin aluminum foil is coated with pressuresensitive paint using anodization method. The resulting pressure sensitive foil (PS-Foil)can be stick over any flat surface using a very thin silicon layer. The PS-Foil techniqueshows very fast time response as conventional porous anodized aluminum and highspatial resolution compared with conventional PSP binder based techniques. It can alsobe applied to any existing model surface without the need to fabricate the model fromaluminum. The total thickness of the aluminum foil and silicon layer is as small as 250micro-meters. The paint employed in the present research is Bathophen RutheniumChloride (Ru(ph2-phen) or Ru(dpp) ). Commercially available inexpensive, high quality,14-bit, CCD camera is used to capture the PSP images. Intensity based method and"in-situ" calibration procedure are used to obtain the calibrated PSP images. Theproposed technique was applied to measure the pressure distribution over a flat platedue to subsonic jet impingement at different impingement angles. The resulting PSPimages showed high spatial resolution of the pressure distribution and pressuredifference as low as 0.5 kPa can be measured.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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404
415
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39717_c7887b232b313ed49797d1384839e6ca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39717
MATERIAL PROPERTY MEASUREMENTS USING NDT METHODS
BALASUBRAMANIAM
K.
Center for Nondestructive Evaluation and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Madras, Chennai INDIA 600036.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this paper, a summary of some of the NDT methods that can be used for theevaluation of material properties such as stiffness, strength, residual stress, plasticdeformation, creep damage, fatigue damage, etc. will be addressed. NDT methodsincludes ultrasonics, electromagnetics, and thermal. In some applications, the NDTmethods provides a direct measurement of the required property, while in others, thecorrelation is indirect.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
166
177
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39718_ffd95c3e852dbd57232adf0b4b1db47a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39718
PRE-MOULD PROCESSING FOR SYNTACTIC FOAMS: MODELLING, THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
ISLAM
M.
Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, and Built
Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
author
KIM
S.
Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, and Built
Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTPre-mould processing for syntactic foams made of starch and ceramic hollowmicrospheres was studied. A statistical model to relate various parameters such asvolume expansion rate (VER) of initial bulk volume of microspheres (IBVMS),microsphere size, microsphere volume fractions, minimum inter-microsphere distance(MID), and mixing ratio of microspheres was developed for theoretical relations. Thestatistical model consists of cubic cells which can optionally be simple cubic (SC) orface centred cubic (FCC) or body centred cubic (BCC) cells. The theoretical relationswere verified with experimental/ numerical data for various mixtures of microspheresand found to be capable of predicting effects of microsphere size and mixture ratio ofmicrosphere size groups on VER under various conditions arising from starch contentin binder and IBVMS.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
178
191
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39719_a40dfa07c3c62a982bfdff9d91b3293a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39719
DETECTION OF HIDDEN CORROSION USING ULTRASONIC NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
HRAIRI
M.
Assistant professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, IIUM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
KHAMIS
H.
Graduate student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, IIUM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTHidden corrosion detection is a serious problem in many industries and in theaerospace industry in particular. Initiating on the inside or in the interface of an aircraft’sskin, the corrosion must be tested from the outside surface. Ultrasonic bulk waves areoften used in thickness detection of plate structures by measuring the time-of-flight. Anexperimental study of hidden corrosion detection by using ultrasonic non-destructiveevaluation (NDE) in the laboratory is presented. Corroded metal as well as corrosionsimulation samples were used as specimen for investigation. Normal beam probe wasused for testing and qualitative results based on the A-scan oscilloscope displayoutputs were obtained.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
192
199
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39722_f58bc549fbc5f70a68154faf784539e2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39722
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF POWDER METALLURGY PERFORMANCE FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS
HRAIRI
M.
Assistant professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, IIUM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
HUSSIN
A.
Graduate student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, IIUM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
RAVI
F
Graduate student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, IIUM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTPowder metallurgy (P/M) processes using sintering are able to form net-shapedproducts and have been used widely in the production of automobile parts to improveproductivity. In this work, an experimental and numerical study on the substitution byP/M in automotive parts was carried out. Aluminium alloy A356 powder was used in theexperimental part while stainless steel 316L powder was the material of choice in thenumerical study. The A356 powder was shaped by a uniaxial press then sintered at 520ºC. The density, compressive strength, and hardness of the produced part wereevaluated and compared to the values for the same material produced by thepermanent mould cast process. In the simulation component of this study, ANSYS™Finite Element software was used to model an axisymmetric flanged part via the LSDYNA™ module using the geological Cap material model. The effect of densitydistribution in the part was analyzed through the plastic strain that was generated. Theresult was compared to the experimental density map.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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200
208
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39724_36bf38aa62a9e78b42c319046420f5a0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39724
MODELING CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE FOR METALS USING A THREE DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION CODE: PART I
ELSHARKAWY
G.
Ass. Prof., Dpt. of Basic Science Studies, AASTMT, Alexandria, Egypt.
author
SHEHADEH
F.
Ass. Prof, Dpt. of Mechanical and Marine Engineering, AASTMT, Alexandria, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe field of crystalline structure research is considered as an important field in materialtechnology for making a good decision on mechanical engineering design. This paperpresents a code for simulating a crystal structure of crystalline materials. This codeenables to avoid implications due to difficulty of analytical methods. The 3D of acrystalline structure for a body-centered cube (BCC) Fe-metal lattice is simulated. Thephysical inputs into the model are number of atoms, atomic volume, and vacancyformationenergy. This code simulates the deviation of atoms orientation as well as theestimation of relative embedded energy at different temperature values. The new atompoistions have been traced, also, the transition phase of Fe crystalline structure ispointed out.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
209
217
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39727_8f7b0577000f6ee3d681ac653d7d612f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39727
COMPUTER SIMULATION TECHNIQUE TO REDUCE RESULTED RESIDUAL STRESSES AND DISTORTION IN HIGH STRENGTH THIN BUTT WELDED SHIP PANELS
EL-AFANDY
M.
Postgraduate Research Student, Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
author
EL-GAMMAL
M.
Emeritus Professor of Material Technology and Welding Engineering, Naval
Architecture and Marine Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University
of Alexandria, Egypt.
author
RASHWAN
M.
Professor of Shipyard Technology, Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTWelding of thin-plate ship structures often results in warping of finished fabricatedpanels. Some manufacturers use preheating and/or pre-stressing the plates duringassembly or post heating after assembly as a mitigation method to reduce final productdistortion with variably satisfactory results. The current paper aims to study the effect oftensile force application (on the plates undergoing welding) on the residual stressesand distortion behaviours of butt welded thin ship panels using the finite elementmethod. The effects on the butt welded thin panel applying several components ofdifferent magnitudes of tensile forces before and during welding are shown. Thoseexternal forces are released after the welded joint has reached the room temperature.The stretching force leads to a reduction in the longitudinal residual stresses,consequently reduced the buckling deformation. All those diagnostics will demolish thewelded plate distortion making it close to zero.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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v.
13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
97
110
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39730_619c328c5db4d17bd33bbd64a52fdafb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39730
MATERIAL FLOW IN FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING
KOŠŤÁL
P.
Assoc. Prof., Institute of Production Systems and Applied Mechanics, Slovak
University of Technology, Rázusova 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovak Republic.
author
MUDRIKOVÁ
A.
Senior lecturer, Institute of Production System and Applied Mechanics, Slovak
University of Technology, Rázusova 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovak Republic.
author
VELÍŠEK
K.
Full professor, Institute of Production Systems and Applied Mechanics, Slovak
University of Technology, Rázusova 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovak Republic.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe flexible manufacturing system contains some CNC machine tools supported byindustrial robot for material handling. This system is designed to manufacturing a groupof similar workpieces. The system is characterized by its internal material andinformation flow. The manufacturing process represents a complex dynamical processincluded technological, manipulation and control operations.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
111
120
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39731_f90e96f7fc8c89d8360207a6ff6883bc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39731
FEATURE RECOGNITION TECHNIQUE FOR TURNING OPERATION
EL-HAKIM
A.
Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
AFIFI
A.
Assist. Prof., Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Modern Academy , Cairo, Egypt.
author
EL-MESALLAMY
S.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe paper presents a new feature recognition technique which is considered the firstmodule of an implemented computer aided process planning system [CAPP] for turningparts. The developed feature recognition technique involves the reconstruction of thepart design features (lines, arcs), which are extracted from the CAD file in the form ofmanufacturing features (16 external features, and 10 internal features). It includes alsoretrieval of important data related to the created features (dimensions, tolerances androughness) to be an efficient tool in process planning. Output data are displayed to theuser as design features, and manufacturing features with all required data technique formanufacturing. A case study is given to demonstrate, and verify the proposedalgorithm.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
121
134
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39733_d325d7132bbc28a055b3a23e629ab375.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39733
MACHINING PROCESS PLANNING THROUGH LATENT VARIABLE MODEL INVERSION
HUSSEIN
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
MAC-GREGOR
F.
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
author
MANSOUR
M.
Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
ELBESTAWI
A.
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTManufacturers are always exerting significant effort to improve the quality of machinedparts by suitable choice of process parameters. Furthermore, there is a trend withinindustry to improve process performance and product quality through analyzingavailable historical data especially in chemical industry. This trend is driven by the needto reduce product development time and cost. The use of latent variable modeling usinghistorical data has been proposed in the past for product design and qualityimprovement (C.M. Jaeckle and J.F. MacGregor) [23]. This paper outlines theapplication of such approach using Projection to Latent Structure (PLS) and its modelinversion to facilitate the choice of cutting parameters for a desired surface roughnesswhile maximizing the Metal Removal Rate (MRR). The approach is mainly based onusing historical data readily available on most of factory platform and simulated throughexperiments conducted on three different milling machines under normal conditions(sharp tool and stable cut). The model inversion approach is formulated in anoptimization problem using the latent space linear model with nonlinear constraint. Theapproach output solutions were validated with the results showing that the proposedtechnique can be used for process planning and quality improvement of machiningdata.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39734_95c63144a3839ca33a98ada68286cdcc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39734
MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EGYPTIAN RAILWAYS TRACKING AND CONTROL SYSTEM
IMAM
A.
Al Azhar University, Faculty of Science for Girls.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTEgypt Government decided to implement a new advanced Railways Tracking and ControlSystem (RTCS). The main aim is to protect the citizen’s (passengers) life, future, and businessthrough achieving quick trains-conflict detection, and resolution, short response times in theevent of disasters and other operational disturbances, and elimination of most or all “humanfactors” trains accidents. TRCS can also overcome the problem of railways traffic congestionwhich has increasingly become a major economic barrier to the flow of goods across thecountry. A team has been dedicated for the Egyptian RTCS project where the systeminvestigation, data gathering, feasibility study, data analysis, system design phases have beenaccomplished and the project is now in the real implementation phase. The new advancedRTCS combines real-time rescheduling with an advanced train control tool. The system isdesigned to increase railway network capacity and stability in heavily used mixed trafficnetworks while minimizing the cost of building new railway infrastructure. The system combinesreal-time rescheduling, train control, and a new strategy for train operations into a coordinatedMain Control Center (MCC) for traffic management. This approach is based on saturated use ofnetwork capacity bottlenecks, which is implemented by ensuring that MCC and every trainalways have up-to-date, conflict free schedule containing time, and speed and routeinformation. The implementation of the Egyptian RTCS shall provide the input data about therailway subsystem (i.e. stations, locomotives, trains, trips…etc) that help in modeling the RTCS.The objectives of the modeling are to assign the fleet of locomotives to a network of trains whilesatisfying a variety of trips constraints and minimizing the total economic cost.The research on the modeling of railways transportation include scheduling theory, graph theory,mathematical programming, operational theory, and some have addressed the problem of trafficcontrolling from multiple levels’ points of view. In this paper, RTCS planning is formulated asMixed Integer Programming (MIP) problem. The modeling network is a weekly space-timenetwork where arcs denote trains, nodes denote events (arrivals and departures of trains atterminals), and different locomotive types define different commodities.The objectives of this paper are to present the building of Egyptian RTCS project effort and toemphasis on the benefits of implementing this project as well as to present the use of integerMIP techniques for modeling such an RTCS.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39736_f77ec31131a6db7ee58102154f4c07f6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39736
ACOUSTIC AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC AND BUILDING MATERIALS
FOJTU
D.
Graduate student, Inst. of Physics and Material Engineering. Faculty of
Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic.
author
LAPCIK
Jr.
Professor, Inst. of Physics and Material Engineering. Faculty of Technology, Tomas
Bata University in Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTDiscordant sound annoys, awakens, angers, distracts, frustrates and creates stressesthat result in physiological and psychological problems. It is invisible, yet its effects areclearly evident, and it pervades every facet of life.Synthetic polymers and building materials play an important role in construction ofbuildings mainly as a surface furnishing components.That is why in this paper we present results of our experiments focused oncharacterization of the basic acoustic material performance parameters, e.g. frequencydependence of the sound absorption coefficient of the articles prepared from expandedpoly(styrene), poly(propylene), poly(vinyl chloride), mineral wool and plasterboard.Paper was focused on determination of the acoustic properties (in the frequency range16 – 6400 Hz) of selected synthetic polymer materials such as expanded poly(styrene),poly(propylene), poly(vinyl chloride), mineral wool and plasterboard. Values of soundabsorption coefficient for frequency range were measured.Second part of article forms measurements of thermal properties with non-stationaryconditions, e.g. thermal conductivity evaluated from dependence of temperature andtime by mathematical model with using Gauss-Newton method.Obtained results allow optimization of the wall structure construction for household andbuilding industry applications. It’s possible to prepare and produce new materials,optionally combinations of existing materials, to improvement damping and vibratingproperties.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39738_09658316ff27781837fa705ec52577b9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39738
MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF TRAIN NOISE DETECTED ON A BUILDING FAÇADE.
QUARTIERI
J.
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
GUIDA
M.
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
LENZA
L.
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
GUARNACCIA
C.
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
D’AGOSTINO
P.
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
D’ARCHI
V.
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
MAINO
D.
SAPU s.r.l. group.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTNoise produced by the transit of a train is affected by many variables: wheel-railcontact, engine, aerodynamic noise, random events, etc.. Some of these components,such as wheel-rail contact and aerodynamic noise are strongly dependent on highvelocity, while other components, such as noise due to engines and auxiliary devices,are relevant in a low velocity regime, especially in proximity of a railway station, in theapproaching and leaving phases.In this paper we describe both an experimental activity regarding the measurements ofnoise produced by low velocity trains and detected on a building façade, close to arailway station at night time, and a semi-quantitative theoretical model which gives theprincipal shapes of freight trains in various dynamical situations.At this stage of the study, we focus on different types of trains and of runningconditions, evaluating their influence on the time history by means of comparisonsbetween software predictions and experimental measurements. The experimentalmethod chosen rely upon the simultaneous detection of the acoustic signals detectedby two receivers placed some 30 meters apart and linked to the channels of a class 1Measuring System.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39741_5467a20a75ff5b75d41782d632f92dd2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39741
INFLUENCE OF THE VISCOTHERMAL EFFECTS ON THE VIBROACOUSTIC BEHAVIOR OF A DOUBLE PLATES SYSTEM
AKROUT
A.
Graduate student, Mechanics Modelling and Production Research Unit. National School of Engineers
of Sfax, Tunisia.
author
KARRA
C.
Associate professor, Mechanics Modelling and Production Research Unit. National School of
Engineers of Sfax, Tunisia.
author
HAMMAMI
L.
Associate professor, Mechanics Modelling and Production Research Unit. National School of
Engineers of Sfax, Tunisia.
author
HADDAR
M.
Professor, Mechanics Modelling and Production Research Unit. National School of Engineers of
Sfax, Tunisia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this work, a numerical modeling to study the vibro-acoustic behavior of a double platesystem (such as double glazing system) taking into account of viscosity and the thermalconductivity of the fluid between the two plates in the acoustic equations, is presented.The dynamic equations of the coupled system are established. To solve theseequations, a variational formulation for the fluid and the two plates is developed. Thediscretization by the finite element method of this variational formulation gives afterminimization a symmetrical coupled matrix system with nonlinear aspect. An iterativeprocedure is derived to determine the eigenmodes of the coupled system. The modalapproach is adopted to determine the vibro-acoustic system’s response whichnumerical results show the importance of the viscothermal effects in the case of thinfluid layers.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39745_32cd54270ea9939878dc42039a8ffd4a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39745
MEASUREMENTS OF HIGH SPEED TRAIN NOISE DETECTED AT A RELEVANT DISTANCE AND A SIMPLE NUMERICAL MODEL.
QUARTIERI
J.
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
GUARNACCIA
C
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
LENZA
L
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
D’AGOSTINO
P.
Engineering Faculty, University of Salerno.
author
MAINO
D.
SAPU s.r.l. group.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this paper an experimental activity regarding the detection of noise produced by ahigh velocity train along a “almost” straight railway, and a semi-quantitative theoreticalmodel which gives the shape of trains noise in that running conditions, are described.During this investigation the comparison between software predictions andexperimental measurements was focused. At the present stage of our study we arestarting with the theoretical reproduction of the time history of the phenomenon. In aprevious paper we reported about the same goal referred to low velocity trains with verydifferent operating conditions. So in this work we try to underline differences andsimilarities.The experimental measurements procedure is based on the detection of the soundlevel outside a building placed in an interesting position with respect to the rail line. It issome three hundred meters far and in a position from which one can observe morethan three kilometres of railway. Measurements were performed by a first classMeasuring System.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39749_0ed036263aa706f44fbb234c6c34ce5a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39749
ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES OF SOUND ABSORPTION PANELS USING MULTI-LAYER COIR FIBERS
ZULKIFLI
R.
Senior Lecturer, Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
NOR
M.
Professor, Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
MAT TAHIR
F.
Tutor, Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
ISMAIL
R.
Lecturer, Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe aim of the project was to study the potential use of an innovative acousticabsorption panel using natural organic fiber as an absorbing materials to reducereverberation effect in closed spaces and to improve the acoustics performance of anenclosed space. This innovative acoustic absorption panel is developed and fabricatedusing treated coir fiber as sound absorber materials. The outer layer of the panel isfabricated from natural fiber/polyester composite. This innovative panel was tested atacoustic lab, faculty of engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia using ISO 354(1985) standard for noise absorption coefficient and ISO 717-1 Standard for thetransmission lost index. Simulation study was also conducted for the absorption panelusing the WinFLAGTM software. For the absorption coefficient, the experiment givesaround 0.70-0.80 from the range 1000 Hz until 1800 Hz while the simulation gives 0.7until 0.85 for the range 500 Hz until 2500 Hz. Transmission lost index gives an averageof 20 dB for the panel.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39751_70f09772865a61033b36dba21c399c12.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39751
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF AN IN-LINE TUBE BUNDLE USING THE URANS APPROACH
AMMOUR
D.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Marine Engineering University of
Science and Technology U.S.T.ORAN-MB, B.P.1505 Oran El Mnaouar 31000,
Oran, ALGERIA.
author
ADJLOUT
L.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Marine Engineering University of
Science and Technology U.S.T.ORAN-MB, B.P.1505 Oran El Mnaouar 31000,
Oran, ALGERIA.
author
ADDAD
Y.
School of MACE, Manchester University, M60 1QD, Manchester, UK.
author
REVELL
A.
School of MACE, Manchester University, M60 1QD, Manchester, UK.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn the present work, a turbulent flow across a square in-line tube bundle is computedusing the Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) approach. The pitchratio used in the tube bundle configuration is P/D=T/D=1.44 and the Reynolds numberis 70000 based on tube diameter. Both 2D and 3D computational domains areconsidered. Turbulence models tested include the standard k–ε model of Jones et al.[12], the k-ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) model of Menter [10] and the ReynoldsStress Model of Speziale et al. [11] (SSG). In addition, the recently developed, SST- as Cmodel by Revell [1] is also tested. The unstructured industrial code Code-Saturne hasbeen used for the present study. In general, the flow predictions using the 2D grid fail tocapture correctly the general flow physics; while on the other hand, the 3D calculationsgive predictions of pressure fields and velocity profiles that are in broad agreement withboth LES results [2] and the more recent experimental data [4]. With regards toturbulence models, a comparison of the pressure coefficient and velocity profilesrevealed that the SST- as C and RSM models, both seem to give reasonable predictionsof the flow, capturing the asymmetric behaviour of the flow as the reference data. Asexpected, the standard κ – ε model fails to capture this behaviour and predicts a rathersymmetric flow field. The pressure spectra from the SST- as C calculation indicates asingle clear peak at around the frequency 45Hz (St=0.84), similar to that observed inLES predictions. This suggests that both large and small re-circulations coexist on thewake of centre tubes resulting in the shear stress to be higher in the bottom than on thetop of the tubes.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39755_ed33d17dd5fdd2b7bb85be304a754adb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39755
LEAK DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION OF THE PIPELINE SYSTEMS
FOUAD
M.
Lecturer, Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University.
author
Al-AWADI
H.
Lecturer, Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University.
author
MOUSTAFA
F.
Professor Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University.
author
NAWARA
M.
Professor and chief Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTLeaks of pipeline contribute to the environmental pollution, promote corrosion andequipment failures and produce instabilities in the pipeline operation and control. Thepaper purpose is to develop a mathematical model that accounts for the behavior ofpressure and flow-rate profiles in a pipeline systems and also involves simulation ofpipeline conditions using advanced models which describe the fluid behavior in pipelinesystems. The resulting advanced nonlinear mathematical model provides preciseinformation on the actual flow and pressure in the whole pipeline system and describesthe behavior of the underlying system. The proposed leak detection and localizationmethod evaluates the mismatch between actual variables and those of healthy pipelineto detect leak. The proposed method appears attractive due to its simplicity. Thetraditional leak detection and localization methods are very expensive as they requirethe measurement of total pipeline flow and other variables at many points and are likelyto produce unsatisfactory results due to ignoring the transient changes in the productvariables.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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431
448
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39757_3e7ea776add3575af93c623db95a2abe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39757
COMPRESSOR PERFORMANCE ADAPTATION FOR GAS PATH ANALYSIS AND DIAGNOSTICS
SALAMAT
R.
PhD Researcher, Dept of Power and Propulsion, School of Engineering, Cranfield University,
UK, employed at Qatar Petroleum.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe importance of reliable engine diagnosis cannot be over emphasized as largerevenues are lost due to unplanned shut downs or unnecessary scheduledmaintenances. An accurate simulation model must be set up in order to minimize theerrors in performance predictions and diagnostics analysis.The objective of the proceeding works is to have a compressor performance simulationmodel matching the actual site data by a novel method and a model that can be reliablyused for performance predictions and diagnostics. In the adaptation process, ScalingFactors (SF) are introduced and then applied to modify the compressor maps. Linearadaptation is applied to single test point while non-linear adaptation is applied tomultiple test points. Three site real base cases are available and have been analyzedand evaluated, at 99.6%, 93.0% and 90% RPM.Predictions of compressor performance are compared with the manufacturer’s fleetmaps. The prediction accuracy has been improved significantly after the adaptation.Moreover, the proposed adaptation approach could be applied for most situations.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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449
463
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39760_73e640dac28d80b4bfc018b80961398e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39760
SIMULATION OF A REVERSE OSMOSIS SEAWATER DESALINATION PLANT, PART 1: THEORETICAL MODELING OF A REAL PLANT AND ITS VALIDATION
SEOUDY
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
LOTFY
H.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
SALEH
I.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present work presents a theoretical modeling of a real reverse osmosis (RO) plantfrom the hydrodynamic point of view. Mathematical models for all elements of the planthave been developed including; booster pump; hydraulic filters; axial piston pump (highpressure pump); RO membranes; hydraulic accumulator; reject header, and throttlingvalve. These models have been simulated using SIMULINK 4 in MATLAB 6.1environment. The pressure fluctuations of the axial piston pump have been determinedtheoretically with and without using hydraulic accumulator in the plant system atdifferent flowrates and at different seawater salinities. Theoretical investigations havebeen performed to predict the dynamic characteristics of the plant axial piston pumpand the RO membrane performance under normal and abnormal operating conditions.Experimental investigations have been introduced in part 2 of this paper to verify thetheoretical model. The verified simulation model has been used to present a proposedoperational chart for the investigated desalination plant in case of working underdifferent seawater salinities and at different temperatures.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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464
482
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39764_3a4130fc1735b37707d767840035ce57.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39764
SIMULATION OF A REVERSE OSMOSIS SEAWATER DESALINATION PLANT, PART 2: EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS AND PREDICTION STUDY ON THE VALIDATED SIMULATION MODEL
SEOUDY
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
LOTFY
H.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
SALEH
I.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe present work introduces experimental investigations of a real reverse osmosis(RO) plant. Flowrate and pressure measurements have been performed. The pumppressure fluctuations at different flowrates and the permeate pressure of RO membraneat different seawater salinities have been measured experimentally. The results of thepresent experimental measurements and some of the previously publishedexperimental results of RO membrane have been compared with the correspondingtheoretical results of the plant theoretical model in order to validate the simulationprogram (presented in part 1 of this paper). In the present work the validatedsimulation model has been used to carry out prediction study to investigate the dynamiccharacteristics of the plant axial piston pump and the RO membrane performanceunder normal and abnormal operating conditions. The RO plant simulation model hasbeen used to present a proposed operational chart for the investigated desalinationplant in case of working under different feed water salinity and temperature.
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v.
13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
483
505
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39791_9249daeeec417acabc3429cc507c6acc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39791
BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF CARBON NANOTUBES USING A BEAM ELEMENT BASED ON MOLECULAR MECHANICS
HU
N.
Associate professor, Dpt. of Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
author
NONUYA
K.
Graduate student, Dpt. of Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
author
FUKUNAGA
H.
Professor, Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTBased on both molecular mechanics and computational structural mechanics, a threedimensional(3D) equivalent beam element is developed to model a C-C covalent bondon carbon nanotubes (CNTs) whereas the van der Waals forces between atoms in thedifferent walls of multi-walled CNTs are described using a rod element. The bucklingcharacteristics of CNTs are conveniently analyzed by using the traditional finite elementmethod (FEM) of a 3D beam and rod model, termed as molecular structural mechanicsapproach (MSMA). Moreover, to model the CNTs with large length or large diameter,the validity of Euler’s beam buckling theory and a shell model with proper propertiesdefined from the results of MSMA is investigated. The predicted results by this simplecontinuum mechanics approach agree well with the reported experimental data.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39792_59f186b4aa397880ad8b0fcee1fe9b96.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39792
WRINKLING PREDICTION FOR MIXED-HARDENING METALS IN DEEP-DRAWING PROCESS
WIRATKASEM
K.
Graduate student, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of
Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
author
HARNCHOOWONG
S.
Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of
Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTWrinkling in deep-drawing process was analyzed as the form of short-wavelengthshallow buckling modes based on the Donnell-Mushtari-Vlasov shell theory. The localanalysis considered the current deformed state of a sheet element in a doubly-curved,biaxial plane stress state. The yield criterion for mixed-hardening metal used J2 yieldcriterion for isotropic metal and Hosford’s yield criterion for anisotropic metal. The effectof back stresses on wrinkling limit curves was investigated numerically.
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214
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39794_802474478f7d70c1f63c91ac79457857.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39794
ANALYSIS OF LAMINATED CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE VESSELS WITH PRE-LOADS
MOHAMED
A.
Phd., Dpt. of Mechatronics, College of Engineering, 6 October University.
Please address all correspondence to this author at the above address or by phone
at 0127376720.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA new closed form analytical solution for laminated cylindrical pressure vessels withlateral pressure is presented. The solution includes nonlinear effects due to largedeformations based on Timoshenko approach. The solution also includes the effects ofpre-stress which is encountered during the filament winding of composite pressurevessels. The solution allows the analysis of symmetric and asymmetric stackingsequences.The derivation of the governing equations and its solution is presented. Special casestudies for the solution are discussed. Some examples are presented for two differentstacking sequences; the effects of length, loading pressure, and pre-stress are studied.
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241
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39795_de30626a9c1c4e6848c9521f5fc80795.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39795
FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF A SMART ISOTROPIC BEAM WITH DISTRIBUTED PIZOELECETRIC ACTUATORS
BENDARY
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
El-SHAFEI
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
RIAD
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this paper, the static and dynamic loading of an intelligent beam structure withdistributed piezoelectric actuators has been studied. The structure substrate, made ofisotropic material, subjected to axial and transverse mechanical loads as well aselectrical load. The actuators layers are made of piezoelectric material of PZT type. Theone-dimensional isoperimetric Hermit cubic shape functions and the Lagrangeinterpolation function are used to formulate the finite element model for the distributedcoupled electromechanical behavior. The equation of motion of the structure systems isobtained by using the principle of total potential energy considering the Euler-Bernoullibeam assumptions. The results of the proposed finite element model are compared tothe available finite element and analytical results of other investigators, goodagreement is generally obtained.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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258
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39797_3ce7f10761f28650a5fbd779948530fb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39797
ROLLING PROCESS SIMULATION USING A DEVELOPED EULERIAN FORMULATION
BAYOUMI
N.
Lecturer, Mechanical Design & Production Dept., Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn this paper, an Eulerian formulation is developed from the more general ArbitraryLagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation and is used in rolling process simulation.Starting from the basic principles of continuum mechanics, a consistent ALEformulation is derived. An Eulerian formulation is then obtained by fixing the finiteelement mesh in space. A finite element program based on the Eulerian formulationhas been developed. The program is used to simulate a steady state rolling process.The roll pressure distribution is compared with published experimental results.Comparisons reveal the effectiveness of the developed formulation.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39800_3ce86a0863baddfab8fbb6201b33ce67.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39800
THE EFFECT OF RIBS ON BEHAVIOR OF NATURAL GAS VEHICLE PLATFORM BACKBONE WITH STAMPING CONSIDERATION
SAHARI
B.
Professor, Institute of Advanced Technology, ITMA, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
author
ARSAD
M.
Graduate student, Dpt. of Mech. and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra
Malaysia.
author
HAMOUDA
S.
Professor, Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Qatar University.
author
WONG
V.
Associate Professor, Dpt. of Mech. and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti
Putra Malaysia.
author
AHMAD
F.
Section Head, R and D, Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional Sdn Bhd (PROTON).
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe platform is the basic automotive body structure. It is on this platform that engineand other components are attached. It is made by stamping of sheet metal. The mainparts are the front and rear. Backbone made of stronger material is used to strengthenthe platform. It is located in the central portion of the platform. For natural gas vehicle, agas tank is placed underneath the backbone. The backbone is designed for highstiffness and ribs are used. The ribs may cause tearing during stamping. The objectiveof this paper is to determine the number of ribs that give high stiffness of the backbonewithout causing defect during stamping. Finite element is used. The backbone with 3,4 and 5 ribs was investigated. It was found that backbone with 3 ribs is sufficient for nofailure during stamping. Backbone with 5 ribs shows through thickness crack duringstamping.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39802_6d544ba99a297ea05998d48180480ec6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39802
STUDY ON OPTIMIZATION OF COMPOSITE CONICAL STRUCTURES FOR CRASHWORTHINESS APPLICATIONS
ALJIBORI
S.
Mechanical Engineering Dept, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn the last decade, lightweight energy-absorption structures in airframes and automotivevehicles are increasingly used to meet the crashworthiness requirements with a minimumweight increase. Crashworthiness may be defined as the ability of a vehicle to protect itsoccupants from death or serious injury in an accident of a given severity.Composite materials are often used to reduce the weight of structures. In the automotiveindustry weight reduction is important because fuel consumption is directly related tovehicular weight.In this paper numerical investigations into the crushing of woven roving laminated conicalsystem have been conducted. Energy absorption capability can be achieved if thelongitudinal properties of composite structures are being utilized. This can only be done ifthe energy absorbing system post failure scenario would be mitigated to be tearing failuremechanism. The system was designed by slipping a solid cone into composite cone. Thesemi cone angles used were 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 degrees. The cone height and bottomdiameter were kept constant for all cases as 100 mm and 76.2 mm, respectively. Theresults demonstrated that the energy was dissipated in the form of friction at the first crushstage, while the post crush stage was dominated by tearing failure mechanisms.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39804_1765c48d049488b12ea5218632a130c1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39804
EVALUATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF TRACKED VEHICLES TORSION BARS
SALEM
M.
author
SALAHUDDIEN
T.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTSuspension system of high mobility tracked vehicles is often fitted with torsion bars andhydraulic shock absorbers. Characteristics of these elements have a great effect onshocks and vibration resulting from drive of vehicles over irregular terrain. This study isconcerned with evaluation of the stiffness of torsion bar of Armored Personnel CarrierM113 and how it can be affected by road configuration and vehicle speed. A completetest rig equipped with a complete measuring system has been designed andmanufactured to measure the moment acting on torsion bar and the corresponding twistangle. The measured parameters are used to evaluate vehicle suspensioncharacteristics. The frequency and amplitude of an arbitrary rigid terrain profile withconstant vehicle speed are introduced in the test rig by adapting the rotating speed andthe profile of rig driving cam. Design and simulation of the test rig were carried out bythe aid of ADAMS program.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
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103
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39805_be55a98b454f59d58d9712049aea0824.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39805
STUDY OF VEHICLE CRASHWORTHINESS APPLYING COMPOSITE MATERIALS (FRONTAL AND OFFSET IMPACT)
SHARAF EL-DIEN
Y.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
MOUSA
M.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
ABD EL-LATIEF
A.
Egyptian Armed Forces.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe automotive industry is faced with an unprecedented challenge, to produce lightervehicles with less fuel consumption and pollution without sacrificing internal roominessand passenger safety. Therefore , new materials other than steel are being considered .This study presents the usage of composite materials instead of steel in certain parts(main rail, bumper, hood, fenders, wheel housing and doors) of the vehicle to improveits performance by studying of vehicle crashworthiness (frontal and offset impact). Afinite element model of a 1994 Chevrolet C-1500 pick-up truck was modified and usedfor this purpose with the aid of the multi-purpose finite element code LS-DYNA . Theresults showed that, the usage of composite materials in vehicle frame (or all partstogether) gives higher percentage of weight reduction and higher percentage ofabsorbed energy , than in the case of steel .
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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117
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39808_e36dcc40e11c0826a12cd5b1d6c9c687.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39808
THE VISION OF FRACTURE TOUGHNESS ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURAL MATERIALS FOR QUALITY CONTROL AT THE MANUFACTURING STAGE
RAY
K.
Professor, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology, Kharagpur, India.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTMethods to determine fracture toughness of structural materials as documented inASTM standard E-1820 are neither appropriate for quality control of tonnage materialsat the stage of production due to techno-economic reasons nor are suitable for materialdevelopment owing to their time-consuming nature. This report aims to suggest acommon solution to these problems considering measurement of fracture toughness(KIVM) using chevron notched bend bar specimens with either rectangular cross-section(RC) or circular cross-section (CC). The theoretical background for obtaining KIVMRCand KIVMCC and the corresponding normalized stress intensity factors are first discussedin this report. The usefulness of this technique is next illustrated using a number ofexamples related to the examinations of the (a) effect of inclusions on toughnesscharacteristics of microalloyed steels, (b) optimization of the volume fraction of theconstituent phases in dual phase steels, (c) design of heat treatment for cast rolls and(d) designing small specimens for fracture toughness determination.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
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13
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39810_1b1594ac56b733f68f614ecdd8552ce8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39810
THE MECHANICAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A TRUCK-MOUNTED SCATTEROMETER PLATFORM
HALIM
A.
Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing, No. 13, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala
Lumpur. Tel : 03-26966926 Fax : 03-26973360.
author
MAHMOOD
N.
Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing, No. 13, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala
Lumpur. Tel : 03-26966926 Fax : 03-26973360.
author
ALI
A.
Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing, No. 13, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala
Lumpur. Tel : 03-26966926 Fax : 03-26973360.
author
JAMIL
H.
Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing, No. 13, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala
Lumpur. Tel : 03-26966926 Fax : 03-26973360.
author
MAHMOOD
A.
Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing, No. 13, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala
Lumpur. Tel : 03-26966926 Fax : 03-26973360.
author
AHMAD
Z.
Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing, No. 13, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala
Lumpur. Tel : 03-26966926 Fax : 03-26973360.
author
IBRAHIM
N.
Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing, No. 13, Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480 Kuala
Lumpur. Tel : 03-26966926 Fax : 03-26973360.
author
BREVERN
V.
Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh L
Ama, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia. Tel:+606-252 3004 Fax:+606-231 6552.
author
CHUAH
T.
Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh L
Ama, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia. Tel:+606-252 3004 Fax:+606-231 6552.
author
KOO
C.
Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh L
Ama, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia. Tel:+606-252 3004 Fax:+606-231 6552.
author
SING
K.
Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh L
Ama, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia. Tel:+606-252 3004 Fax:+606-231 6552.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe construction of mobile microwave scatterometer involved the consideration toensure the platform and equipment selection full-filled technical requirement and safetystandard in Malaysia. Designing, and modification works involved engineeringcalculations and methodology in determining and selecting a suitable hydraulictelescopic boom that suit a selected platform available in the market. The platform isalso a delivery system for microwave remote sensing equipment and other accessoriesto any locations in Malaysia. Total loading to be carried by the platform is about 4500 kgand its overall weight must be 16,000 kg as recommended by hydraulic telescopicboom manufacturers. The telescopic boom will elevate 30 kg microwave scatterometersystem and antenna to a maximum height of 27 m, and can also be rotated through360o. An optical encoder is incorporated in the system to enable tracking or monitoringangular movement of the hydraulic telescopic boom when positioned towards requiredtarget. Provision is also provided for future up grading of the system.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
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2008
23
28
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39816_0a92aad5537022f9e87ed3ffb7029af0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39816
RELIABILITY OF MICROELECTRONIC DEVICES FROM EMITTERBASE JUNCTION CHARACTERIZATION
TAZBIT
W.
Laboratoire de physique appliquée et d’automatique LP2A,
Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy ,66860 Perpignan Cedex, France.
author
MIALHE
P.
Laboratoire de physique appliquée et d’automatique LP2A,
Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy ,66860 Perpignan Cedex, France.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe current-voltage characteristics of microelectronic devices are used to comparecommercial components. A double exponential model (VDEM) introduces physicalparameters to characterise the junction properties of bipolar transistor.The method leads to differentiate the high and low power operating modes of devicesand shows that values of the junction parameters can be associated with eachmanufacture and related to quality and reliability control.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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29
37
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39820_cfb750ab35d464b6e4edc65d18a474bd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39820
NANO-REINFORCED COMPOSITE INTERFACES: OPPERTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
MEGUID
A.
Engineering Mechanics and Design Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3 G8,
CANADA.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTIn the present paper, the delamination behaviour of nano-reinforced composite doublecantilever beam is numerically studied. Specifically, it evaluates the influence ofnanofillers on the reinforcement of adhesively bonded layer under mode-I fracturetoughness using multiscale modelling. In this novel approach, we couple coarse-grainmolecular dynamics with continuum mechanics. The molecular dynamics domain andthe finite element domain are overlapped in a handshaking subdomain, Theimplementation of coarse-grain molecular dynamics radically reduces the size of theproblem. An explicit algorithm coupling the two methodologies was developed and usedto determine the energy release rates of cohesive cracks in adhesively bondedcomposite joints with varying amount of nano-reinforcement in the adhesive layer. Boththe quality of the prediction of the multiscale model and the influence of the nanofillersare evaluated and discussed.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
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48
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39822_8729143b528801b48c9d68a6e028bc6f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39822
TRIBO BEHAVIOUR OF POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES (MODELLING AND EXPERIMENTS)
GNANAMOORTHY
R.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai
600 036, India.
author
SRINATH
S.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai
600 036, India.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTAddition of nanosize reinforcements to polymer matrix is a recent approach to improvethe matrix strength and modulus and widen the application of polymers and theircomposites for many structural applications. Polymer nanocomposites are newspecialty plastic compounds, which have reinforcement having at least one dimensionin the nanometre scale (10-9 m) in a polymer matrix. Many researchers have reportedthe significant increase in the strength and modulus due to the addition ofnanoparticles. The tribo behaviour of an engineering material is another aspect thatneeds to be understood clearly and decides the performance of many engineeringcomponents such as gears, bearings etc. This paper describes the tribo behaviour ofpolyamide base nanocomposites. The analytical model developed to predict thecoefficient of friction is also described.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
49
59
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39825_31042a688729094f1a038b422e46ddb8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39825
CURRENT ADVANCES IN WELDING TECHNOLOGY
ACHAR
G.
Head, Materials Joining Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTAn overview of the trends in welding science and technology is projected after takingcognizance of the current state-of-art in the world over. The situation in the Indianwelding industries in relation to the global scenario is discussed. Several developmentsare described relating to the latest modifications/changes in welding processes,consumables and technology. Some of the novel approaches of joining advancedmaterials are highlighted. The growing significance of basic welding research to providethe much needed science base to welding technology is elucidated. Finally, what needsto be done by the Indian fabrication industry to achieve competitive edge over others inthe region in the manufacturing sector is addressed.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
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72
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39827_cbda7bb970db5b145294c3e2eb3ba4b2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39827
MODELLING AND COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT DESIGN SOLUTIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS FOR DC TRANSFERRED ARC PLASMA CUTTING TORCHES
COLOMBO
V.
Full Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering (D.I.E.M.), Alma Mater
Studiourum-Università di Bologna, Italy.
author
CONCETTI
A.
PhD Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering (D.I.E.M.), Alma Mater
Studiourum-Università di Bologna, Italy.
author
GHEDINI
E.
Researcher, Department of Mechanical Engineering (D.I.E.M.), Alma Mater
Studiourum-Università di Bologna, Italy.
author
DALLAVALLE
S.
Director of the technical staff, Cebora S.p.A., Cadriano di Granarolo, Italy.
author
VANCINI
M.
Team leader Plasma Cutting Division, Cebora S.p.A., Cadriano di Granarolo, Italy.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is mainly to investigate by means of a 2-D FLUENT©basednumerical model the behaviour of different types of transferred arc dual gas plasmatorches used for cutting of metallic materials, giving the physical reasons for theindustrial success of various design and process solutions appeared over the lastyears. Flow and heat transfer equations are solved with coupled electromagnetic ones,for an optically thin LTE plasma, while turbulence phenomena are taken into account bymeans of a k-ε RNG model, including the prediction of thermal behaviour of the solidcomponents of the torch head and the efficiency of nozzle and electrode coolingsystems in various operating conditions including gas mixtures (O2/air, H35/N2, N2/N2).Radiation is included in the calculation of heat transfer to the surfaces of thecomponents using a customized Discrete Ordinate (DO) model. Additional experimentalresults have been obtained using a high speed camera (HSC), during pilot arcing andpiercing of mild and stainless steel plates of various thickness and in different operatingconditions. The technique has provided new insight of the PAC process and someinteresting phenomena have been highlighted: such as, the trajectory and velocity ofhafnium particles emitted from the electrode during pilot arcing and the effect of nonperfectly aligned consumables (shield-nozzle) on inducing destructive piercing.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
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83
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39830_4dee35bbf135fc8ef33aed0b4a523314.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39830
COUPLED THERMO- MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF SHEAR LOCALIZATION IN BULK METALLIC GLASSES
EKAMBARAM
R.
Graduate student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of
Singapore, Singapore.
author
THAMBURAJA
P.
Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of
Singapore, Singapore.
author
NIKABDULLAH
N.
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti kembangsaan
Malaysia, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTA Coupled-thermo-mechanical, finite deformation based constitutive model to describethe deformation behavior of bulk metallic glasses was recently developed byThamburaja and Ekambaram [1] and implemented in ABAQUS/Explicit (2007) finiteelementprogram by writing a user material sub-routine. In this work, the effectivenessof this temperature-displacement model, particularly while simulating the localizingbehavior of metallic glasses which are deformed within the super-cooled liquid region iscomprehensively analyzed.Numerical simulations were performed using the set of constitutive equations and list ofmaterial parameters from Thamburaja and Ekambaram [1] for Vitreloy-1 metallic glass.Coupled-temperature-displacement simulations were performed under specifieddeformation rates to study the shear localization phenomena for temperatures aroundand above the glass transition temperature. These deformation rates were obtainedfrom the experimentally determined localization mapping from Lu, J. et. al. [2] forVitreloy-1. The results from our finite element simulations could distinctively delineatethe incidence of shear bands for strain rates well within the experimentally obtainedrange for localization, for ambient temperatures near the glass transition region.
The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
Military Technical College
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
84
88
https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39832_16297bb15aa769b8e261254acffada76.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39832
DRY SLIDING WEAR BEHAVIOR OF NANO and MICRON PARTICLES REINFORCED P/M BASED METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES
VENKATESWARAN
K.
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.
author
M.
M.
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.
author
PRASAD RAO
K.
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.
author
text
article
2008
eng
ABSTRACTPowder Metallurgy (P/M) based Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) has emerged as aclass of materials capable of advanced structural, aerospace and automotiveapplications in recent years. In spite of various process and property advantages, theyhave one major disadvantage namely poor wear resistance. This restricts the use ofthese MMCs, for wear resistant applications. Use of reinforcement of ceramic hardparticles namely SiC and Al2O3 , to improve wear properties in MMCs are common inspite of its high cost and poor compatibility with base metal matrix. Recently, interest inuse of intermetallic particles in MMCs for tribological applications has grownsignificantly. The principal advantage of intermetallic composites is the metal-likeproperties of the matrix. Also, they are attractive in tribological applications not only fortheir intrinsic properties such as hardness, stability, wear resistance etc. but alsobecause of their compatibility with metallic matrices. Hence, the present investigationaims at studying the influence of mechanically alloyed nano iron aluminide intermetallicparticles and micron alumina ceramic particles on the wear behavior of P/M basedSS316L metal matrix composites were studied using a pin-on-disk wear testingmachine under dry sliding condition. Both, iron aluminide and alumina were used asparticle reinforcement with 10 and 20 % volume in the matrix. The composites wereprepared by mixing and cold compacting followed by sintering SS316L at 1250°C. Thepresence and distribution of Fe3Al and Al2O3 phases on the matrix were identified. Theexperimental results indicated improvement in dry sliding wear properties of MMCscompared to their plain alloys. It also revealed that unreinforced SS316L showed lowerwear resistance, while the composites with Fe3Al were found superior during longersliding conditions. Alumina reinforced SS316L based MMCs impart good wearresistance only, for shorter sliding distances and the beneficial effects of Al2O3 tend todecrease as the sliding distance increases. Wear tracks were characterized by SEMtechniques to identify the possible wear mechanisms for the composites studied.
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13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering.
no.
2008
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https://amme.journals.ekb.eg/article_39835_2df6ff832ead04f654715a3492260823.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39835